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En oligopolistisk marknad kännetecknas ofta av att det föreligger ett ömsesidigt beroendeförhållande mellan företagen som är verksamma på marknaden. Detta innebär att ett företags uppträdande på marknaden får effekter också för de övriga företagen och att varje enskilt företag måste beakta de andra företagens förväntade reaktion innan det beslutar hur det ska agera på marknaden. Som en konsekvens An oligopolistic market is often characterized by the fact that there is a relationship of interdependence existing between the oligopolists. This means that the market behavior of an undertaking affects the other undertakings as well and that each undertaking has to take the other undertakings anticipated reaction into account before deciding its own course of action on the market. As a consequen

More than Products : A discourse analytical study of the vindicating and convicting dictums from the Swedish Advertising Ombudsman In society today we are exposed to more advertising than ever before. In Sweden the design of advertisements are regulated in part by laws and in part by a self-regulating system called the Swedish Advertising Ombudsman. Amongst other things, the Swedish Advertising O

I takt med den digitala utvecklingen i samhället samt den nya eIDAS-förordningen som ersätter det tidigare signaturdirektivet och signaturlagen genom vilket direktivet implementerades, väcks intresset för elektroniska underskrifter och de möjligheter dessa erbjuder. Mot en sådan bakgrund syftar denna uppsats till att utreda hur elektroniska underskrifter fungerar och vad den nya förordningen innebThe digital development in society and the new eIDAS regulation which is replacing the current eSignature directive and the Swedish law on electronic signatures through which the directive is implemented, raises the interest for electronic signatures and the possibilities these provide. In this context this essay aims to analyse the functions of electronic signatures and which impact the new regul

Inom svensk arbetsrätt är (SFS 1982:80) lagen om anställningsskydd den centrala lagstiftningen som reglerar anställningsform och hur en uppsägning får ske. Arbetstagaren har turordningsreglerna i 22§ Lag om anställningsskydd som skydd och i det anciennitetsprincipen (senioritetsprincipen), då arbetsgivaren anfört arbetsbrist inom verksamheten som uppsägningsskäl. Turordningsreglerna har varit In Swedish labor law (SFS 1982: 80), the Employment Protection Act is the central legislation that regulates the form of employment and how a termination may take place. The employee has the rules of priority in section 22 of the Employment Protection Act as protection and in the seniority principle, when the employer cites lack of work as a reason for termination. The rules of priority have been

Thesis Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the phenomenon of blands – A rise of brands that potentially adhere to a similar blueprint while claiming to be disruptive, unique and extraordinary. Moreover, this thesis aims to create an understanding of how consumers perceive blands as well as well as how value is created. Methodology: The methodology takes a social constructivist stan

Cities are experiencing substantial population growth, they generate about 80 percent of global GDP and they are in power of local legislation. This makes them crucial actors in facing sustainability challenges. A framework that allows for a holistic approach to sustainability is the triple bottom line, which advocates for joint consideration of social,economic, and environmental development. In p

Dwarf galaxies are a key component in understanding the evolution of galaxies and provide tests on the standard cosmological $\Lambda$ Cold Dark Matter model. According to the formation hierarchy, dwarf galaxies are the pieces that create all galaxies. Our current understanding of dwarf galaxies faces discrepancies between theory and observations. These problems are mostly due to incompleteness in

Under processen före och efter antagandet av Digital Markets Act (DMA) har det uppstått diskussioner om förordningens förhållande till förbudet mot missbruk av dominerande ställning i artikel 102 FEUF. Ett orosmoln är tillämpligheten av principen om ne bis in idem. DMA ska tillämpas utan att det påverkar tillämpningen av artikel 102 FEUF, vilket innebär att ett företag kan omfattas av skyldigheterDuring and after the adoption of the Digital Markets Act (DMA), concerns have been raised regarding the regulation’s relationship with the prohibition on abuse of dominant position in Article 102 TFEU. One possible concern regards the principle of ne bis in idem. The DMA is to be applied without prejudice to Article 102 TFEU. It is thus possible for an undertaking to be subject to obligations impo

The majority of the coastal area of Scania is highly susceptible to sediment transportation. Due to various influences which are both human induced and natural, the morphology of coastal dunes often alters. Therefore, it is important to assess these changes, especially after major cyclonic storms such as the storm Babet in order to get a comprehensive understanding of the aftermath. The purpose of

