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BACKGROUND: The best management of hypertension in frail oldest-old (≥80 years of age) remains unclear and we still lack guidelines that provide specific recommendations. Our study aims to investigate guideline use in general practitioners (GPs) and to examine if guideline use relates to different decisions when managing hypertension in frail oldest-old. DESIGN/SETTING: Cross-sectional study among

Objectives Patients ≥65 years old represent 30%-50% of all ambulance assignments (AAs), and the knowledge of which care level they are disposed to is limited and diverging. The aim of this study was therefore to describe and compare characteristics of patients' aged ≥65 years dispositions during AA, including determining changes over time and factors associated with non-conveyance to hospitals. De

AIMS: Heart failure (HF) confers potentially negative effects on the brain and autonomic nervous system. The measurement cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2 ) may aid in understanding such effects. We aimed to investigate if compensated HF affects SctO2 at rest and during orthostatic challenge.METHODS AND RESULTS: Non-invasive haemodynamic monitoring and near-infrared spectroscopy were applie

BACKGROUND: Perinatal characteristics are associated with subsequent risk of several chronic diseases. Previous studies regarding endometriosis were based on small samples and retrospective data and were limited by unmeasured confounding bias, leading to conflicting and inconclusive findings. We investigated the associations of maternal and birth characteristics with risk of endometriosis among Sw

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is largely considered an autoimmune disease leading to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Further, patients with T1D have 3–4-fold increased risk of developing micro- and macrovascular complications. However, the contribution of immune-related factors contributing to these diabetes complications are poorly understood. Individuals with long-term T1D who d

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term incidence of hip complications after external beam radiation therapy compared with age-matched controls from the general population. We also investigated whether there were any dose−response associations. Methods and materials: A total of 349 patients with prostate cancer treated to curative dose with external beam radiation therap

Several studies have reported associations of hypertension with cancer, but not all results were conclusive. We examined the association of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure with the development of incident cancer at all anatomical sites in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals) were estimated using mu

Background: The life expectancy of pancreatic cancer patients remains minimal. The disease progression may be influenced by type 2 diabetes (T2D) and inflammatory status, although important gaps persist around their joint effects on disease outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of the tumour immune microenvironment on pancreatic cancer prognosis in relation to

Background: Vitamin D is crucial for mineralized tissue formation and immunological functions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and dental status in healthy children with vitamin D supplementation in infancy and at 6 years of age. Method: Eight-year-old children who had participated in a vitamin D intervention project when they were 6 years old wer

A growing body of literature on the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is becoming available, but a synthesis of available data has not been conducted. We performed a scoping review of currently available clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and chest imaging data related to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, Scopus and LILACS from 01 January 2019 to 24 Feb

The relative contribution of different microbial groups to soil organic matter (SOM) turnover and utilisation of rhizodeposits during a cropping season has remained largely unknown. We used a long-term field experiment (started in 1956), in which C3 crops were replaced with C4 silage maize in 2000, to investigate dynamics of fungi and bacterial groups and their utilisation of ‘young-C4’ and ‘old-C

Background: Familial breast cancer risk studies usually overlook the dynamic nature of family history. Methods: The authors assessed the effect of incorporating the timing of cancer diagnosis events into the assessment of familial risks of breast cancer in first-degree and second-degree relatives in a nationwide cohort study of 5,099,172 women (follow-up was between 1958-2015). Family history was

Hip geometry is an important predictor of fracture. We performed a meta-analysis of GWAS studies in adults to identify genetic variants that are associated with proximal femur geometry phenotypes. We analyzed four phenotypes: (i) femoral neck length; (ii) neck-shaft angle; (iii) femoral neck width, and (iv) femoral neck section modulus, estimated from DXA scans using algorithms of hip structure a

Context: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are cleaved by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4); plasma activity of DPP-4 may be increased in obesity. The impact of this increase on incretin hormone secretion and metabolism is not known. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess incretin hormone secretion and degradation in lean and obese nondiabet

OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer disease (AD) can now be diagnosed in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using biomarkers. However, little is known about the rate of decline in those subjects. In this cohort study, we aimed to assess the conversion rate to dementia and identify prognostic markers in subjects with MCI and evidence of amyloid pathology. METHODS: We pooled subjects from the VU Un

Aims To examine the prognostic importance of weight-change in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), especially following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods and results In 4360 AMI patients (OPTIMAAL trial) without baseline oedema, we assessed 3-month weight-change, baseline body mass index (BMI), demographics, patient history, medication, physical examination, and biochemical analys

Context and Objective: Metabolic and body compositional consequences of GH deficiency (GHD) in adults are associated with a phenotype similar to the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Patients: We assessed MetS prevalence in adult GHD patients (n = 2531) enrolled in the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study. Prevalence was assessed at baseline and after 3 yr of GH replacement in a subset of 346 ad

BACKGROUND: Ghana's maternal mortality ratio remains high despite efforts made to meet Millennium Development Goal 5. A number of studies have been conducted on maternal mortality in Ghana; however, little is known about how the causes of maternal mortality are distributed in different socio-demographic subgroups. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess and analyse the causes of maternal mor

OBJECTIVE: Mediolateral knee movement can be assessed visually with clinical tests. A knee-medial-to-foot position is associated with an increased risk of knee injuries and pathologies. However, the implications of such findings on daily tasks are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate if a knee-medial-to-foot position assessed during a clinical test was associated with alte