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Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease commonly suffer from breathlessness, deconditioning, and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQL) despite best medical management. Opioids may relieve breathlessness at rest and on exertion in COPD. We aimed to estimate the efficacy and safety of opioids on refractory breathlessness, exercise capacity, and HRQL in COPD.

Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) inhibits chymotrypsin-like enzymes, particularly neutrophil cathepsin G. Moreover, ACT in its native form suppresses chemotaxis of neutrophils and decreases neutrophil production of superoxide radicals. We recently showed that Moraxella catarrhalis ubiquitous surface protein (Usp) A1 is able to specifically bind ACT in the context of a novel virulence mechanism. In t

Abstract SETTING: Sweden under transition from high to low tuberculosis (TB) incidence from 1920 to 2009. OBJECTIVE: To correlate estimates of TB infection in birth cohorts with the longitudinal incidence of active TB to assess the long-term risk and time pattern of reactivated TB. DESIGN: Time trend analysis on TB incidence using age-cohort modelling. RESULTS: The overall TB incidence decrease

There is ample evidence for intra-patient evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) biological phenotype during the pathogenic process. Evolution often involves switch of coreceptor use from CCR5 to CXCR4, but change to more flexible use of CCR5 occurs over time even in patients with maintained CCR5 use. The increasing use of entry inhibitors in the clinic, often specific for on

We characterized the functional properties of a novel set of human anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies originating from a human phage display library and identified an antibody that strongly activates cells via the CD40 receptor for potential use in HIV therapy. The anti-CD40 antibodies were converted from a single chain antibody fragment format (scFv) to an IgG format and produced in HEK293 cells, an

Nursing care for older people with cancer requires an understanding of their history and current needs from both an individual and generalized view. The aim of this study was to investigate the experience of older people living with cancer and the way it affects their daily life. During the study, 41 individuals 75 years of age and older (mean age, 83 years) who had a cancer diagnosed within the p

BACKGROUND. Hypoxia induces increased tumor growth by promoting angiogenic and glycolytic pathways. Tumors expressing hypoxia-inducible factor-la (HIF-1 alpha), an important transcriptional activator of oxygen-regulated genes, are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The major challenge in prostate cancer therapy today is to gain a better understanding of the development of hormone-refracto

A multi-disciplinary study is being carried out on recharge to the Karoo sandstone aquifer in the western part of Zimbabwe, where recharge is controlled by the presence of a thick, confining basalt layer. The aquifer is geographically extensive, and has been identified throughout the southern part of the mid-Zambezi basin (Fig. 1). The potential for groundwater abstraction seems to be huge. The ke

Fetal death in the mid-trimester of pregnancy is unexplained and no reliable markers are available to identify at-risk women. We aimed to assess use of a fetoprotein and S100B concentrations in amniotic fluid as markers. We did a case-control study in 758 healthy women undergoing amniocentesis at mid-gestation, of whom 12 had a spontaneous intrauterine fetal death before 28 weeks, and 746 matched

The current refugee crisis can be said to have affected not only actual borders, but also borders within subjectivities. With a poststructuralist and deconstructive approach, subjectivities are recognized as constructed through language and within discourse, and in turn, induced through policy. Thus, in order to examine the discursive construction of subjectivities, this thesis critically engage w

Den 25 maj 2018 träder Europaparlamentets och Rådets förordning (EU) 2016/679 om skydd för fysiska personer med avseende på behandling av personuppgifter och det fria flödet av sådana uppgifter samt om upphävande av direktiv 95/46/EG (dataskyddsförordningen) ikraft. Förordningen ersätter då Europaparlamentets och rådets direktiv 95/46/EG om skydd för enskilda personer med avseende på behandling avOn the 25th of May 2018 the Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) enters into force. The regulation supersedes the Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Co

Within the last twenty years, the Swedish military has been drastically reduced in size and capability. The conscription service was discontinued which made retaining personnel difficult. The service was reinstated nine years later due to the geopolitical instability around Sweden and the national goal to double personnel by 2035. Consequently, the military must focus on retaining trained personne

This paper examines the work situation for people holding Mini-jobs in Germany in an attempt to evaluate the effects that marginal employment has on people’s lives. The study is quantitatively conducted and compares employees having Mini-jobs with people in full-time employment in order to explore differences in regards of work situation. Longitudinal panel data collected by the German Socio-Econo

Brott, bedrägerier och andra oegentligheter, vilka riktar sig mot EU:s eko-nomiska intressen skadar allvarligt EU:s budget varje år. För att garantera ett bättre skydd för EU:s finanser framlade kommissionen i juli 2013 För-slag till Rådets förordning om inrättande av Europeiska åklagarmyndighe-ten . Myndigheten ska ha en exklusiv kompetens att utreda brott mot EU:s ekonomiska intressen över hela Fraud and other offences, aimed towards the financial interestets of the union, are seriously harming the union’s budget every year. To guarantee a better protection of the unions finances, the Commission put forward Pro-posal for a Council Regulation on the establishment of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office . The Office will have an exclusive competence to in-vestigate and prosecute crimina

In scholarly literature, it is widely acknowledged that ‘the shadow of hierarchy’, hence the threat of disadvantageous Community legislation, is an important con-cept in European social dialogue (ESD), where European social partners – that is organised labour and management – are given the chance to negotiate binding agreements on some aspects of European labour and social policy. While the shadow

This thesis is a thematic analysis of two major themes in the poetry of Sylvia Plath: Death and rebirth. The idea is to look at selected poems by Plath without taking into account biographical data. The thesis investigates death as perfection, the act of dying and the performative aspect of rebirth. It also takes a closer look at the meaning of the color red and the movement upwards (the ascent) a

Uppsatsen syfte är att undersöka huruvida en minskning av working capital kan påverka lönsamheten och om det i så fall skulle kunna användas som en strategi för företagsledningar. Ett sekundärt syfte är att undersöka om finanskrisen har påverkat arbetet med att minska working capital. Uppsatsen exemplifierar problemet genom att undersöka en hårt konkurrensutsatt bransch, hemelektronikbranschen i SThis study examine the relationship between working capital and profitability to see if a reduction of working capital could be used as a strategy for managers to increase profitability. A second purpose of this paper is to examine how the latest global financial crisis can impact working capital management. This paper exemplifies this problem by examining a struggling industry in Sweden, specific

Although Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage programs have proven ineffective in reducing teenage pregnancy rates and the spread of STDs, thirteen states in the U.S still stress abstinence in their sexual education curricula. This in turn has created a big debate over what sexual education in public schools should contain. This paper intends to determine whether the arguments proposed by three advocacy