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Varje år ökar världens energiförbrukning på grund av befolkningstillväxt och ökande levnadsstandard. Vi står inför många stora problem, till exempel klimatförändringar, uttömning av fossila energikällor (t. ex. petroleum, kol och naturgas) och miljöföroreningar. Därför är det brådskande att söka efter förnyelsebar energi och hur människor kan använda energi så effektivt och ändamålsenligt som möjlThe demand and consumption of energy is increasing dramatically all around the world. Broad adoption of fossil fuels has triggered an enormous threat to the environment. To ensure sustainability of our species and habitat, new solutions to fulfill the energy demand have to be found. Innovative materials offer the possibility to generate scalable renewable energy, which is efficient and environment

Atomic diusion and mixing processes in stellar interiors influence the structure and the surface composition of stars. Some of these processes cannot yet be modelled from the first principles, and they require calibrations. This limits their applicability in stellar models used for studies of stellar populations and Galactic evolution. Aims. Our main goal is to put constraints on the stellar struc

Knowledge of DNA - lipid layer interactions is key for the development of biosensors, synthetic nanopores, scaffolds, and gene-delivery systems. These interactions are strongly affected by the ionic composition of the solvent. We have combined quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and ellipsometry measurements to reveal how pH, buffers and alkali metal chloride salts affect the interaction of DNA with

Understanding the mechanisms that regulate the dynamics of spatially structured populations (SSP) is a critical challenge for ecologists and conservation managers. Internal population processes such as births and deaths occur at a local level, while external processes such as dispersal take place at an inter-population level. At both levels, density dependence is expected to play a critical role.

I ett samhälle med begränsade resurser eftersträvas naturligen effektivitet i brottmålsprocessen, exempelvis genom mindre resurskrävande brottsutredningar. Vid en lagändring 2015 lagfästes möjligheten till strafflindring för en gärningsperson som väljer att medverka vid utredningen av sitt eget brott. Strafflindring kan aktualiseras om gärningspersonen lämnar uppgifter som är av väsentlig betydelsIn a society with limited resources, efficiency is naturally sought in the criminal trial procedure, for example through less resource-intensive criminal investigations. The possibility for an offender to receive mitigation of a sentence by participating in the investigation of their own crime was introduced in Swedish law by an amendment of a law in 2015. Mitigation of a sentence can become relev

The purpose of this paper was to contribute to an increased knowledge of the punitive attitudes of Swedish 18-30 year olds, and more specifically which potential factors could possibly explain why people have the different levels of punitive attitude that they do as, well as how these factors impact people’s level of punitive attitude. The variables that were chosen to be explored further were pol

Enzymer är biologiskt aktiva molekyler med en katalytisk förmåga. Detta innebär enzym kan medföra en omvandling av ett ämne i en reaktion som normalt inte sker spontant. Laccas är ett enzym som kan bryta ner (oxidera) fenolföreningar, och i naturen förekommer det i växter, svampar och bakterier där det fyller olika funktioner.

Binära föreningar beståendes av sällsynta jordartsmetallerna och rutenium uppvisar intressanta egenskaper såsom superledande förmåga och intressanta magnetiska egenskaper. För att förstå varför vissa föreningar uppvisar sådana egenskaper är det essentiellt att studera föreningarnas kristallstruktur. I denna rapport undersöks föreningar, i 35-38 at. % Ru regionen, beståendes av praseodym, neodymiumBinary alloys comprising of the rare earth metals along with ruthenium, RE-Ru, have been noted to display superconductivity at low temperatures. Furthermore the alloys display interesting magnetic properties such as anomalies in magnetization measurements below the magnetic ordering temperature. In order to understand how some compounds obtain these intrinsic properties it is vital to investigate

I arbetet redogörs för den svenska sekretesslagstiftningens struktur, innehåll och historiska utveckling i den mån den berör statlig och kommunal tillsyn m.m. över näringslivet. Sekretessbestämmelserna återfinns i 30 kap. 23-24 och 27 §§ OSL. Arbetet behandlar skaderekvisitens betydelse vid rättstillämpningen och den begränsning av handlingsoffentligheten som därvid gjort sig gällande samt i vad m

Mäns våld mot kvinnor har på senare tid blivit ett alltmer erkänt samhällsproblem. En vanlig uppfattning är att våldet till största del utgörs av fysiska gärningar men ett psykiskt nedbrytande och kontrollerande beteende är dock mer vanligt förekommande. Tydligt är att mäns våld mot kvinnor till stor del grundas i den mellan könen existerande maktobalansen vilket är en viktig utgångspunkt i förståMen’s violence against women has in recent times become a more and more recognised social issue. It is a common misconception that the violence mainly consists of physical abuse, but psychological abuse in terms of controlling and degrading behaviour is somewhat more common. It is apparent gender structures serves as a base from which men’s violence against women can originate and grow. This is im

To enhance the performance of gas turbine engines, high top-cycle temperatures are desired. However, the temperature is limited by current materials. To achieve the higher performance, and meanwhile maintain the metal temperatures of the combustors, vanes and blades below the allowable limits, sophisticated cooling techniques, such as impingement cooling, film cooling and convective internal cooli

Graphic correlation using graptolites and conodonts provides a high-resolution timescale for correlating from coastal to deep oceanic sections and, thereby, also a detailed record of the sequence of changes during the Mulde Secundo-Secundo Event. That interval includes sedimentary facies otherwise unknown in older Wenlock to early Ludlow strata on Gotland. The identified sequence of changes includ

The formation of industry standards for environmental issues and corporate social responsibility is gaining acceptance but the number of successfully implemented programs are few. On an individual level companies have for some time applied company standards or codes of conduct. But on a collective level cooperation seems much more difficult. Although from an economic point of view there are clear

The landfills located at the sea shore or below the ground water table are a severe cause of concern due to their close proximity to sensitive coastal ecosystems and pristine ground waters. Therefore, it is important to assess the long term environmental risks of coastal landfills before their final closure. In this context, the reactive transport models, by allowing us to study the complex interp

We present extensive density-functional theory (DFT) based calculations of the clean Rh(111) surface and of CO/Rh(111) overlayer systems. We study both ground-state structural properties and core-level shifts from differences in total energies at different coverages and adsorption sites. Most results are obtained using using norm-conserving or ultrasoft pseudopotentials. The overall reliability of

It is shown how first-order performance estimation of high-orderadaptive optics (AO) systems may be efficiently implemented in a hybridnumerical simulation by the use of 1) sparse matrix techniques forwavefront reconstruction, 2) undersampled pupil-plane turbulence-inducedaberrations, and 3) analytical models that compensate - in the limit ofinfinite exposure time - for the errors introduced by un