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Popular Abstract in Swedish Graviditetsdiabetes (GD) är en sjukdom utan någon allmänt erkänd definition och vars prognos för kvinnan och hennes foster/barn är omdiskuterad. Därför har det från etisk synpunkt ifrågasatts om man verkligen ska försöka identifiera den. Rapporter har dock angivit ökad risk att få stora barn för tiden och ökad perinatal dödlighet vid graviditetsdiabetes samt att dessa kGestational diabetes (GD) is still a nonentity disease. There is no worldwide consensus how to define it or whether it is harmful to the woman or fetus. Therefore, from an ethical point of view, it is uncertain whether one should try to identify it. Since 1991, all pregnant women in Lund are offered a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 27 – 28 weeks of pregnancy. In Sweden, the definition o

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sammanfattning på svenska Avhandlingen är en sammanläggningsavhandling, bestående av fem delarbeten. I avhandlingen studeras yrkesrelaterad muskelvärk (myalgi) i kappmuskeln (trapezius) ur framförallt morfologiska, histopatologiska och elektromyografiska aspekter hos en förhållande stor grupp av försökspersoner. Försökspersonerna består av städerskor med och utan yrkesrPathomechanisms of work-related myalgia are poorly understood. Myalgia is caused by exitation of nociceptors present in the muscular tissue but not in the muscle fibres themselves. Morphological analysis can contribute to knowledge of excitation of nociceptors. Surface EMG is a widely used method in the research field of ergonomics. Knowledge of influence of myalgia, occupation, age and intrinsic

While once abstruse, 14-3-3 proteins are now well known as players in several cellular processes. These processes range from apoptosis and mitosis in mammals and yeast, to regulation of primary metabolism in plants. To date, 104 proteins have been shown to interact with 14-3-3s of which 85 are found in mammals and yeast, and 21 are found in plants. Their consensus action is to bind to phosphorylat

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling sammanfattar studier av en ny biologisk markör för påvisande av alkoholmissbruk. Alkoholmissbruk är ett omfattande hälsoproblem i många delar av världen och Sverige är inte på något sätt undantaget. Man har beräknat att ca 15% av alla män och 10% av alla kvinnor i detta land står för hälften av all alkoholkonsumtion. Det föreligger alltså en onormal förBiological markers offer a way of assessing ethanol intake and determining whether a health problem is alcohol related. This study investigated the use of phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in blood as a new marker of alcohol abuse. PEth is an abnormal phospholipid, formed only in the presence of ethanol via the transphosphatidylation reaction of phospholipase D (PLD). A new HPLC-evaporative light scatter

Background: Ischaemia and local protease activation close to the pancreaticojejunal anastomosis (PJA) are potential mechanisms of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) formation. To provide information on the pathophysiology of POPF, intraperitoneal microdialysis was used to monitor metabolic changes and protease activation close to the PJA after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Methods: In patient

Objective: To evaluate whether upregulation of liver and muscle uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) is an acute phenomenon in obstructive jaundice and associated with secondary metabolic effects. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups bile duct ligated (BDL) and sham-operated pair-fed (PF), ad libitum fed (AL), and controls BDL. PF. and AL rats were further divided into subgroups

Manufacturing pasta is a rather well known process, but it is still challenging to tailor pasta products with new raw materials. In this study, we evaluated the effects of raw materials on the microstructure and water distribution in cooked pasta using H-1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as bright field and polarized light microscopy. The MRI parameters initial intensity (I-0) and transve

BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (BPs) regulate cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, and may have a role in the aetiology of various cancers. Information on their role in pancreatic cancer is limited and was examined here in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. METHODS: Serum conc

Background: Few studies have investigated the 24-hour symptom profile in patients with COPD or how symptoms during the 24-hour day are inter-related. This observational study assessed the prevalence, severity and relationship between night-time, early morning and daytime COPD symptoms and explored the relationship between 24-hour symptoms and other patient-reported outcomes. Methods: The study enr

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) conducted in Asian populations have identified novel risk loci for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, we genotyped 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in eight such loci and investigated their disease associations in three independent Caucasian SLE case-control cohorts recruited from Sweden, Finland and the United States. The disease asso

The FACET (Formoterol and Corticosteroid Establishing Therapy) study established that there is a clear clinical benefit in adding formoterol to budesonide therapy in patients who have persistent symptoms of asthma despite treatment with low to moderate doses of an inhaled corticosteroid. We combined the clinical results from the FACET study with an expert survey on average resource use in connecti

The aim of the study was to evaluate messenger RNA and protein expression in limited amounts of tissue with low protein content. The Chomczynski method was used for simultaneous extraction of RNA, and protein was modified in the protein isolation step. Template mass and cycling time for the complementary DNA synthesis step of real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for a

Aim To investigate whether nurses could be a useful tool for improving the reporting rate of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Furthermore, we wanted to study how physicians working at the study departments would respond to nurses as reporters of ADRs and if the reporting from the nurses affected the reporting rate from the physicians. Methods Three departments of internal medicine and one unit for o

Infantile colic is causing pain and trouble to infants and their parents. Acupuncture is used to relieve the symptoms but is not scientifically tested as treatment for infantile colic. In this study the experiences of parents, whose 68 babies have got acupuncture, were investigated. The way the parents described their babies behaviour and feeding patterns was analysed with content analysis at a ma

objectives: To assess the level of infectious complications and the impact of timing of a single, prophylactic, oral dose of ciprofloxacin 750 mg given either 2 hours before or in conjunction with ultrasound -guided core biopsy of the prostate in men without recognised risk factors and to analyse potential risk factors. Methods: All men undergoing prostate biopsy for elevated prostate specific ant

The agricultural intensification strategies represented by the Green Revolution have since the mid-1960s had a very positive impact on food-grain production in Asia. Presently, however, a post-Green Revolution phase of declining growth in output and productivity is experienced in many of the areas where intensification took place. Partly, this can be explained by a number of environmental problems

We report on the solar-light-mediated degradation of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and triethyl phosphate (TEP) on hematite and goethite nanoparticles in synthetic air. Adsorption and photoreactions of TMP and TEP were studied by in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) on dry and water-precovered nanoparticles in dark and under simulated solar light irradiation. Tw

Patterns of ploidy variation among and within populations can provide valuable insights into the evolutionary mechanisms shaping the dynamics of plant systems showing ploidy diversity. Whereas data on majority ploidies are, by definition, often sufficiently extensive, much less is known about the incidence and evolutionary role of minority cytotypes. Ploidy and proportions of endoreplicated genome

To update the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) risk model. A dedicated website collected prospective risk and outcome data on 22 381 consecutive patients undergoing major cardiac surgery in 154 hospitals in 43 countries over a 12-week period (May-July 2010). Completeness and accuracy were validated during data collection using mandatory field entry, error and range