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Heparan sulfate proteoglycan-mediated polyamine uptake.

The polyamines are polycationic compounds essential for cellular proliferation and transformation. In addition to a well-defined biosynthesis pathway, polyamines are internalized into cells by as yet incompletely defined mechanisms. Numerous reports have shown that efficient polyamine uptake depends on the presence of polyanionic, cell surface-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). In t

Evaluation of the Microvascular Blood Flow, Oxygenation, and Survival of Tarsoconjunctival Flaps Following the Modified Hughes Procedure.

For the modified Hughes procedure, a tarsoconjunctival flap from the upper eyelid is used to reconstruct large, full-thickness, lower eyelid defects. The conjunctival pedicle is divided once vascularization is deemed to be adequate. The importance of maintaining a flap pedicle to ensure adequate perfusion of the graft has been questioned. The purpose of the study was to investigate the microvascul

Increased perfusion pressure enhances the expression of endothelin (ETB) and angiotensin II (AT1, AT2) receptors in rat mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells.

In the present study, we hypothesized that changes in perfusion pressure result in altered expression of mRNA and protein encoding for the ETA-, ETB-, AT1- and AT2-receptors in rat mesenteric vessels. Segments of the rat mesenteric artery were cannulated with glass micropipettes, pressurized and luminally perfused in a perfusion chamber. After either exposure to no ("organ culture" (0 mmHg)), norm

Cdc42-mediated tubulogenesis controls cell specification.

Understanding how cells polarize and coordinate tubulogenesis during organ formation is a central question in biology. Tubulogenesis often coincides with cell-lineage specification during organ development. Hence, an elementary question is whether these two processes are independently controlled, or whether proper cell specification depends on formation of tubes. To address these fundamental quest

Sampling uncertainty in medical research.

OBJECTIVE: Statistical analysis is ubiquitous in medical research, but fundamental statistical principles are not always well understood, which has negative effects for both authors and readers of scientific papers. The purpose of this brief review is to provide a methodological overview on populations, samples, analysis units and sampling uncertainty to facilitate an increased understanding of st

Analysis of protein expression in pure cell nuclei populations isolated from human breast cancer tissue by DNA flow cytometric sorting.

In this study, cell nuclei from aneuploid breast cancer samples were sorted with respect to DNA content into pure diploid and aneuploid fractions using flow cytometry. The nuclear proteins were then separated by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1D-PAGE) and differences in protein expression patterns, between diploid and aneuploid nuclei from the same tumours, were compared. Using a combination

Contribution of pre-synaptic mechanisms to l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies have shown that peak-dose dyskinesia is associated to abnormally high levels of synaptic dopamine (DA) in the caudate-putamen of dyskinetic l-DOPA-treated patients. High striatal extracellular DA levels have also been found in dyskinetic 6-OHDA-lesioned rats as compared to non-dyskinetic ones, suggesting that extracellular DA levels may play a key

Seeking exemptions from nursing home routines. Residents’ everyday influence attempts in relation to institutional order

Using ethnographic data collected from a Swedish nursing home, this article analyzes residents' everyday or subtle influence attempts relative to the maintenance of institutional routines. Residents' efforts to carve out some autonomy or fulfill personal preferences in everyday matters could be categorized as (1) disruptions, (2) disturbances, or (3) “good matches” relative to ongoing and up-comin

The grade in physical education in adolescence as predictor for musculoskeletal pain diagnoses three decades later.

We hypothesized that a low grade in physical education (PE) is associated with an increased risk of future musculoskeletal conditions, especially chronic pain. Using a historical cohort study design, we identified all students (mean age 16.0years), who in 1974-1976 graduated from compulsory school in a Swedish municipality and retrieved their PE grades. We ensured that persons were still alive and

Estimates in Möbius invariant spaces of analytic functions.

We consider a class of spaces of analytic functions on the unit disc which are Möbius invariant and whose topology is essentially determined by a conformal invariant seminorm. Standard examples of such spaces are the Bloch space. BMOA, the Dirichlet spaces and their recent generalizations ${Cal Q}_K$, which make the object of our interest. We prove a general inequality for the seminorms of dilated

Planning Order Releases for an Assembly System with Random Operation Times

A multi-stage assembly network is considered. A number of end items should be delivered at a certain time. Otherwise a delay cost is incurred. End items and components that are delivered before they are needed will cause holding costs. All operation times are independent stochastic variables. The objective is to choose starting times for different operations in order to minimize the total expected

Validation of a multi-marker model for the prediction of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: Combined results of the Inter99 and Botnia studies.

Purpose: To assess performance of a biomarker-based score that predicts the five-year risk of diabetes (Diabetes Risk Score, DRS) in an independent cohort that included 15-year follow-up. Method: DRS was developed on the Inter99 cohort, and validated on the Botnia cohort. Performance was benchmarked against other risk-assessment tools comparing calibration, time to event analysis, and net reclassi

Environmental sustainability criteria in the coffee sector – Lessons that can be learnt

In the article, the issue of environmental sustainability criteria in the coffee sector is researched. Such important aspects in this topic are highlighted and discussed as reasons for the emergence of sustainability criteria for coffee and factors that make the production of coffee sustainable. Two widely used sustainability standards for coffee, the Fair Trade Coffee sustainability standard and

Are activity limitations associated with lower urinary tract symptoms in stroke patients? A cross-sectional, clinical survey.

Objective . To assess self-reported activity limitations in a clinical sample of stroke patients and to identify their association with prevalence, severity and impact on daily life of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Material and methods . A cross-sectional, clinical survey was initiated whereby stroke patients were invited to complete four activity limitations measurements: Barthel Index, mo

A novel α-synuclein-GFP mouse model displays progressive motor impairment, olfactory dysfunction and accumulation of α-synuclein-GFP.

Compelling evidence suggests that accumulation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we describe a novel Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) transgenic model, in which we have expressed wild-type human α-syn fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP), under control of the mouse α-syn promoter. We observed a widespread and high

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1-mediated leukocyte recruitment regulates hepatocellular damage in acute obstructive cholestasis in mice.

OBJECTIVE: Leukocytes mediate hepatocellular injury in obstructive cholestasis. The aim of the present study was to define the role of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) in cholestasis-induced leukocyte recruitment and liver damage. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were pre-treated with an anti-PSGL-1 antibody or a control antibody prior to bile duct ligation (BDL) for 12 h. Hepatic recruitment of leu