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OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible associations between socioeconomic status, occupation, and hospitalization for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).METHODS: A nationwide database was constructed by linking the Swedish Census to the Hospital Discharge Register in order to obtain data on all first hospitalizations for RA in Sweden during the study period 1964 to 2004. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a widely expressed neuropeptide that has been involved in nerve regeneration, neurone survival and nociception. In this study, the distribution of PACAP and PACAP-receptors were investigated in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG), spinal cord and medulla oblongata at 3, 7 or 14 days following unilateral sciatic nerve transection using immunoh

Background: The rising prevalence of obesity represents an important public health issue. An assessment of its costs may be useful in providing recommendations for policy and decision makers. This systematic review aimed to assess the economic burden of obesity and to identify, measure and describe the different obesity-related diseases included in the selected studies. Methods: A systematic liter

It is important to study the factors affecting estimates of wetness since wetness is crucial in climate change studies. The availability of digital elevation models (DEMs) generated with high resolution data is increasing, and their use is expanding. LIDAR earth elevation data have been used to create several DEMs with different resolutions, using various interpolation parameters, in order to comp

Background: Both the number and the proportion of elderly people in the society increase. The number of elderly subjects with a disability due to a disease has decreased resulting in more active elderly. Therefore, an increase in numbers of injury in the elderly population can be expected; a hypothesis that was investigated in the present study. Methods: Two-hundred sixteen patients with an age of

The effect of electron-beam patterning on the water uptake and ionic conductivity of Nafion films using a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, quartz crystal microbalance studies, neutron reflectometry, and impedance spectroscopy is reported. The aim is to further characterize the nanoscale patterned Nafion structures recently used as a key element in novel ion-to-electron transducers

The world's legal professions have undergone dramatic changes in the 30 years since publication of the landmark three-volume Lawyers in Society, which launched comparative sociological studies of lawyers. This is the first of two volumes in which scholars from a wide range of disciplines, countries and cultures document and analyse those changes.The present volume presents reports on 46 countries,

The purpose of this article is to analyze and compare some of the popular, and yet marginalized apocalyptic narratives in contemporary Muslim and Christian thought. Obviously, the two traditions have many things in common and yet there is an apparent antagonism between them. In order to further investigate into the tensions between Muslim and Christian apocalypticism, this article will focus on ho

The RF power amplifier is one of the most critical blocks of transceivers, as it is expected to provide a suitable output power with high gain, efficiency and linearity. In this paper, a 60-GHz power amplifier based on an injection locked structure is demonstrated in a standard 65 CMOS technology. The PA core consists of a cross-coupled pair of NMOS transistors with an NMOS current source. This st

Background:The research of social science tends in many cases lean towards an approach that focus on negatively influencing factors, rather than health promoting factors from a salutogenic perspective. In the field of criminology, this approach commonly investigates reasons behind criminal behavior instead of studying the salutogenic factors, i.e. reasons why people do not engage in a criminal lif

Denna uppsats behandlar tidigare förhör som bevis i brottmål och undersöker frågan om när tidigare förhör får föredras som bevis i domstol, tidigare förhörs upptagningsformer och om man kan lita på att de är korrekta samt bevisvärderingen av tidigare förhör. Vittnen, målsägande och tilltalade i brottmål behöver i Sverige som huvudregel framträda personligen för muntliga förhör i domstol. I rätteThis thesis examines the use of previous questionings as evidence in criminal trials and explores when previous questionings are allowed to be presented as evidence in trial, the form of how previous questionings are recorded and if you can trust in their correctness as well as the evidence evaluation of previous questionings. In criminal trials in Sweden; witnesses, injured parties and defendan

Denna uppsats behandlar problematiken rörande surrogat av blandad karaktär, det vill säga sådan ersättningsegendom som finansieras delvis genom makes giftorättsgods, delvis genom dennes enskilda egendom. Syftet är att utreda huruvida delningsprincipen, där surrogategendomen delas upp proportionellt i de två egendomsslagen, eller huvudsaklighetsprincipen, vilken innebär att hela surrogatet klassifiThis thesis explores the challenge concerning mixed substitute property, meaning property acquired partly through the marital property of a spouse, partly through their separate property. The purpose is to investigate whether such property should be classified as both separate and marital, split proportionally, or as either separate or marital in entirety when division of property between spouses

Through a case study of H&Ms equestrian sponsorship this study aims to investigate the communicative aspects of sports sponsorships targeting a young audience, as well as its impact on the core values of children’s and youth sports in the Swedish society. Furthermore, this study intends to investigate and create further knowledge on how elite athletes are used by commercial businesses in order

The aim of this study has been to examine what former criminal women have experienced as contributing and challenging in desistance from crime. The study and its results are based on six qualitative semi-structured interviews with former criminal women. We have used a thematic analysis in order to analyze the empiricism and the result of this study. The result of this study shows six themes that h

Med en befolkning på cirka 30 miljoner människor är kurderna den fjärde största etniska gruppen i Mellanöstern. Trots detta har kurderna inte sin egen självständiga stat vilket gör dem till en minoritetsgrupp i Turkiet, Irak, Iran och Syrien. Eftersom kurderna är utspridda över fyra olika stater är det av intresse att undersöka hur de hänvisar till varandra i förhållande till idén om att ha en suvWith a population of around 30 million people, the Kurds are the fourth largest ethnic group in the Middle East. Despite this, the Kurds do not have their own independent state which makes them a minority group in Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria. Since the Kurds are scattered over four different states it is of interest to examine how they refer to each other in relation to the idea of having an inde

Den svenska stiftelsen är av mycket gammalt ursprung, och idag ryms flera vitt skilda stiftelsetyper inom stiftelsebegreppet. Bland dessa utmärker sig den näringsdrivande stiftelsen. Trots att stiftelsen inte är en association kan den bedriva näringsverksamhet, antingen direkt genom stiftelsen, eller indirekt via näringsdrivande dotterbolag. Under det senaste halvseklet har den näringsdrivande stiThe Swedish foundation (Sw: stiftelse) is of old origin, and today the concept comprises several different types of foundations, among which the enterprise foundation stands out. Though the foundation is not a form of business entity, it can still carry out commercial activities, either directly through the foundation in its own name, or indirectly via subsidiary companies. During the last half-ce

Sammanfattning Det immaterialrättsliga ersättningssystemet är förmodligen mer aktuellt än någonsin. Ett ökat internationellt fokus och de förändringar som bland annat IPRED-direktivet medfört är en del i detta. Dessutom har den tekniska utvecklingen under en period varit stor, sammantaget innebär detta att frågan om ersättning för immaterialrättsintrång är mycket angelägen. Immateriella rättighetSummary The sanctioning of infringements into intellectual properties is a question of severe relevance. Technical development, globalization and legal standpoints such as the Intellectual Property Rights Enforcement Directive has made the topic of this paper a much debated one. The value of intellectual properties can be immense. In fact there are quite a few cases where the most valued assets

Det straffrättsliga systemet präglas idag av en nyklassisk kriminalpolitik vilken betonar handlingen, handlingens konsekvenser, skulden och brottets svårhet. Dessa faktorer bestämmer straffvärdet vilket medför att de straffrättsliga principerna om bl.a. proportionalitet, förutsebarhet och konsekvens upprätthålls. Straffvärdet som sådant utgör nämligen grunden för påföljdsvalet. Men det finns ytterThe criminal justice system currently emphasizes the action, the consequences of the action, the liability and the gravity of the offense. These factors determine the penalty value, which means that the criminal justice principles such as proportionality, predictability and consistency is maintained. The penalty value as such constitutes the basis when deciding on a suitable penalty. But there are