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Biomass can be converted into liquid and gaseous biofuels with good efficiency. In this study, the conversion of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), a biomass source that can be cultivated with a high biomass yield per hectare, was used. Steam pretreatment of dry and ensiled hemp was investigated prior to ethanol production. The pretreatment efficiency was evaluated in terms of sugar recovery an
The ellipsocephalid trilobite Strenuaeva spinosa occurs widely in Scandinavia in the lower part of the Ornamentaspis? linnarssoni Zone (Cambrian Series 2). Its first appearance is a readily recognisable, widespread biohorizon in Scandinavia. During ontogeny, intergenal spines are lost and the librigenae develop from a generative zone in the genal region. The palpebro-ocular ridges are distinct and
Metamorphic belts in Precambrian shields expose deep interiors of orogens and are often challenging to interpret in tectonic terms. The Eastern Segment of the 1.1-0.9 Ga Sveconorwegian orogen is a metamorphic belt, which was metamorphosed at high-pressure granulite and upper amphibolite facies at 35-40 km depth and shows highly complex fold patterns. We use detailed structural analysis in combinat
This paper addresses the problem of representing the impact of different emergency exit signs during the evacuation of a tunnel when using two different evacuation models (i.e. FDS+Evac and buildingEXODUS). Both models allow the user to represent the impact of smoke upon the evacuee. The models are calibrated (1) considering the nature of the models themselves, (2) by deriving assumptions from pre
BACKGROUND: Lu-177-(DOTAO,Tyr3) octreotate is a new treatment modality for disseminated neuroendocrine tumors. According to a consensus protocol, the calculated maximally tolerated absorbed dose to the kidney should not exceed 27 Gy. In commonly used dosimetry methods, planar imaging is used for determination of the residence time, whereas the kidney mass is determined from a computed tomography (
During sporulation of Streptomyces coelicolor, the cytokinetic protein FtsZ is assembled into dozens of regularly spaced Z rings, which orchestrate the division of aerial hyphae into spores. We have previously found that a missense allele of ftsZ, ftsZ17(Spo), primarily affects sporulation septation rather than formation of cross-walls in vegetative mycelium. To clarify what aspect of FtsZ functio
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which the type I interferon pathway has a crucial role. We have previously shown that three genes in this pathway, IRF5, TYK2 and STAT4, are strongly associated with risk for SLE. Here, we investigated 78 genes involved in the type I interferon pathway to identify additional SLE susceptibility loci. First, we genotyped 896 sing
Abstract Dog bites to the hand and forearm are common. Although bites are usually minor, aggressive dogs may cause extensive bites developing to a public health problem. In a database review of dog bites to the hand applied to Emergency Department or to the Department of Hand Surgery in Malmö, Sweden 2008-2009, we found 81 cases [42 men and 39 women; median age 45 (range 2-88) years]. Three of 81
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in subventricular zone (SVZ) produce new striatal neurons during several months after stroke, which may contribute to recovery. Intracerebral grafts of NSPCs can exert beneficial effects after stroke through neuronal replacement, trophic actions, neuroprotection, and modulation of inflammation. Here we have explored whether human fetal striatum-derived NSPC-gra
The dynamic HIV-1 epidemic has resulted in the emergence of several different subtypes and recombinant forms that may differ in biological properties. A recombinant form of CRF02_AG and sub-subtype A3 (A3/02) was recently described based on env sequencing and associated with faster disease progression rates compared with its parental strains. Here, we performed near full-length sequencing of the A
We show that the traveling salesman problem in bounded-degree graphs can be solved in time O((2 - epsilon)(n)), where epsilon > 0 depends only on the degree bound but not on the number of cities, n. The algorithm is a variant of the classical dynamic programming solution due to Bellman, and, independently, Held and Karp. In the case of bounded integer weights on the edges, we also give a polynomia
We study 4-dimensional Riemannian manifolds equipped with a minimal and conformal foliation F of codimension 2. We prove that the two adapted almost Hermitian structures J_1 and J_2 are both cosymplectic if and only if F is Riemannian and its horizontal distribution H is integrable.
Activated protein C (APC) down-regulates thrombin formation through proteolytic inactivation of factor Va (FVa) by cleavage at Arg(506) and Arg(306) and of factor VIIIa (FVIIIa) by cleavage at Arg(336) and Arg(562). To study substrate recognition by APC, active site-mutated APC (APC(S360A)) was used, which lacks proteolytic activity but exhibits anticoagulant activity. Experiments in model systems
Objective: To assess exercise induced analgesia (EIA) and pain sensitivity in hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to study the effects of neuromuscular exercise and surgery on these parameters. Design: The dataset consisted of knee (n = 66) and hip (n = 47) OA patients assigned for total joint replacement at Lund University Hospital undergoing pre-operative neuromuscular exercise and 43 matched c
Results from previous studies investigating the association between fluid intake and urothelial cell carcinomas (UCC) are inconsistent. We evaluated this association among 233,236 subjects in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), who had adequate baseline information on water and total fluid intake. During a mean follow-up of 9.3 years, 513 first primary UCC occu
Giving speeches in parliament is a key element of elected representatives for signalling their policy agenda and their ideological positions to their party and their electorate. Taking a specific programmatic position might increase the chances of an MP to get re-nominated and to win again a seat in the legislature. In this paper, we build on approaches of responsive behaviour of political actors
Aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) into oligomers, fibrils, and plaques is central in the molecular pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is the main focus of AD drug development. Biomarkers to monitor Aβ metabolism and aggregation directly in patients are important for further detailed study of the involvement of Aβ in disease pathogenesis and to monitor the biochemical effect of drugs targeti
Sustaining innovation in a fast growing software development company is difficult. As organisations grow, peoples’ focus often changes from the big picture of the product being developed to the specific role they fill. This paper presents two complementary approaches that were successfully used to support continued developer-driven innovation in a rapidly growing Australian agile software developm
