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Modeling of high-temperature desulfurization by Ca-based sorbents

Models for estimating the sulfation of CaO at high temperature are presented. Short-residence-time sulfation is described by a pore size distribution model and long-residence-time sulfation by a particle expansion model. The calculations made agree well with experiments carried out on three different limestones in a TGA, a volumetric reactor and an entrained flow reactor. The pore size distributio

External quality assessment for mutation detection in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes: EMQN's experience of 3 years

Background: The European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN) was formed in order to improve external quality assessment for molecular genetic testing in Europe. From 1999 to 2002 it received funding from the European Union under the Standards, Measurement and Testing programme (contract no. SMT4-CT98-7515). Since then, its maintenance has been supported through subscription of the participan

Electron transport through nanosystems driven by Coulomb scattering

Electron transmission through nanosystems is blocked if there are no states connecting the left and the right reservoir. Electron-electron scattering can lift this blockade, and we show that this feature can be conveniently implemented by considering a transport model based on many-particle states. We discuss typical signatures of this phenomenon, such as the presence of a current signal for a fin

Polymorphisms in metabolic genes related to tobacco smoke and the risk of gastric cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Metabolizing enzymes, which often display genetic polymorphisms, are involved in the activation of compounds present in tobacco smoke that may be relevant to gastric carcinogenesis. We report the results of a study looking at the association between risk of gastric adenocarcinoma and polymorphisms in genes CYP1A1, CYP1A2, EPHX1, and GSTT1. A nested case-control study was carried out within the Eur

Forms of State, Governance and Regime: Reconceptualising the Prospects for Democratic Consolidation in Sub-Saharan Africa

Building on the growing body of literature bridging international relations and historical sociology, this article argues that "consolidologists" have something to learn from this field. The discussion's point of departure is contemporary writings on sovereignty, security, and state formation in the African context. In an effort to synthesize insights from international relations and historical so

The Multi-Pitch Estimation Problem: Some Solutions

n this paper, we formulate the multi-pitch estimation problem and propose a number of methods to estimate the set of fundamental frequencies. The methods, which are based on nonlinear least-squares, multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and the Capon principles, have in common the fact that the multiple fundamental frequencies are estimated by means of a one-dimensional search. The statistical pr

Inhibitory effects of SR 49059 on oxytocin-and vasopressin-induced uterine contractions in non-pregnant women.

Background. Compounds that block uterine oxytocin and vasopressin V1a receptors have a therapeutic potential in preterm labor and primary dysmenorrhoea. The orally active vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist, SR49059, inhibits the effect of vasopressin on human uterine activity in vivo, but the influence on the response to oxytocin is unknown. Methods. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, parall

Influence of the concentration of a low-molecular organic solute on the flux reduction of a polyethersulphone ultrafiltration membrane

Drastic flux reductions are sometimes encountered during ultrafiltration of solutes much smaller than the membrane pores. This usually occurs during ultrafiltration of hydrophobic, low-molecular solutes, such as fatty acids, alcohols and alkanes. The influence of the concentration of a carboxylic acid, octanoic acid, on the flux of a polyethersulphone membrane was studied in this investigation. Th

Interlaboratory tests on thermal foot models

Jämförande mätningar med olika typer av fotmodeller har genomförts. Åtta olika laboratorier deltog. Storleken på de olika modellerna motsvarade skostorlekar från 41 till 44. Sex andra laboratorier var intresserade att deltaga men kunde inte genomföra mätningar vid tillfället. En databas skapades som gör det möjligt att fortlöpande tillföra resultat från mätningar med typer av andra skodon samt vidA limited Round Robin test has been carried out with different types of foot models. Eight laboratories were able to carry out tests. The foot models varied in sizes from 254 mm to 275 mm, representing boot sizes from 41 to 44. Six other laboratories were interested but were not able to carry out the tests within this study. A database has been created. New test results from other test laboratorie

Morality Beyond Humanity : Schopenhauer, Grysanowski, and Schweitzer on Animal Ethics

Popular Abstract in Swedish Författaren undersöker de djuretiska idéerna hos tre tyska tänkare: Arthur Schopenhauer, Ernst Grysanowski och Albert Schweitzer. Genom att placera in dem i deras intellektuella kontext, söker författaren undersöka de skilda dimensioner som innefattas i deras djuretik och svara på frågan hur man kan förstå deras åsikter utifrån deras specifika historiska kontext. FörfatThe study examines the character and development of the animal ethical ideas of three German thinkers: Arthur Schopenhauer, Ernst Grysanowski, and Albert Schweitzer. By situating them in their cultural and intellectual context, the study explores the differing meanings of their ethical views of animals and seeks to answer the question of how their ideas can be explained historically. It is argued

Isokinetic behaviour in gas phase catalytic haloarene hydrodehalogenation reactions: Mechanistic considerations

Compensation behaviour is established for the gas phase hydrodehalogenation of a range of haloarenes over a common Ni/SiO2 catalyst. Analysis of the experimental results delivers an isokinetic temperature (T-iso) at 658 +/- 2K associated with the following reactants: chlorobenzene, 4-chlorotoluene, 3-chlorophenol, 1,3,-dichlorobenzene, 4-chlorophenol, 3,5-dichlorophenol, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, bromo

Nordic research in ophthalmology

Purpose: To provide an overview of some of the current activities in eye research in the Nordic countries. Methods: The presentations at the biannual Nordic Congress of Ophthalmology, held in Tampere, Finland in 2002, were reviewed and the contributions found most noteworthy are included in this article along with a limited discussion of each research field. However, space requirements prevented t

Actions of platelet-activating factor on isolated feline and human cerebral arteries

The effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF) were studied on isolated feline basilar arteries (BAs) and human pial arteries (PAs). PAF contracted the BAs by 67% of the contraction induced by 124 mM K+ and the PAs by 80%. The contraction in BAs was unaffected by both indomethacin and the thromboxane receptor antagonist AH23848. PAF relaxed prostaglandin F2 alpha-contracted arteries. In BAs 10(-6

Estimating soil solution electrical conductivity from time domain reflectometry measurements using neural networks

Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a widely used method for measuring the dielectric constant (K-a) and bulk electrical conductivity (sigma(a)) in soils. The TDR measured sigma(a) and K-a can be used to calculate the soil solution electrical conductivity, sigma(w.) The sigma(w), in turn, can be related to the concentration of an ionic tracer. Several models of the sigma(w)-sigma(a)-K-a relationshi

The times they are a-changin': Declining immigrant employment opportunities in Scandinavia

This article compares and contrasts male immigrant labor market experiences in Sweden and Denmark during the period 1985-1995. Using register-based panel data sets from Sweden and Denmark, a picture of the employment assimilation process of immigrants from Norway, Poland, and Turkey is presented. The comparative approach shows that immigrants in Sweden and Denmark experienced similar declines in e