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Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av en inledning och 4 artiklar. Den första artikeln, Young people and alcohol: an econometric analysis, analyser bestämningsfaktorerna för ungdomars konsumtion av alkohol ur ett hälsoekonomiskt perspektiv. Huvudresultatet i artikeln är att ungdomar som har föräldrar som är villiga att tillhandahålla alkohol till dem är mer benägna att dricka alkohol,This thesis consists of four essays on risky health behaviour among adolescents. In the first paper, Young people and alcohol: an econometric analysis, the purpose was to analyse the determinants of adolescent drinking behaviour within an economic-theoretical framework. The results showed that having parents willing to supply alcohol increased the frequency of beer-, wine-, and spirits-consumption

Primary energy use, emission and the cost of whole energy system chains, from natural resource to end-User, were analysed, in a Swedish context,, hen heating detached houses. Both electricity-based systems employing heat Pumps. boilers. or resistance heaters. and local fuel-based systems (e.g. natural gas. oil and wood fuel) were considered. The base-load electricity was Produced in stand-alone po

The thesis deals with determination of the post peak behaviour of wood in pure tension and pure shear. Furhermore, the "Fictitious Crack Model" (FCM), which is a nonlinear fracture mechanics model ; originally developed for description of crack propagation in concrete, is employed to demonstrate the advantages of non linear fracture mechanics. A testing arrangement is presented with which the comp

Temperature is an important factor regulating microbial activity and shaping the soil microbial community. Little is known, however, on how temperature affects the most important groups of the soil microorganisms, the bacteria and the fungi, in situ. We have therefore measured the instantaneous total activity (respiration rate), bacterial activity (growth rate as thymidine incorporation rate) and

The formation of various aluminides and intermetallic compounds in the Al-Ni-Ti ternary system offers great potential for a wide variety of applications. In the present work, reactions occurring during the heating of compacted ternary Al-Ni-Ti elemental powder mixtures were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of composition on the reaction behavior was studied by vary

Objective. Collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC) are two subtypes of microscopic colitis (MC). Even though they most often are described as different entities they share many clinical and histological features. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of conversion between CC and LC in a larger cohort of patients. Materials and methods. All 664 patients in our Pathol

Background: In 2007 the World Cancer Research Fund Report concluded that there was limited and inconsistent evidence for an effect of coffee and tea consumption on the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Objective: In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we aimed to investigate whether coffee intakes, tea intakes, or both are associated with the risk of EOC

Popular Abstract in Swedish Arbetsförmåga har kommit att bli ett viktigt begrepp i samhället, men också för individen. Det saknas i dag en tydlig definition av arbetsförmåga, trots att det har en stor inverkan på hur sjukförmåner distribueras och också för den enskilde individens möjlighet att försörja sig. I västvärlden är arbetsförmåga ofta diskuterat i relation till sjukskrivning och en åldrad The overall aim of this thesis was to deepen the understanding of work ability by analyzing how different health professionals experience and perceive work ability and assessments of work ability, and also by analyzing rehabilitation outcomes that are related to work ability. The focus has been on musculoskeletal disorders with associated psychosocial factors. Method. The general approach was indu

Genetic alterations underlying the development of the cancer of the nose and paranasal sinuses (sinonasal cancer, SNC), a rare cancer that can be included in the group of head and neck cancers, are still largely unknown. We recently reported that TP53 mutations are a common feature of SNC, with an overall frequency of 77%, and they show association to adenocarcinoma and wood-dust exposure [15]. In

Aims. In this paper we demonstrate how Stromgren uvby photometry can be efficiently used to: 1. identify red giant branch stars that are members in a dwarf spheroidal galaxy; 2. derive age-independent metallicities for the same stars and quantify the associated errors. Methods. Stromgren uvby photometry in a 11 x 22 arcmin field centered on the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy was obtained using the

Even in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is regarded as standard care for adult Philadelphia (Ph) positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this retrospective national study, we have reviewed the outcome after HSCT in Sweden for adult Ph-positive ALL between 2000 and 2009. In total, 51 patients with median age 42 (range 20-66) years

The administration of hydroxocobalamin (OHCob), alone or with sodium thiosulfate, is a standard therapy for cyanide poisoning. OHCob is a red chromophore, and its interference with co-oximetric and colorimetric laboratory measurements has been evaluated in a few conflicting reports. The interference of OHCob was investigated in samples spiked with 10 different concentrations of OHCob (0-1500 mg/L)

Cue-conflict experiments were performed to study the compass calibration of one predominantly diurnal migrant, the dunnock (Prunella modularis), and two species of nocturnal passerine migrants, the sedge warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus), and the European robin (Erithacus rubecula) during autumn migration in South Sweden. The birds' orientation was recorded in circular cages under natural clear

Background: Severe (PiZZ) and moderate (PiSZ) alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency predispose to lung emphysema, especially in smokers. We hypothesized that multi-slice computed tomography (CT) might be superior to pulmonary function tests (PFT) to detect lung emphysema in AAT-deficient individuals at the age of 32 years. Methods: A subgroup of PiZZ and PiSZ individuals identified during the Swedi

A new chromatographic method based on affinity supermacroporous monolithic cryogels is developed for binding and analyzing inclusion bodies during fermentation. The work demonstrated that it is possible to bind specific IgG and IgY antibodies to the 15 and 17 amino acids at the terminus ends of a 33 kDa target protein aggregated as inclusion bodies. The antibody treated inclusion bodies from lysed

Seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors play a central role in physiology by facilitating cell communication through recognition of a wide range of ligands. Even more important, they represent important drug targets. Unfortunately, for many of these receptors the endogenous ligands, and hence their functions, remain to be identified. These receptors are referred to as "orphan" receptors. A

Various ecosystems, including shallow lakes, are suggested to possess alternative stable state dynamics. The response of such systems to environmental change is non-linear and not fully reversible, which calls for identification of feedback mechanisms and subtle changes connected to structural stability. Here, we used a 25-year data series on water chemistry to make inferences on processes prior t

Background: Statin medications, used to prevent heart disease by reducing cholesterol, also reduce inflammation and protect against oxidative damage. As inflammation and oxidative stress occur in depression, there is interest in their potential to reduce depression risk. We investigated whether use of statin medications was associated with a change in the risk of developing depression in a very la