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In aviation, pilots engage in safety critical activities in the cockpit to guarantee a safe flight. Throughout history these activities have been transformed by introducing new artifacts in the cockpit, such as rules and technology, changing thereby the way in which pilots try to achieve safe flight outcomes. The recent introduction of the iPad in the cockpit of airlines, as part of the process of

This thesis investigates the implementation and challenges of Smart Cities, focusing on how different elements affect the decisions and strategies for integrating smart technologies. The study is based on qualitative interviews with professionals involved in Smart City projects. It highlights the diverse definitions and interpretations of the Smart City concept, emphasizing the importance of trans

Models of the bilingual mental lexicon, such as the Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM) and the Modified Hierarchical Model (MHM), suggest an asymmetrical pattern in the mental lexicons among bilinguals between two languages, and the representations are multi-dimensional. This study sets out to understand how bilinguals process the mental lexicon of two languages for abstract words and corresponding

Avtalsfrihet är en grundläggande princip inom avtalsrätten, vilket innebär att parter är fria att själva bestämma vilka de vill ingå avtal med och vad de vill inkludera i ett avtal. I sitt avtal kan parterna ofta också välja att begränsa det ansvar som de eller någon av dem annars har. Exempelvis kan avtalet innehålla ansvarsbegränsningar från skadestånd eller beloppsbegränsningar av det kontraktThe freedom of contract is a principle in common contract law, freedom of contract means that two parties are free to arrange the content of the contract however they like. Because they are free to dispose of the contract themselves, they can choose to include a disclaimer clause. However, there are restrictions. Parties can not include disclaimer clauses however they like because to minimize and

This paper explores the impact of recent policy reforms on civil society in Sweden, including the new Civil Society Strategy. Historically Sweden's civil society organizations (CSOs) have played a crucial role in enhancing political participation and accountability, strengthening democracy and human rights. However, recent changes have raised concerns about reduced communication, transparency,

This thesis explores the interplay of environmental degradation, socioeconomic pressures, and pastoral conflict dynamics in Northwestern Kenya, emphasising the role of young people. While initially aimed at understanding how these factors drive traditional conflicts, the research reveals that environmental changes act more as 'threat multipliers' than direct causes. It shifts focus to the

As the importance of sustainability increases more weight is laid upon using both greener building materials and efficient transportation systems. As more and more buildings are being built with wood and other light weight materials, and ever more slender constructions, the need to understand the impact of vibrations in these types of structures increases. Furthermore the increasing urban density

Wood density is a crucial trait in trees influencing carbon storage in forests, yet dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) neglect its variability under different environmental conditions. For this thesis, I integrated environmentally-dependent wood density into the DGVM LPJ-GUESS by simulating mean annual tree ring density based on temperature variables. The model considers earlywood and latewo

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy principle commonly used to manage plastic packaging waste in which the producer is taking a major role. The current discussions reached a point that discusses the necessity of an international EPR, which could extend the producer’s responsibility outside of its national boundary. However, the discussions are lacking those that involve multiple sta

In the Age of Climate Disaster, 2024 has already branded itself as a record-breaking year in terms of environmental impacts. Extreme temperatures, drought, wildfires, earthquakes, floods, and rising sea levels are becoming a dire reality for many communities, and climate adaptation has become a widely discussed topic both within and outside the field of architecture. Clara’s Arc(h) is a utopian d

Merry Go Round: Rolling-circle telomere elongation Imagine a shoelace. At the end of the shoelace, there is a protective piece called an aglet, keeping the fibers together. A human chromosome is a bit like that, too – long and linear, with a characteristic structure at the end called the telomere, which protects the chromosome from instability. With each cell division, a piece of the telomeric

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive form of cancer, characterized by a particularly poor prognosis. Subsequently, it has a very low five-year survival rate of only 6%. At the clinic, patients are either diagnosed at advanced stages where care is more palliative and with few therapeutic options or, when diagnosed at earlier stages, respond very positively to first-line treatments b

Streptococcus pyogenes, or group A streptococci (GAS) is a well known agent of pharyngitis. The same goes for the closely related S. dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE). Recent data indicates that a third pathogen called Fusobacterium necrophorum, with similarly severe complications to GAS is the second most common pathogen in pharyngitis. These infections cause the greatest damage in low

Frisättning av insulin- och mättnadsstimulerande tarmhormoner efter intag av extrakt från spenat Introduktion och Bakgrund Fetma är en växande hälsoutmaning då den kan leda till kronisk sjukdom som typ II diabetes och hjärt-kärlsjukdom. Därför sker mycket forskning för att underlätta viktminskning hos överviktiga. Ny medicin har fokuserat på insulinfrisättande tarmhormoner, som hjälper till att s

Kroppens goda och onda sida i cancer Alla är familiära med sjudomen cancer, antignen via en bekant, vetskap om sjukdomen eller personligt. Trots att det är en relativt vanlig sjudom betyder inte det att kroppen inte har ett försvar mot cancern, vi har faktiskt vårt immunförsvar. Några av de viktiga celler vi har som skydd är våra T-celler, en del av våra vita blodkroppar. Dock, kan kroppen också

DNA Encoded Library (DEL) screening has emerged as a transformative technology in pharmaceutical research, enabling the high-throughput screening of billions of compounds. While DEL screening has been successful in identifying small molecule ligands for various protein targets, challenges remain in targeting specific classes of proteins, such as membrane proteins, which are challenging to purify a

Body alignment is a spontaneous response documented in a variety of animals, including songbirds, however the biological significance of this behavior remains elusive for most taxa. Migratory songbirds rely on an endogenous migration program to migrate, and extract navigational information from celestial and magnetic cues. To investigate the body alignment behavior, the resting position of individ

Understanding what influences reproduction within populations is important to assess what changes are happening, especially for species with declining populations. In this study, I focus on a large seabird, the great skua (Stercorarius skua) which have been shown to have declining population trends in most of their breeding range in recent years. Skuas are long-lived species with delayed sexual ma