Search results

Photodoping as a nonvolatile and reversible method can be used to modify the carrier distribution at the heterojunction interface. Herein, we explore the 2D/3D van der Waals (vdW) graphene/silicon (G/Si) heterostructure in real time by terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy. Photoinduced doping is introduced by a continuous wave laser, which leads to a screening effect to the built-in electric fiel

High diagnostic efficiency as well as the optimization of patient and staff doses in positron emission tomography (PET) can be achieved by implementing quality assurance program. This study was focused on the requirements and basic aspects of quality assurance (QA) in PET combined with computed tomography (CT), that include equipment quality control (QC). QA systems include methods of image QC, ex

We present the first spatially resolved study of molecular gas in the vicinity of a gamma-ray burst (GRB), using CO(2-1) emission-line observations with the Atacama Large Millimetre Array at ∼50 pc scales. The host galaxy of GRB 980425 contains a ring of high column density H i gas, which is likely to have formed due to a collision between the GRB host and its companion galaxy, within which the GR

The growing attention to the negative side-effects of our use of plastics has led to numerous calls for changing the current plastics system. However, there is lack of coherent and systematic assessments of how and in what direction the plastics system should change to become more sustainable. This discussion brief explores five potential pathways: Bio-based, Biodegradable, Recycled, Fewer types a

In this work, the load disturbance rejection problem is studied. Specifically, the feedforward compensators are considered to reduce the effect of the disturbance in the process' performance. The authors propose simple tuning rules that can be easily applied to a wide range of processes improving the response against the disturbance. The improvement of the proposed method is measured through diffe

The compound La24Ru11 (tetracosalanthanum undecaruthenium) crystallizes in a Ce24Co11-type structure. The non-centrosymmetric crystal structure (space group P63 mc) contains RuLa6 trigonal prisms, La6 octahedra and LaRu4 tetrahedra and is closely related to that of Ce23Ni7Mg4. This communication highlights the crystal-chemical similarities and points out the differences between the two structures.

When daylight hours are limited, pedestrians are dependent on appropriate outdoor lighting. Although new city lighting applications must consider both energy usage and pedestrian responses, current methods used to capture pedestrian walking behaviour during dark conditions in real settings are limited. This study reports on the development and evaluation of a video-based method that analyses pedes

Plasticity can put evolution on repeat if development causes species to generate similar morphologies in similar environments. Anolis lizards offer the opportunity to put this role of developmental plasticity to the test. Following colonization of the four Greater Antillean islands, Anolis lizards independently and repeatedly evolved six ecomorphs adapted to manoeuvring different microhabitats. By

Many strains of Trichoderma fungi have beneficial effects on plant growth and pathogen control, but little is known about the importance of plant genotype, nor the underlying mechanisms. We aimed to determine the effect of sugar beet genotypic variation on Trichoderma biostimulation. The effect of Trichoderma afroharzianum T22 on sugar beet inbred genotypes were investigated in soil and on sterile

The use of protective barriers to isolate a metal surface from an aggressive environment is a common way to inhibit its degradation. We used ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to assess in real time the evolution of the copper surface and the contextual protective action of 2D material coatings (graphene and hexagonal boron nitride) towards copper oxidation. In an isobaric experimen

To keep their functional properties, it is crucial that protein aggregates maintain their structure after spray drying and that the powders can be fully rehydrated. In this study, microgels and fractal aggregates were prepared by heating a mixture of milk serum protein concentrate and lactose (40/60; %, w/w) at 85 °C for 15 min by varying the pH. Various fractions of native proteins were added to

This paper presents a solution to the saturation problem in cascade control schemes. When cascade control approaches work in linear mode without saturation influence, important improvements can be achieved in industrial control loops. The effect of disturbances and/or nonlinear actuator behaviours on the main process variables can be considerably reduced. However, when saturation arises in the inn

This article takes the public sauna at Frihamnen, a post-industrial harbor site in Gothenburg, Sweden, as an object of study in order to discuss the architecturalmonument in the era of the Anthropocene. Designed as a temporary prototype in 2014 by the Berlin based architecture office raumlabor, the building wasrecently granted monument status by the Gothenburg City Council. This article argues tha

Obesity rates are increasing globally, and recent theories suggest that phthalates may contribute to obesity development. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate associations between environmental phthalate exposure during childhood and obesity, utilizing data from 100 participants from a Swedish birth cohort. The participants were followed repeatedly from birth and provided spot urine sample

Assessing the transport of natural radionuclides in the atmosphere provides a powerful tool to study air mass circulation. Here, we investigated the seasonal atmospheric distribution of the naturally produced 7Be in surface air over Europe between 40° N and 68° N during the period 1975–2018. The results suggest that the inter-annual variability of 7Be reflects production rates of the radionuclide

The response of a position-sensitive Li-glass based scintillation detector being developed for thermal-neutron detection with 6 mm position resolution has been investigated using focused beams of 2.5MeV protons and deuterons. The beams were scanned across the detector in 0.5 mm horizontal and vertical steps perpendicular to the beams. Scintillation light was registered using an 8 × 8 pixel multi-a