Microbial decomposers are responsible for the breakdown of organic matter (OM) and thus regulate soil carbon (C) stocks. During the decomposition of OM, microorganisms can use the assimilated C for biomass production or respire it as CO2, and the fraction of growth to total assimilation defines the microbial carbon-use efficiency (CUE). As such, CUE has direct consequences for how microbial decomp

When manufacturing firms are deciding which products to produce, it is of utmost importance that they correctly allocate costs to products. It is common practice for manufacturers to use a single model for cost allocation and management accounting and to apply it to all products and production resources. Since most organisations have different types of production processes within their operations,

Application of engineered nanomaterials for the treatment of industrial effluents and to deal with recalcitrant pollutants has been noticeably promoted in recent years. Laboratory, pilot and full-scale studies emphasize the potential of this technology to offer promising treatment options to meet the future needs for clean water resources and to comply with stringent environmental regulations. The

Biomarkers for early detection of ovarian tumors are urgently needed. Tumors of the ovary grow within cysts and most are benign. Surgical sampling is the only way to ensure accurate diagnosis, but often leads to morbidity and loss of female hormones. The present study explored the deep proteome in well-defined sets of ovarian tumors, FIGO stage I, Type 1 (low-grade serous, mucinous, endometrioid;

Non-turnover voltammetry is a sensitive tool to characterize the electrochemical properties of redox proteins. However, the catalytically competent oxidation states of most peroxidases do not display the required electrochemical reversibility. In this report, we circumvent this limitation and exploit the voltammetric response associated with the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple of tobacco peroxidase to

OBJECTIVES: Elevated plasma levels of the vasodilating hormone adrenomedullin (ADM) predict cardiovascular disease and have been associated with hypertension and obesity. We aimed to examine the independent relationship between ADM and the progression of major cardiometabolic risk factors during long-term follow-up. METHODS: We studied midregional pro-ADM (MR-proADM) in fasting plasma in 3298 part

Tapered metallic nanostructures that harbor surface plasmons are highly interesting for nanophotonic applications because of their waveguiding and field-focusing properties. Here, we developed a focused optical field induced solution synthesis for unique crystallized silver nano-needles. Under the focused laser spot, inhomogeneous Ag monomer concentration is created, which triggers the uniaxial gr

Equivalence ratio is one of the most significant parameters in combustion flow fields. In this paper, femtosecond laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (FLIPS) technique for instantaneous one-dimensional local equivalence ratio measurements were performed. By measuring the spatially resolved spectra of FLIPS, we found that the spectral peak area ratios of CH (431 nm)/N2 (337 nm), CH (431 nm)/N2 (357 n

Midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons constitute a heterogenous group of cells that have been intensely studied, not least because their degeneration causes major symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Understanding the diversity of mDA neurons - previously well characterized anatomically - requires a systematic molecular classification at the genome-wide gene expression level. Here, we use single cell RNA se

Review of Haapala, Jalava & Larsson (eds.), Making Nordic Historiography.

Background: Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) have been suggested to have a potential role in both bone loss and pain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), based on studies in vitro and in animal models. Here we addressed if anti-cyclic citrullinated (anti-CCP) antibodies were associated with osteopenia or pain in patients with RA, at the time for diagnosis. Methods: Baseline data from the BARF

Climate change vulnerability and social marginalisation are often interrelated in and through environments. Variations in climate change adaptation practice and research account for such social-ecological relations to varying degrees. Advocates of ecosystem-based approaches to climate change adaptation (EbA) claim that it delivers social co-benefits to marginalised groups, although scant empirical

Objective: To assess function using the Signals of Functional Impairment (SOFI) instrument over 8 years, to study clinical variables associated with the change, and to study change over time of the SOFI items. Methods: In total, 1,223 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from the Better Anti-Rheumatic Farmacotherapy (BARFOT) cohort (mean ± SD age 56.9 ± 15.4 years, 67% women) were include

Clinical reasoning is proposed to represent cognitive processes, skills and decision-making aspects of nursing practice and is important for quality care. It has been suggested that the reasoning processes should be practiced during education to develop decision-making competence among nurses. The aim of the study was to explore and describe clinical reasoning processes at different times during s

In this work, Scheimpflug lidar has been combined with the thermometric technique two-line atomic fluorescence, to carry out stand-off, spatially resolved temperature measurements. Indium atoms were seeded into a modified Perkin-Elmer-burner and two tunable single-mode diode lasers with their wavelengths tuned to 410.17 and 451.12 nm were used to excite the seeded atoms. The fluorescence signal wa

OBJECTIVE:: The authors sought to clarify the etiology of the association between pregnancy and reduced risk of alcohol use disorder. METHODS:: The authors used data from longitudinal population-wide Swedish medical, pharmacy, and criminal registries to evaluate whether rates of alcohol use disorder are lower during pregnancy. They compared pregnant women born between 1975 and 1992 (N=322,029) wit

The porous aquifers in the area called Challapampa are the most important groundwater reservoirs that supply drinking water to Oruro city in the highlands of Bolivia. They consist of unconsolidated fluvial–lacustrine deposits, resting on a complex sedimentary bedrock and covered by a thin surficial clay layer. The settings of these geological units and the structures governing the flow patterns ha

There are three main types of inhalers, dry powder inhalers (DPI, single and multidose), metered dose inhalers (pMDI, spray, suspension and solution), and soft mist (SMI). There are major differences in inhalation technique and handling of the different inhaler types. Different inhalers are well suited for different patients and the choice of inhaler may be crucial for the treatment outcome. It is