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Glacifluvial deposits along an ice-marginal zone,in Smaland, southern Sweden, have been dated using post-IR blue OSL. To test for incomplete bleaching, we adopted two strategies: analysis of modern analogues and small-aliquot dose distributions. Samples of modern fluvial sediments show no significant incomplete bleaching; they yield equivalent doses of only 0.5-2 Gy (similar to 0.25-4% of our glac

Objectives To evaluate the real-life effect of an evidence-based Gold Standard Programme (GSP) for smoking cessation interventions in disadvantaged patients and to identify modifiable factors that consistently produce the highest abstinence rates. Design Observational prospective cohort study. Setting GSPs in pharmacies, hospitals and communities in Denmark, reporting to the national Smoking Cessa

We present extensive density-functional theory (DFT) based calculations of the clean Rh(111) surface and of CO/Rh(111) overlayer systems. We study both ground-state structural properties and core-level shifts from differences in total energies at different coverages and adsorption sites. Most results are obtained using using norm-conserving or ultrasoft pseudopotentials. The overall reliability of

Wind speed and direction have a significant effect on a flying bird's ground speed. Migrants are therefore expected to be sensitive to wind conditions and this should have consequences for optimal strategies of stopover and refuelling. Based on an earlier model of time-minimizing migration which includes wind condition, we investigate the consequences of the temporal correlation of wind conditions

Effects of different bioturbators on recruitment of several nuisance algae, Anaboena spp. (Cyanophyta), Microcystis spp. (Cyanophyta), and Gonvostomum semen (Raphidophyta), from sediment to water were studied in a long-term laboratory experiment. Natural sediment, where macrofauna larger than 1 mm had been removed, was added to 18 aquaria. To each of six aquaria, individuals of Asellus aquaticus (

Cellulose, a polysaccharide consisting of beta-1,4-linked glucose, is the major component of plant cell walls and consequently one of the most abundant biopolymers on earth. Carbohydrate polymers such as cellulose are molecules with vast diversity in structure and function, and a multiplicity of hydrolases operating in concert are required for depolymerisation. The bacterium Rhodothermus marinus,

BACKGROUND: Cytotoxic eosinophil granule proteins are considered important in the pathogenesis of inflammatory airway diseases, including asthma, rhinitis, and polyposis. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in the deposition of these tissue-damaging granular products in vivo. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the occurrence of degranulating eosinophils, those with morphologic ev

Growth hormone (GH) has insulin-antagonistic effects, and GH secretion is augmented during fasting and hypoglycemia. In the present study, 10 patients aged 21 to 28 years with childhood-onset GH deficiency (GHD) were studied during a 24-hour fast and a hypoglycemic glucose clamp before and after 9 months of GH replacement. During the 24-hour fast, blood glucose, serum insulin, and serum free fatty

The uptake and assimilation of 15N-labelled ammonium was followed in Pinus sylvestris L. plants infected with four different ectomycorrhizal fungi, Rhizopogon roseolus Fr. Suillus bovinus (Fr.) O. Kuntze, Pisolithus tinctorius (Fr.) Fr. and Paxillus involutus (Mich. ex Pers.) Cohen & Couch. Plants were grown in flat perspex observation chambers or in Petri dishes containing non-sterile peat; i

Background: The purpose was to investigate adjuvant marrow-supportive high-dose chemotherapy compared with an equitoxicity-tailored comparator arm. Patients and methods: Five hundred and twenty-five women below the age of 60 years with operated high-risk primary breast cancer were randomised to nine cycles of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor supported and individually tailored FEC (5-fluorour

Background: Immunization programmes are ethically defensible and society has a significant role to play in providing vaccination against measles and safeguarding herd immunity to optimize its individuals' capabilities. Since preventive actions interfere with individuals who consider themselves as healthy, public health strategies - as distinct from advice in a clinical consultation - require somet

Cross-linking of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) by boronate-containing copolymer of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA, 1) was studied and compared to cross-linking of PVA by borate buffers in weakly alkaline solutions. The copolymer of M-w = 19,000 g mor(-1) containing 9 mol% N-acryloyl-m-aminophenylboronic acid (NAAPBA, 2) was prepared by free radical polymerization of the monomers, exhibiting copolymerizatio

1. We experimentally tested if a multiplicative risk model accurately predicted the consumption of a common mayfly at risk of predation from three predator species in New Zealand streams. Deviations between model predictions and experimental observations were interpreted as indicators of ecologically important interactions between predators. 2. The predators included a drift-feeding fish [brown t

Popular Abstract in Undetermined All of our present information technology culture with computers, internet, smart-phones, Bluetooth links, 3D-Tv, iPad tablets, programmable washing/cooking machines, car engines, navigation computers, etc. (the list goes on and on) is based on small electrical circuits. The smaller these circuits can be made, the faster and the better microelectronics can perform.Present-day electronics employ circuits of smaller and smaller dimensions, and today the length scales are so small that the laws of physics which rule micro-cosmos, quantum mechanics, become directly important. This thesis reports on theoretical work on electron transport in different nanostructures. We have studied semiconductor quantum wells, layered materials where each layer can be only a few

The number of cancer patients living with metastatic disease is growing. The increased survival has led to an increase in the number of cancer-induced complications, such as pathologic fractures due to bone metastases. Surgery is most commonly needed for mechanical complications, such as fractures and intractable pain. We determined survival, disease free interval and complications in surgically t

As oil-prices and environmental concerns are increasing, it is of interest to better use the well-head gas. This light fraction co-produced with petroleum is generally flared and in this paper a method for upgrading and returning the co-product to the petroleum stream is suggested. The method is based on a conversion of the gas to synthesis gas and upgrading this synthesis gas into liquid hydrocar

Eye tracking was used to investigate the task of assessing how likely it is that one would be able to rest and recover in small urban spaces and how it affects the view pattern. We assess which environmental components, for example, flowers and trees, participants look at when evaluating restoration likelihood. Further, we compare number of fixations in restorative and non-restorative park photos.

Summary Background: The vitamin K-dependent Gas6 protein (product of growth arrest specific gene 6) binds to, and activates the TAM receptor tyrosine kinases Tyro3, Axl, and Mer. Gas6 and the TAM receptors have been suggested to be important for primary platelet functions, but Gas6 cannot be found in human platelets. However, Gas6 is present in human plasma at a concentration of around 0.2 nM, whi