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Official revenue collections in French Indochina were low compared with most other colonies in East and Southeast Asia. This fact stands in contrast to a large body of literature that claims French tax demands were a crushing burden on many indigenous people. French Indochina is often put forward as an example of one of the most extractive colonial states in Asia. This chapter reconciles these see

Objective: To estimate chances of potential look-alike, sound-alike and read-alike (LASARA) errors in secondary-care hospital pharmacies through prescriptions screening. Design: Cross-sectional, prospective study. Place and duration of study: Al-Khidmat Hospital Pharmacy, Karachi, Pakistan from August to October, 2016. Methodology: Dispensed medicine data was collected from three pharmacies of a s

Background and purpose - Vitamin E infused highly cross-linked polyethylene (VEPE) was introduced in order to enhance oxidative resistance in highly cross-linked polyethylene cups in total hip arthroplasty (THA). We have, with a follow-up of 5 years, evaluated wear characteristics of 2 identically designed cemented cups with the only difference being the material, VEPE or ultra-high molecular weig

This book examines material and multi-sensorial expressions of Shiʿi Islam in diverse, and understudied demographic and geographic contexts.It engages with conceptual debates and makes several propositions that push the frontiers of scholarship on Islamic and Religious Studies, Material Religion, Heritage Studies, and Anthropology and Sociology of Religion.The contributions presented in this volum

BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonates have profound effects on bone physiology, and could modify the process of metastasis. We undertook collaborative meta-analyses to clarify the risks and benefits of adjuvant bisphosphonate treatment in breast cancer.METHODS: We sought individual patient data from all unconfounded trials in early breast cancer that randomised between bisphosphonate and control. Primary ou

One of the hallmarks of type 1 but also type 2 diabetes is pancreatic islet inflammation, associated with altered pancreatic islet function and structure, if unresolved. IL-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine which detrimentally affects β-cell function. In the course of diabetes, complement components, including the central complement protein C3, are deregulated. Previously, we reported high C3 expre

Anonymisation of assessments has been discussed for decades. It stems from a concern about unduly bias in assessment and grading. In Sweden, anonymised assessments were introduced in many universities a decade ago. It was rarely preceded by discussions on potential pedagogical consequences. Recent research on the effects of anonymisation does not confirm the hypothesis of reduced bias in grading.

Paediatric prospective studies of coeliac disease with longitudinal collection of biological samples and clinical data offer a unique perspective on disease risk. This Review highlights the information now available from international paediatric prospective studies on genetic and environmental risk factors for coeliac disease. In addition, recent omics studies have made it possible to study comple

This project investigates the empirical realities of shifting norms and practices around young children’s education in urban East Asia. In particular, it examines how parenting strategies are entangled with aspirations for human capital accumulation and upward social mobility, as well as the best interest of the child, and how these notions are reconciled and enacted differently along gender, gene

‘Visibility’ is a concept often used in EU terminology as a means to advancing the EU’s reputation and standing in the world. Projections of EU visibility reveal changing conditions for international recognition where being seen is highly valued. This chapter examines the link between EU foreign policy, digitalization and public diplomacy, and especially the role of visibility in European Union (E

This chapter examines a population of third language (L3) learners that has received little attention, namely heritage speaker (HS) L3 learners, who grow up speaking two languages in early childhood. Unlike traditionally studied L3 learners, who acquired their L2 as older children, HSs have two naturalistically acquired languages to draw from, which has been suggested to have implications for L3 a

In this interview, Prince Sisowath Thomico, a cousin of Cambodian King Sihamoni who has been politically active in a range of political movements and parties, discusses the role of the monarchy and what royalism might mean in Cambodia today, three decades after the Cambodian monarchy was reintroduced. He reflects on the historical trajectory of the Cambodian monarchy and royalism, and analyses how

Patent Law is a legal field designed to promote technological innovation. Patent rights ensure exclusivity of rights to commercialize and explore innovation and in this sense are a fundamental mechanism to attract investment, ensure revenue streams and foster innovation. The relative relevance of patent rights depends on sectors of activity, business models and the nature of both the underlying in

Organ-on-a-chip devices are predominately made of the polymer polymethylsiloxane (PDMS), exhibiting several attractive properties e.g., transparency, gas permeability, and biocompatibility. However, the attachment of cells to this polymer has proven challenging, especially for delicate primary cells e.g., small intestinal organoid-derived epithelial cells. Hence, a need to functionalize and coat t