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Popular Abstract in Swedish Förbränning är den viktigaste energikällan på jorden och en ökad förståelse av förbränningsprocesser är väsentlig för att minska miljöfarliga utsläpp och för att öka effektiviteten av förbränningsanläggningar och motorer. För detta ändamål är det viktigt att bestämma bl. a. koncentrationer av ämnen som bildas under förbränningen. Laserbaserade mätmetoder möjliggör berörCombustion is the most important source of energy worldwide. A better understanding of it is essential if pollutant emissions are to be reduced and combustion devices be made more efficient. This requires measurement of physical and chemical combustion parameters. Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is widely employed as a laser-diagnostic technique for the detection of combustion species but it suff

Cobalt silicide has emerged as a leading contact material in silicon technology due to its low resistivity, high stability and small lattice mismatch. In this study, 0.2-0.4 mu m thick Co films were deposited on Si(100) wafers by RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature, and annealed at temperatures from 600 to 900 degrees C in vacuum. As-deposited and annealed samples were characterized by Rut

Objective A common threonine481serine polymorphism (T481S) has been shown in vitro to strongly activate the chloride channel Kb (CLC-Kb) expressed in the kidney, and the 481S allele has been associated with human hypertension. The study aim was to evaluate the association of the T481 S polymorphism with blood pressure (BP) levels and the BP progression rate in Swedes. Design and methods The cardio

Popular Abstract in Swedish Infektionssjukdomar är lika vanliga hos fiskar som hos alla andra djur. Dessa infektioner kan orsakas av virus, bakterier samt eukaryota organismer som svamp och protozoer. I naturliga fiskpopulationer utgör detta ett litet problem men får stora ekonomiska konsekvenser i fiskodlingar eftersom ett stort antal fiskar kan infekteras på kort tid och i värsta fall dö, ca 10 Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is a Birnavirus that infects salmonid fish. The infection is usually mortal for fish under six months of age, while older fish become carriers, usually without any signs of infection, and will spread the virus to other susceptible fish and to their offspring. IPNV is an icosahedral, naked virion and the genome consists of two segments of double-stranded

Popular Abstract in Swedish All materia består av atomer. Avhandlingen du just nu läser är uppbyggd av atomer; till och med du själv är uppbyggd av atomer. En kemist är intresserad av vilka atomer som hänger ihop för att bilda molekyler och hur dessa molekyler kan sammanfogas till fasta material. Man kan likna det vid att molekylerna är en byggsten som då de sammanfogas bildar en byggnadskonstruktHow do molecules arrange themselves in a crystal? It is today not possible to definite predict the three-dimensional packing arrangement of molecules in the crystalline solid state. The aim of the work presented in this thesis has been to gain more knowledge of what principles that govern molecular packing. Platinum(II) complexes have been chosen as model system since these compounds are stable,

Popular Abstract in Swedish Studier av cystatin C's funktion in vitro och in vivo.Cystatin C variants with Arg8, Leu9 and/or Val10 replaced by Gly residues were produced by site-directed mutagenesis and E. coli expression. Their interactions with the target proteases, cathepsin B, L, H and S, were studied in vitro in order to provide basic structure-function information of use in the design of specific inhibitors for therapeutic use. Val10 was shown to be the most contributing

Background: Although cardiovascular disease is thouht to be common in cirrhosis, there are no systematic investigations on the prevalence of electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in these patients and data on the occurrence of post-transplant cardiac events in comparison with the general population are lacking. We aimed to study the prevalence and predictors of ECG abnormalities in patients wit

Background and purpose Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SPONK) is a painful lesion in the elderly, frequently leading to osteoarthritis and subsequent knee surgery. We evaluated the natural course and long-term consequences of SPONK in terms of need for major knee surgery. Methods Between 1982 and 1988, 40 consecutive patients were diagnosed with SPONK. The short-term outcome has been report

The management of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) has evolved with the introduction of adjuvant therapy. Recently reported results of the SSG XVIII/AIO trial by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) and the German Working Group on Medical Oncology (AIO) represent a significant change in the evidence for adjuvant therapy duration. The objectives of this European Expert Panel meeting

Objective To determine if the prediction of the Malignancy of all adnexal mass using pattern recognition, i.e. subjective evaluation of gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound findings, is as accurate when based on static images as it is when based on a real-time ultrasound examination. Methods The static images of 166 non-consecutive patients with 'difficult' adnexal masses, who all underwent surgery a

In this paper, the automatically generated mechanism for hexadecane with both high and low temperature chemistry included is compared to a systematically generated mechanism by hand. In contrast to other systems for automatic generation, the REACTION system uses pathways to organize the application of reaction classes. A pathway is a sequence of reaction classes where only those species produced b

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to test the General Motor Function Assessment Scale (GMF) for content and criterion validity in geriatric home-rehabilitation. Furthermore, the GMF was analysed with respect to sensitivity, distribution, and for floor and ceiling effects. Method. Content validity was explored by questionnaires circulated to ten experts in the field of geriatrics. Three assess

Background: Pancreatic cancer and other pancreaticobiliary type periampullary adenocarcinomas have a dismal prognosis even after resection and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Intestinal type periampullary adenocarcinomas generally have a better prognosis, but little is known on optimal neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment. New prognostic and treatment predictive biomarkers are needed for improved treatmen

Objectives To determine the frequency and nature of erroneous transfer of medication information (medication errors) upon admission to hospital and to study the effect of medication reconciliation. Methods Included patients were 65years of age or older, were living in nursing homes or in their own home with care provided by the community nursing system and had been admitted to hospital. The patien

Background: The effects on left and right ventricular (LV, RV) volumes during physical exercise remains controversial. Furthermore, no previous study has investigated the effects of exercise on longitudinal contribution to stroke volume (SV) and the outer volume variation of the heart. The aim of this study was to determine if LV, RV and total heart volumes (THV) as well as cardiac pumping mechani

To determine whether familial risk of cancer is limited to early onset cases. Nationwide prospective cohort study. SETTING : Nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database. All Swedes born after 1931 and their biological parents, totalling >12.2 million individuals, including >1.1 million cases of first primary cancer. Familial risks of the concordant cancers by age at diagnosis. The highest familial r

The vertical positions of four dinoflagellate species in three 48 h periods in late summer in a Swedish fjord (the Gullmar Fjord) reflect changes to the depth of the halocline. During stable, stratified conditions, the chlorophyll a maximum exhibited a diurnal migration pattern, which was disrupted when the halocline was forced closer to the surface by the inflow of more saline water. While condit

PURPOSE: To report the change over time in intraocular pressure in patients treated with topical timolol or placebo.METHODS: Ninety patients with untreated ocular hypertension, defined as elevated intraocular pressure and normal visual fields, were randomly assigned to treatment and prospectively observed at 3-month intervals for up to 10 years in a double-masked fashion. The study end point was o