Popular Abstract in Swedish För att tillverka en pappersbaserad förpackning är det viktigt att materialet är tillräckligt hållfast. Förpackningsmaterial består ofta av kartong, aluminium och polymerfilmer där kartong utgör den största delen av förpackningen och bidrar mest till styvheten. Det säljs årligen mer än hundra miljarder förpackningar i världen och om kostnaden samt materi- alåtgång för aContinuum based elasto-plastic-damage models for paperboard have been established in this work. The thesis begins with an introductory section that describes the mechanical properties of paperboard and some of the converting processes during forming of a package. A short review of modeling concepts that have been applied to paperboard is presented and then some key aspects and assumptions develope

In the post 9/11 era the effort to strengthen democracy in weak and fragile states has become a common undertaking of prominent international actors in their foreign policy agendas. In much of the academic and policy discourse democracy assistance has been framed as a solution to political instability and under-development in troubled states. With the case of the Middle East and North Africa regio

Executive summary The general aim of this report is to establish the state of the art of Impact Assessment (IA) in the EC and some selected European countries, while comparing the formal political advances with impact assessment work in practice. Two of the selected countries belong to the group that is identified as forerunners in IA development, Sweden and UK. France is an example of a country w

Regeln för subjekt-verbkongruens i engelskan anses ofta vara enkel, både att förstå och förklara. Ändå gör inlärare överraskande ofta fel, något som lärare som undervisar i engelska i skolan och på högskolenivå märker och ofta påpekar. Det är därför intressant att undersöka om källan till inlärarnas bristande förmåga är 1) ofullständig kunskap om regeln för subjekt-verbkongruens (d.v.s. explicit k

The time evolution of incipient necks is studied numerically for planar and axisymmetric bars subject to high-rate extension. The material is taken to be elastic-plastic and fully non-linear dynamic effects are accounted for. Two main types of growth of necks are observed; stable neck-development that results in fully developed necks and unstable neck-development that leads to weakly developed nec

This paper describes a method for automatically initializing a self-tuning controller. The procedure can be used for systems that are adequately described by models of at most third-order with time delay. For this class of systems it gives a self-tuner that can be initialized simply by pushing a button.

In this paper, we describe an audio-haptic drawing application prototype that has recently been tested by five pupils who are 8-13 years. The application has been used by pupils, assistants and teachers to access graphics and create graphics that are accessible for pupils with severe visual impairment or blindness. We have observed a spread in the actual use of the system that seems to depend, for

Projektet NOA finansierades av Europeiska socialfonden (Växtkraft, Mål 3) och vände sig till långtidssjukskrivna vid Försäkringskassan i Malmö mellan åren 2005-2007. Utvärderingen av projektet har en formativ och en summativ del och bygger på intervjuer med kursdeltagare, projektledare, arbetspsykologer och outplacementkonsulter. Deltagarna beskriv utbytet av projektet på olika sätt. En del betona

Purpose To explore demand related information sharing in a multi-tier supply chain and propose contingency factors that impact benefits of information sharing across three or more tiers. Design/methodology/approach Through an in-depth case study a range of methods are used to collect data from companies representing three different tiers, including focal company, 1st tier suppliers and 1st tier c