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Popular Abstract in Swedish Typ 2-diabetiker: söt som socker och rik på fett Det finns flera olika varianter av diabetes och den mest förekommande är typ 2-diabetes (T2D). T2D kallades förr i dagligt tal åldersdiabetes, men numera drabbas individer i alla åldrar. Sjukdomen kännetecknas av förhöjda nivåer av socker och fett i blodet, vilket beror på att kroppens celler har en nedsatt förmåga att tType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by altered lipid parameters and elevated glucose levels, as a direct consequence of impaired insulin signaling in target tissues and reduced insulin exocytosis from pancreatic β-cells. Obesity, which dramatically increases worldwide, is associated with insulin resistance and T2D. In this thesis, we elucidate the effects of hormones and

In a large multicentre sample of cognitively normal subjects, as a function of age, gender and APOE genotype, we studied the frequency of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid levels of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers including: total tau, phosphorylated tau and amyloid-β1-42. Fifteen cohorts from 12 different centres with either enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or Luminex® measurements were selected for

High-spin states of the isotopes In-103,In-105,In-107,In-109 have been investigated using in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopic methods. Results from three different experiments are presented. Targets of Fe-54, Cr-50, and Mo-92 were bombarded by a 270 and 261 MeV Ni-58 beam and by a 95 MeV F-19 beam, respectively. Reaction channel separation was achieved with a charged-particle detector array and in the

Popular Abstract in Swedish För att en organism ska fungera är det nödvändigt att alla de celler som bygger upp organismen kommunicerar med varandra. Denna kommunikation sker genom att speciella proteiner på cellens yta, s.k. receptorer, tar emot signaler från andra celler. G-proteinkopplade receptorer (GPCR) är den vanligaste typen av receptorer. Då en signalmolekyl binder till en GPCR ändrar deIn all higher organisms, there is a need for intercellular communication. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), located on the cell surface, play an important role in this communication. Cells synthesize and release signalling molecules (ligands), which produce a specific response only in those cells that have a receptor for that ligand. The total number of GPCRs is estimated to be around 800 where

The study examines a hitherto neglected genre in Swedish poetry of the 17th and 18th centuries: the animal epitaph. From 1670 to 1760 a considerable number of such poems were composed by several of the leading poets of the day. Besides tracing the history of the genre back to its origins in the ancient Greek epigram, I am chiefly concerned with the functions that the writing of such epigrams had i

The first part of the investigation is related to the heat transfer and fluid flow problem inside ribbed ducts with a square cross section. The typical applications of this problem are in the cooling of gas turbine blades and guiding vanes. The second part is related to application of intercoolers in gas turbine systems. The intercooling is performed via intercoolers that usually are water-air hea

Architects design work sometimes originates from a simplified view of human demands and needs, which may result in environments that do not fulfill the users requirements. This thesis refers to five different case studies where the affected users were involved in the creation of their dwellings or working environment. The issue of the thesis is that participatory design creates environments which

Neutron deficient nuclei close to Sn-100 have been studied using the NORDBALL Ge-detector array together with ancillary particle detectors. Evaporation residues from the compound nucleus Te-108 were identified with charged particle and neutron detectors. In this paper a considerable extension of the level scheme of the nucleus Cd-102 is presented. The strongest cascade of the new level scheme reve

Lignocellulose constitutes a vast renewable resource for the production of, for example, paper and bioethanol. The potential of using laccase and oxalate-degrading enzymes in novel applications for the processing of lignocellulose was investigated in this work. Laccase cDNAs from the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor were characterised and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastor

Ion beam methods are used to analyse material (Ion Beam Analysis, IBA) and to modify the target (Ion Beam Modification of Materials, IBMM). In this thesis, ion beams have been used in various IBA techniques to investigate the surface nanometre structures, and also in an ion beam synthesis (IBS) technique to form thin films and to modify material properties. The work is divided into two main parts:

The subject of this dissertation is the regulation of banks. The enquiry is built around three overreaching research questions:1. What is a bank?2. Why do banks have to be regulated?3. How should banks be regulated? Each of these three questions is dedicated a separate and comprehensive section, each consisting of several chapters. Even though the subject is jurisprudence, the perspective of the

Popular Abstract in Swedish Recenta dödismiljöer framför Brúarjökull-glaciären på Island och Holmströmbreen på Svalbard har undersökts med speciellt fokus på landforms- och sedimentgenes samt kvantifiering av dödisavsmältningen. Fältmätningar, studier av tidsserier av flyg? och satellitbilder samt digitala terrängmodeller är dataunderlaget för kvantifieringen av dödisavsmältningen. SedimentologiskModern dead-ice environments in the glacier forefields of Brúarjökull, Iceland and Holmströmbreen, Svalbard were investigated with focus on landform and sediment genesis, as well as quantification of melting. Field monitoring and studies of multi-temporal aerial photographs, satellite imagery, and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) provided data for the melting quantification. Sedimentological and ge

Den 1 januari 2014 infördes de svenska reglerna om forskning och utveckl-ing. Reglerna infördes mot bakgrund av den positiva effekten innovation en-ligt nationalekonomisk teori anses ha på tillväxt, och att ett skattemässigt inci-tament förväntas leda till ökade investeringar i FoU. Det svenska FoU-avdraget är idag utformat som en direkt nedsättning av ar-betsgivaravgifterna och den allmänna löneThe Swedish rules on research and development were introduced on January 1, 2014, against the backdrop of the positive impact that innovation according to economic theory is considered to have on growth, and the expectation that a tax incentive would lead to increased investments in R&D. The Swedish R&D tax credit is designed as a direct reduction of employer’s social security contribution

Scope: This European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases guideline provides evidence-based recommendations to support a selection of appropriate antibiotic use practices for patients seen in the emergency department (ED) and guidance for their implementation. The topics addressed in this guideline are (a) Do biomarkers or rapid pathogen tests improve antibiotic prescribing and

The social sciences have many different understandings of ‘normative power’, but in European Union (EU) studies normative power has three particular meanings. The first meaning of normative power is its emphasis on normative theory, that is, how we judge and justify truth claims in social science. The second meaning of normative power is as a form of power that is ideational rather than material o

Background: In prostate cancer (PCa), questions remain on indications for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and PSMA radioligand therapy, integration of advanced imaging in nomogram-based decision-making, dosimetry, and development of new theranostic applications. Objective: We aimed to critically review developments in molecular hybrid imaging an

Background and aimImproving the quality of health care is a global priority, yet many conventional quality improvement approaches, rooted in industrial models of standardisation and control, struggle to account for the uncertainty and complexity of clinical care. Trauma, defined as external injury and the body's physiological response, causes about 4.4 million deaths each year. The impact is great