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Popular Abstract in English An increased risk of pre-cancer lesions of the cervix among HIV-infected women, and the positive impact of HIV treatment on its outcome has been reported globally. However there is paucity of information from west Africa with genetically distinct viral strains. Considering that HIV strains differ in the rate and pattern of HIV disease progression, a different outcome isBackground: The highest numbers of HIV-infected women are in sub- Saharan Africa, where the natural progression of HIV disease in the absence of treatment results in death before the onset of invasive cervical cancer. With improved access to treatment, several studies outside West Africa demonstrated an increased risk of pre-invasive cervical lesions among HIV-infected women and the positive impac

Spray drying is a preferred method to produce dry powder of thermally sensitive materials such as food and pharmaceuticals. Drying conditions and formulation determine primary properties such as morphology and composition that finally provide functionality such as dissolution, encapsulation and flowability. Even though spray drying is a well-established method to produce dry powder numerous challe

Popular Abstract in English Nowadays, the majority of energy production comes from combustion which is universally linked to daily human activities. Public awakening of the environmental effects of combustion pollution evokes extensive research activities in improving combustion efficiency and reducing pollutant production. Development of combustion processes also includes the use of renewable bioThe work presented in the thesis concerns the developments of laser-based diagnostics and its application to the study of turbulent premixed combustion. The diagnostic developments, mainly concerned with planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF), are intended to provide instantaneous visualization of the key species originating from the combustion processes involved in the burning of hydrocarbons

This study investigates volatility spillover between the prices of electricity at Nord Pool, carbon emission allowances in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and tradable green certificates (TGC) in the Swedish-Norwegian TGC market. ETS and TGC schemes are market-based policies with the overlapping goals of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and stimulating sustainable energy investments. A

In recent years, plastic waste trade has received increasing attention due to huge amounts ending up in countries with high rates of mismanaged plastic waste and the environmental damage of plastic pollution. The EU has been exporting plastic waste to China for recycling purposes due to insufficient domestic recycling capacities, until 2018, when China decided to ban all imports of plastic waste.

In this critical idea-analysis of the relation between Sweden and the Nordic Council the author sifts out two construcions of identity and tests if there is a discrepancy to be found between what the member state grows within its borders and also sign by being a part of the nordic cooperation. In this study the analysis dive into the origins of scandinavism and nordism and discover touching points

This study utilises Correspondence Analysis to investigate the subsistence strategies of Scandinavia's Middle Neolithic Culture of the Pitted Ware Culture (PWC). The aim is to understand subsistence strategies' regional and local expressions across larger geographic areas. The studied material is derived from PWC settlements in Gotland, Åland, Central-Eastern Sweden, and South Scandinavia.

This research aims to enhance the current literature on meaningful work by gaining a deeper understanding of the effects of remote working on the perception of meaningful work. Set in the interpretive tradition, our research includes a qualitative case study in a single organisation and pursues an abductive approach. To understand how meaningful work is affected when working remotely, we collecte

This thesis studies three ideas represented in the political work Rukhnama written by Türkmenbaşy, the former totalitarian dictator of Turkmenistan. Using the theories of Anderson in Imagined communities, with the method of descriptive idea analysis, it comes to the conclusion that the work represents a heavily authoritarian ideology with its basis in a family structure. The family structure is pa

Since the demand on ready-to-eat (RTE) and raw, minimally processed products is high and increasing in today´s market, the microbial quality is important. One of these products is RTE salads and salads mixes that are bagged and since it is supposed to be eaten raw without any step to reduce the microbial load, these types of products are considered to be risk foods and that the risk of foodborne oThe all year around available ready-to-eat salad are increasing in popularity, and parallel with this, vegetable-derived foodborne illness outbreaks as well. Can a too long shelf life for these products be part of the problem? During recent years the focus on healthy diets and lifestyles has increased. Vegetables and fruits are important to include in meals and are a part in many modern health die

The aim of this essay is to explain which conditions may lay behind the emergence of the political consumer, focusing on globalization, individualism and the increase of consumerism as a result of the rise of global political issues such as climate change. Thereafter, the portrayal of this transition will be investigated in Swedish media by comparing debate articles considering environmental and c

Recent studies focusing on the analysis of emissions embodied in trade have shown that high-income countries are increasingly becoming net importers of emissions. This is commonly explained by the economies’ changing trade specialization in heavy and light industrial goods. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and compare the trade specialization patterns of twelve Anglophone and Nordic co

The importance of sustainable and effective energy usage is rapidly growing. SWEP International AB leads the manufacturing of brazed plate heat exchangers that offer effective heating and cooling applications used in various systems and industries. Stud bolts are manually welded onto the heat exchanger surface in their manufacturing process. A project to fully automate this process using an indust

This thesis aims to study how voluntarily childfree women express identity in a Swedish society defined by pronatalist norms. Previous research has portrayed childfree individuals as marginalized, stigmatized, and even as an invisible group in Western society. The purpose of this study is to explore evolving narratives by analysing voluntarily childfree women's expression and construction of i

This master’s thesis analysed sustainable development policies in China’s 11th Five-Year Plan and sustainable development considerations at the building of the Bui Dam in Ghana. The theory section discusses and defines sustainable development, and in the method section, ‘ideal-types’ of economic, social and environmental development were developed. These ideal-types were then used as reference poi

We compare 17 exchange-traded funds (ETF) traded on the New York Stock Exchange benchmarking European indices and Asian indices. Over the five-year period of 2006-04-05 to 2011-04-05, with the additional focus being on the financial crisis stretching from 2007-08-01 to 2009-02-27, we evaluate the ETFs performance and ability in tracking their benchmark indices through extreme volatile periods. Our