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A (PCP)PdMe complex has been synthesized and structurally characterized, displaying a very long Pd-Me bond. It is reactive toward CO2 insertion, giving the corresponding acetate in quantitative yield. The methyl complex can be regenerated using ZnMe2, and catalytic carboxylation is possible in benzene.
Recombinant amorpha-4,11-diene synthase from Artemisia annua, expressed in Escherichia coli, was incubated with the deuterium-labeled farnesyl diphosphates, (1R)-[1-H-2]FPP, (1S)-[1-H-2]FPP, and [1,1-H-2(2)]FPP. GC-MS analysis of amorpha-4,11-diene formed from the deuterated FPPs shows that the deuterium atoms are retained in the product. Furthermore, analysis of the MS-spectra obtained with the d
Background. Several population-based studies have shown that self-perceived health is a powerful predictor of health outcomes. The extent to which self-perceived health is associated with personality characteristics is, however, largely unknown. We aimed to study the relationship between self-perceived health and personality among adults in the community. Method. Data were drawn from the Midlife D
Poorly oxygenated ( hypoxic) tumors are frequently more aggressive compared to corresponding tumors that are better oxygenated. Adaptation to hypoxia is primarily mediated by two closely related hypoxia inducible transcription factor complexes, HIF-1 and HIF-2, which become stabilized and activated at low oxygen levels. Whether HIF-1 and HIF-2 have different roles in tumorigenesis is an open quest
A major limitation to clinical stem cell-mediated gene therapy protocols is the low levels of engraftment by transduced progenitors. We report that CXCR4 overexpression on human CD34(+) progenitors using a lentiviral gene transfer technique helped navigate these cells to the murine bone marrow and spleen in response to stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) signaling. Cells overexpressing CXCR4 exhibite
Screening of 29 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae revealed that 16/21 serum resistant strains and 0/8 serum sensitive strains bound C4bp. suggesting that C4bp binding to gonococci could contribute to serum resistance. C4bp bound to gonococci retained cofactor (C4b-degrading) function. Using allelic exchange to construct strains with hybrid Por1A/B molecules, we demonstrate that the N-terminal loop
It is important that the properties of a Virtual Reality (VR) model support its purpose in the specific context in which it is used. This study investigated how employees of a company experienced a VR model of their yet-to-be-built office building. We also compared the VR experience with the employees' experience of the completed building. The results showed that the employees felt that the VR mod
Migratory birds use compass systems derived from the geomagnetic field, the stars, the sun and polarized light patterns. We tested whether birds use a single underlying reference system for calibration of these compasses and, specifically, whether sunset and sunrise polarized light cues from the region of the sky near the horizon are used to calibrate the magnetic compass. We carried out orientati
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between low Apgar score in breech infants and handicap in childhood. STUDY DESIGN: A case-control study. A questionnaire to mothers of 323 non-malformed, singleton infants delivered in breech presentation at term, 105 cases with Apgar score below 7 at 5 min and 218 controls. RESULTS: Four cases (4.6%) and one control (0.5%) had cerebral palsy. In infants with
Studies suggest that skin cancer aggregates within families; however, the risk of skin cancer associated with having an affected sibling or parent by subtype, tumor site, and age at diagnosis has not been established. The 2006 update of the Swedish Family-Cancer Database was used to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), representing the ratio of cancer risk among individuals with affecte
In this paper, response surface parameters are provided that can be used to obtain critical values for an augmentation of an existing homogeneous panel data unit root test. The augmentation is performed to account for serial correlation in the disturbances. As the existing panel data unit root test is robust against cross-sectional correlation, the augmented test is robust against both cross-secti
Intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase (SMase) has physiological roles in the digestion of sphingomyelin (SM) and clinical implications in colonic carcinogenesis. In the present work, the enzyme from rat has been purified 1,589-fold with 11% recovery by elution of the intestine with bile salt, precipitation of the proteins by acetone, and several types of chromatographies. Its molecular mass was 58
A Zn(Cys)4 center has been found in the C-terminal region of the crystal structure of the anaerobic class III ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) from bacteriophage T4. The metal center is structurally related to the zinc ribbon motif and to rubredoxin and rubrerythrin. Mutant enzymes of the homologous RNR from Escherichia coli, in which the coordinating cysteines, conserved in almost all known class I
Calretinin, a neuronal protein with well-defined calcium-binding properties, has a poorly defined function. The pH dependent properties of calretinin (CR), the N-terminal (CR I-II), and C-terminal (CR III-VI) domains were investigated. A drop in pH within the intracellular range (from pH 7.5 to pH 6.5) leads to an increased hydrophobicity of calcium-bound CR and its domains as reported by fluoresc
The coarse‐grained Monte Carlo (CGMC) algorithm was originally proposed in the series of works [M. A. Katsoulakis, A. J. Majda, and D. G. Vlachos, J. Comput. Phys., 186 (2003), pp. 250–278; M. A. Katsoulakis, A. J. Majda, and D. G. Vlachos, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100 (2003), pp. 782–787; M. A. Katsoulakis and D. G. Vlachos, J. Chem. Phys., 119 (2003), pp. 9412–9427]. In this paper we further
The difficulty of obtaining pedigrees for wild populations has hampered the possibility of demonstrating inbreeding depression in nature. In a small, naturally restored, wild population of grey wolves in Scandinavia, founded in 1983, we constructed a pedigree for 24 of the 28 breeding pairs established in the period 1983-2002. Ancestry for the breeding animals was determined through a combination
Let H-1 = (V, F-1) be a collection of N pairwise vertex disjoint O(1)-spanners where the weight of an edge is equal to the Euclidean distance between its endpoints. Let H-2 = (V, F-2) be a graph on V with M edges of non-negative weight. The union of the two graphs is denoted G = (V, F-1 boolean OR F-2). We present a data structure of size O(M-2 + V log V) that answers (1 + epsilon)-approximate sho
1. Population viability models usually consider only the female segment of the population. However, random variation in sex ratio as well as the mating system may also affect variation in fitness among females. Here we develop population models incorporating demographic stochasticity in both sexes. Furthermore, we consider the effects on the estimated time to extinction and whether density regulat
