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The biodegradability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in different fractions from the forest floor was studied. Soil leachate (SI, the soil solution in macropores which is freely drained from forest floor after rainfall), the soil matrix solution (SMS, the soil solution in meso-/micropores of the soil matrix), and soil water extracts (SWE) from two different beech forest floors were compared. Zer

OBJECTIVE: Screening of hypertension has been advocated for early detection and treatment. Severe hypertension (grade 3 hypertension) is a strong predictor for cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to evaluate not only the risk factors for developing severe hypertension, but also the prospective morbidity and mortality risk associated with severe hypertension in a population-based screening and

Background: Asthma genetics has been extensively studied and many genes have been associated with the development or severity of this disease. In contrast, the genetic basis of allergic rhinitis (AR) has not been evaluated as extensively. It is well known that asthma is closely related with AR since a large proportion of individuals with asthma also present symptoms of AR, and patients with AR hav

Objective. The authors aimed to investigate the incidence and outcomes of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) and to examine the role of drugs potentially associated with AUGIB. Methods. The study was prospective, population-based and consisted of all patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE), during the year of 2010 at the National University Hospital of Iceland. Dru

Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood and adolescence with an increasing incidence worldwide. It is an autoimmune disease with many autoimmune markers, where the zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A) is the most recent autoantibody discovered. The most important genetic susceptibility towards type 1 diabetes is found within the HLA-region on chromosome 6. We sho

Popular Abstract in Swedish Belysning står för en femtedel av den globala elanvändningen. I Sverige motsvarar efterfrågan på energi för belysning i kontorsbyggnader 20% av den totala elanvändningen. Utbyte av gamla belysningsanläggningar anses vara bland de mest kostnadseffektiva sätten att minska energianvändningen i byggnader. I synnerhet utlovar användningen av avancerade ljusstyrningssystem enLighting accounts for one-fifth of global electricity use. In Sweden, energy demand for lighting corresponds to 20% of the total electricity use in office buildings. Lighting retrofit measures are considered to be among the most cost-efficient way to reduce energy use in buildings. In particular, the use of advanced lighting control systems promises energy savings of between 2 and 60%, but system

Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus pyogenes are two related human pathogens causing different diseases. This thesis focuses on a number of surface proteins expressed by S. agalactiae and S. pyogenes and, more specifically, the molecular and biological characterization of these proteins. The first paper describes the novel Blr protein of S. agalactiae, which together with the previously des

Denna uppsats problematiserar och undersöker målbolagsstyrelsens ställning vid offentliga uppköpserbjudanden genom att belysa oklarheter som råder kring målbolagsstyrelsens agerande, framförallt till följd av att ABL inte har anpassats till takeover-reglerna och vice versa. Målbolagsstyrelsens komplexa ställning exemplifieras i denna uppsats av en utredning av vilka överväganden och vilket aktieboThis thesis problematizes and investigates the role of the board in a public company facing a friendly takeover bid. It does this by illuminating ambiguities which concern actions of the target company board, due to the fact that the Swedish Companies Act and the Swedish Takeover Rules have not been brought into conformity with one another. The complicated role of the board is exemplified by the i

The thesis focuses on multi-physics simulation of a gas inflator for inflation of airbags. The need of multi physics simulations extends to many other engineering and industrial applications and has become an extensive area of research. Main focus is on the Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) within the field of multi-physics or coupled physics simulation. The purpose is to study the flow, the membr

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: En mycket reaktiv spårgas i Amazonas. Växter släpper ut flyktiga organiska ämnen, som är mycket viktiga eftersom de släpps ut i stora mängder och påverkar tillverkningen av aerosoler, förändrar luftkvaliteten och fungerar som kommunikation mellan växter och herbivorer. Det här arbetet presenterar uppmätningar av sesquiterpener, vilka är flyktiga organiska partikSesquiterpenes are highly reactive terpenoids produced by vegetation and may serve many important biological functions such as acting as antioxidants and as semiochemicals (chemicals acting as messengers within or between species). Once emitted to the atmosphere, by reacting with oxidants like ozone and contributing to secondary organic aerosol formation, the emission of sesquiterpenes from vegeta

En ofta använd behandlingsmetod mot cancer är strålbehandling. Inför en sådan behandling undersöks patienten ofta med en typ av röntgenundersökning som kallas datortomografi (eng. computed tomomgraphy, CT). Röntgenbilderna visar hur mycket av strålningen som absorberas av kroppen, vilket innebär att man tydligt ser skillnad mellan ben, som absorberar mer av strålningen än vävnad och luft, som strå"Introduction; The aim of this study was to examine the possibilities for MRI-based radiotherapy treatment planning. The work included evaluation of geometric image distortions in MR-images, investigations of how segmentation of bone could be performed from images acquired with the ultra short time of echo (UTE) pulse sequence and assessment of dosimetric differences between treatment plannin

Cardiotography, CTG, is a monitoring method that is commonly used during childbirth. The method measures the fetal heart rate, FHR, alongside the uterine contractions, TOCO. Clinicians use this tool to evaluate the health of the infant, and to observe changes which might imply hypoxia, lack of oxygen supply, for the fetus. However, abnormalities in the CTG are often non-specific, making the interp

Decarbonising the energy-intensive industries is a pressing issue for the EU to reach its climate target of climate neutrality by 2050. To tackle this challenge green industrial policy will be needed. A growing number of scholars argue that a mission-oriented and transformative approach to green industrial policy is needed to achieve climate neutrality objectives. Mission-oriented policy is a ‘tra

Soil moisture is an essential climate variable, with applications in i.e. climate modelling and drought- and flood forecasting. The soil moisture in the rootzone (RZSM), 0-100cm depth, is especially important, compared to soil moisture at the surface (SSM), 0-5cm in depth. Large data gaps still exist for RZSM, as it cannot be directly observed through remote sensing. As such, modelling, and theref

This study examined how amount of social media use, type of content and type of engagement relate to adolescent mental health and wellbeing. It also explored whether gender and social comparison orientation moderated these relationships. Using a cross-sectional survey study design, objective screen time data and self-report measures of content (photo, video, and text) and engagement (passive vs. a

Background and purpose: Angiosarcoma (AS), a rare and highly malignant tumour, can manifest spontaneously (primary AS, pAS) or secondary to previous radiation, exposure to chemical agents or Stewart-Treves syndrome (secondary AS, sAS). The aim of this study was to characterise the clinical presentation, management, treatment and outcome—including local recurrence, metastasis and overall survival—a

Glaciers are of extreme importance since they hold climatic data going back 2,000 years. Glaciers can provide important services such as ecosystem services, habitats, water runoff, and hydro-energy. They also affect the Earth’s processes and many feedback mechanisms. Glaciers all over the world are under the threat of climate change which may eventually lead to the disappearance of many of these i