Over 30 % of all deaths worldwide are related to cardiovascular diseases and they are the leading cause of death. Therefore, research into treatment, diagnosis and prognostication of these diseases are of critical importance. One way to examine the cardiovascular system is through the use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The aim of this thesis is to create a model using the Deep Learning arc

Sammanfattning Hemlig rumsavlyssning är exempel på statens tvångsmakt gentemot den enskilde. Det kan åsamka betydande skada i enskildas personliga integritet men är trots det ett viktigt och slagkraftigt element, i polisens brottsutredande verksamhet. Hemlig rumsavlyssning intar en särställning bland de hemliga tvångsmedlen, då omfattande uppgifter rörande enskildas privatliv insamlas. Utöver uppgSummary Secret coercive measures such as bugging, is an example of the state's coercive power over the individual. It may cause great damage to the personal integrity of the individuals but is nonetheless an important and powerful element, in controlling and solving serious criminal activity. The use of bugging is particularly intrusive, since extensive information concerning the privacy of i

This essay is about reading among patients in hospital. The aim of the essay is to find out what part reading and the library play for patients in hospital. An additional aim is to find out in what ways the collaboration between hospital librarians and hospital staff could be developed. The starting-point of the problem is one main question: What part does reading play for the patient during the s

In 21 century, with the trend of globalization, both large and small organizations are facing an environment characterized by extremely high level of competition. In order to be competitive, China's managers are endeavouring to try every effort to improve employees' performance within sound organizational culture, thus to improve organizations' competence. Yet as a matter of fact, sinc

Hanteringen av barn som begår brott är ett allt mer omdiskuterat ämne, särskilt mot bakgrund av den markanta ökningen av grova våldsbrott som begås av barn under 18 år. Samtidigt som svensk gällande rätt traditionellt präglats av principen att barn inte ska fängslas, har allt fler unga frihetsberövats. Detta aktualiserar både rättsliga och etiska frågor om hur samhället bör agera när barn begår alThe treatment of children who commit crimes is an increasingly debated topic, particularly in light of a marked increase in serious violent crimes com- mitted by children under 18. While Swedish law has traditionally been char- acterized by the principle that children should not be imprisoned, the reality is that more and more young people are being deprived of their liberty. This raises both lega

Sverige blev en officiell medlem i Europeiska åklagarmyndigheten (EPPO) i juli 2024. Samarbetet innebär en stor förändring för svensk straffprocessrätt, då rättsväsendet nu behöver anpassas till att ett EU-organ har behörighet att vidta straffrättsliga åtgärder i Sverige. Förändringen är särskilt påtaglig för en åklagares utredning och lagföring av brott som skulle kunna omfattas av EPPO:s behörigSweden became an official member of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office (the ‘EPPO’) in July of 2024. Joining the EPPO represents a major change for Swedish procedural criminal proceedings, as the judicial system needs to adapt to the fact that an EU body now has direct authority to take actions related to crimes within Sweden’s jurisdiction. This change is particularly apparent in relation to

This thesis presents methods for improving the accuracy and efficiency of tasks performed using different kinds of industrial manipulators, with a focus on the application of machining. Industrial robots offer a flexible and cost-efficient alternative to machine tools for machining, but cannot achieve as high accuracy out of the box. This is mainly caused by non-ideal properties in the robot joint

The overarching aim of this thesis was to contribute to the existing knowledge on the use of assistive devices in everyday life, by adding the perspective of very old single living people in a European context, namely Latvia and Sweden. The aim was to investigate the socio-demographics and environmental and health aspects that impact on device use in the two national contexts. A further aim was to

Fungal (acetate-in-ergosterol incorporation) and bacterial (leucine/thymidine incorporation) growth resulting from alfalfa (C/N = 15) and barley straw (C/N = 75) addition was studied in soil microcosms for 64 days. Nitrogen amendments were used to compensate for the C/N difference between the substrates. Fungal growth increased to a maximum after 3–7 days, at five to eight times the controls, foll

We report on a single-molecule readout scheme on total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) demonstrating a detection limit in the low fM regime for short (30-mer) unlabeled DNA strands. Detection of unlabeled DNA targets is accomplished by letting them mediate the binding of suspended fluorescently labeled DNA-modified small unilamellar vesicles (Ø approximately 100 nm) to a DNA-mo