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Aim: To determine how species richness gradients—commonly considered universal—vary across the phylogenetic hierarchy of birds and mammals, and to uncover how clade age and size predetermine the gradients. Location: Global. Time Period: Last 120 million years. Taxa Studied: Birds and mammals (~15,000 species). Methods: We used large-scale phylogenies of birds and mammals and captured the species r
Non-spherical particles play a crucial role in industrial and geological flows, however, a comprehensive description of their rheology as a function of inertial number and asphericity remains incomplete. In this study, we examine the influence of particle shape using spheroidal particles through simulations of simple shear flow under Lees-Edwards boundary conditions, focusing on the dense flow reg
Alternating shear rotations, also known as tacking, can effectively alter viscosity, the jamming point, and dissipation per strain for dense suspensions. For a given packing fraction, viscosity decreases with increasing cruising (tacking) angle, while dissipation shows a complex dependence on both packing fraction and cruising angle. Generally, the cruising angle required to reduce overall dissipa
The cell cycle is a key regulator of endothelial cell specification into tip and stalk cell phenotypes, which are essential for angiogenesis in both normal development and pathological conditions. While the tumor suppressor p53 is known to regulate the cell cycle and influence cell fate, its role in modulating the cell fate of these phenotypes remains unclear. Using non-genotoxic small molecule an
Background: Surviving sudden cardiac arrest often lead to long-term cognitive, emotional, and physical consequences. Although clinical guidelines recommend structured post-cardiac arrest follow-up, such follow-up is often lacking or inconsistent. Tailored digital interventions are scarce but may help address gaps in follow-up resources. The CARDIS trial evaluates the effects on patient-reported ouBackground: Surviving sudden cardiac arrest often lead to long-term cognitive, emotional, and physical consequences. Although clinical guidelines recommend structured post-cardiac arrest follow-up, such follow-up is often lacking or inconsistent. Tailored digital interventions are scarce but may help address gaps in follow-up resources. The CARDIS trial evaluates the effects on patient-reported ou
Context. The chemical abundances of alpha elements in Galactic Centre (GC) supergiants provide key insights into the chemical enrichment and star formation history of the Milky Way’s nuclear star cluster. Previous studies have reported enhanced alpha-element abundances, which raises questions about the chemical evolution of this unique region. Aims. We aim to reassess the alpha-element abundances
Non-invasive methods for measuring thermal tolerance and thermoregulation in large numbers of individuals under natural environmental conditions are useful to understand the capacity of species to adapt to future climate scenarios. Infrared thermography (IRT) is one such tool in research on thermal adaptation, but concerns have been raised about its reliability, specifically the correlation betwee
This paper presents archeological data and chronometric dates documenting human presence in Serbia, central Balkans, during MIS 2. We describe findings from excavations at three cave sites and dating results from two additional localities. The evidence suggests that people were present in the area during the second half of the glacial peak between 25 and 19ka calBp. The chronological placement of
Background and aims: Gynoid fat (hip-thigh subcutaneous adiposity) is metabolically favorable, yet its genetic architecture and impact on liver diseases are unknown. We aimed to identify genetic determinants of gynoid tissue fat percentage (GTFP) and explore their clinical implications to liver disease. Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 37,385 European individuals fro
BackgroundOsteocalcin is a bone-specific protein involving many physiological processes, primarily bone turnover. Also closely related to the musculoskeletal system is the frailty syndrome.AimTo investigate if circulating osteocalcin levels and frailty are associated in the old, and in addition, if the presumed association is mediated through alterations in bone.Methods999 community-dwelling women
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been shown to reduce liver fat compared to saturated fat, but effects of a novel “anti-lipogenic” diet replacing carbohydrates with PUFA (LCPUFA) or a low-fat healthy Nordic diet (HND) rich in whole-grains are unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of these diets, as compared with usual care (UC), on liver fat (primary outcome) a
A package material blank comprises a body panel having a main panel, two second panels arranged adjacent to the main panel and at least one third panel. End closure panels arranged adjacent to the body panel, the end closure panels comprising a top and bottom closure panels arranged adjacent to the main and the at least one third panel, respectively and flap closure panels arranged adjacent to the
Digital cognitive assessments have rapidly expanded in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research, offering a sensitive, scalable, and cost-effective alternative to traditional neuropsychological tests. This systematic review examines the validation and utility of digital cognitive assessments in cognitively normal (CN) individuals and explores their potential classification within the US Food and Drug Adm
Background: The purpose of this study was to analyse if there is a relationship between the directions of windswept hip deformity and scoliosis for children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to explore potential associations with spasticity, contractures and hip displacement. Methods: A cross-sectional registry-based study was conducted using data from the combined Swedish CP Follow-up Program and Nati
