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Human cystatins C and D share almost identical primary structures of two out of the three segments proposed to be of importance for enzyme interactions but have markedly different profiles for inhibition of the target cysteine peptidases, cathepsins B, H, L, and S. To investigate if the N-terminal binding regions of the inhibitors are responsible for the different inhibition profiles, and thereby
Carotid artery stenting (CAS) may be impossible, or associated with a high risk, in patients with severe vessel tortuosity. A novel method of catheterization of the carotid artery intended to facilitate CAS is described. It involves the placement of a microcatheter and a coronary wire through a dissected superficial temporal artery (STA), and then advanced to the ascending aorta. The wire is then
The genes man26a and man2A from Cellulomonas fimi encode mannanase 26A (Man26A) and -mannosidase 2A (Man2A), respectively. Mature Man26A is a secreted, modular protein of 951 amino acids, comprising a catalytic module in family 26 of glycosyl hydrolases, an S-layer homology module, and two modules of unknown function. Exposure of Man26A produced by Escherichia coli to C. fimi protease generates ac
Results of a spectral analysis of vowel reduction in Bulgarian (N = 2 educated male speakers of the Sofia dialect) & model experiments that test these results are reported. The hypothesis was that reduction of Bulgarian open vowels is related to neutralization of mandibular depression, weakening or elimination of lingual & labial compensation for mandibular errors, & weakening of phary
Rheological properties of isotropic solutions and gel structures of lysozyme-sodium dodecyl sulfate mixtures in water are investigated. Isotropic solutions behave as Newtonian fluids with very low viscosity values. For the lysozyme solutions the intrinsic viscosity and the Huggins coefficient were calculated on the basis of the Mooney equation. Above a certain yield stress value, the viscosity of
We have established a new experimental model of human clear cell sarcoma, UM-CCSI, using serial subcutaneous transplantation of intact tumour tissue in nude mice. The heterotransplanted nude mouse tumours retained characteristic morphological features of the primary clear cell sarcoma. Immunohistochemical analysis showed the retained expression patterns of S-100 protein, melanoma-associated antige
Presence of Stachybotrys chartarum in indoor environments has been linked to building-associated disease, however, the causative agents are unknown. Verrucarol (VER) and trichodermol (TRID) are hydrolysis products of some major S. chartarum mycotoxins, i.e. macrocyclic trichothecenes and trichodermin. We optimized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods for detecting VER and TRID in S
In this study the focus was on patients with psychosis treated in a psychiatric rehabilitation unit in southern Sweden. The study described the stability of the ward atmosphere over 2 years, as well as differences between subgroups of patients regarding gender and diagnosis. Furthermore, the perceived ward atmosphere was compared with what has been recommended in the literature. The ward atmospher
The article describes full-scale backdraft experiments in a shipping container using methane as a fuel. Numerical modelling has followed the experimental setup. The numerical simulations show the initial gravity current, the ignition, the spreading of flame in the enclosure, the external fireball, and the subsequent decay. The Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) approach has been used to model turbulen
Random Boolean networks, the Kauffman model, are revisited by means of a novel decimation algorithm, which removes variables that cannot be relevant to the asymptotic dynamics of the system. The major part of the removed variables have the same fixed state in all limit cycles. These variables are denoted as the stable core of the network and their number grows approximately linearly with N, the nu
The authors present the fabrication and characterization of an integrated optical readout scheme based on single-mode waveguides for cantilever-based sensors. The cantilever bending is read out by monitoring changes in the optical intensity of light transmitted through the cantilever that also acts as a waveguide. The complete system is fabricated in the photosensitive polymer SU-8. They show theo
The plasma membrane H+-ATPase is activated by binding of 14-3-3 protein to the phosphorylated C terminus. Considering the large number of 14-3-3 and H+-ATPase isoforms in Arabidopsis (13 and 11 expressed genes, respectively), specificity in binding may exist between 14-3-3 and H+-ATPase isoforms. We now show that the H'-ATPase is the main target for 14-3-3 binding at the plasma membrane, and that
Condensation of 1-substituted 1,2,3,9a-tetrahydro-9H-imidazo[1,2-a]indol-2-ones with 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde afforded 1'-[(N-monosubstituted carbamoyl)methyl]indoline nitrospirobenzopyrans. Treatment of the latter with strong base led to the formation of a mixture of cis/trans-5a,13-methano-1,3-benzoxazepino[3,2-a]indoles. Results of semiempirical calculations gave evidence that such a transformati
Carbon content and indices of microbial biomass and activity were determined in 1985 in different soil horizons of two nitrogen-fertilized pine forests in Sweden. The Kroksbo site was fertilized in 1974 with 150 and 600 kg N•ha−1 using NH4NO3 or urea, while the Nissafors site was fertilized in 1977 and 1984 with 150 kg NH4NO3-N•ha−1 The absolute amount of C per square metre of forest floor increas
Abstract in UndeterminedWe compared terrestrial net primary production (NPP) and terrestrial export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) with lake water heterotrophic bacterial activity in 12 headwater lake catchments along an altitude gradient in subarctic Sweden. Modelled NPP declined strongly with altitude and annual air temperature decreases along the altitude gradient (6C between the warmest and
Cyclic assembly work is known to imply a high risk for musculoskeletal disorders. To have operators rotate between work tasks is believed to be one way of decreasing this risk, since it is expected to increase variation in mechanical and psychological exposures (physical and mental loads). This assumption was investigated by assessing mechanical exposure variability in three assembly tasks in an e
Standoff identification of explosives at distances of up to 55 in has been performed by applying spontaneous Raman spectroscopy. This work has been focused on detection in a realistic environment, using an outdoors test field and performing experiments under varying weather conditions such as rain- or snowfall or bright sunshine. The instrumentation, based on a 532 nm pulsed laser source combined
An experimental investigation of lateral electron transport in thin metallic foil targets irradiated by ultraintense (>= 10(19) W/cm(2)) laser pulses is reported. Two-dimensional spatially resolved ion emission measurements are used to quantify electric-field generation resulting from electron transport. The measurement of large electric fields (similar to 0.1 TV/m) millimeters from the laser focu
