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Since the building stock stands for significant part of the EU’s total energy use, energy renovations are needed in order to lower the negative environmental impacts. In Sweden, only 1 % of the total building stock is newly built i.e. the focus should be directed upon existing buildings. Moreover, most of the buildings in the “Million Program” from 1970´s are in need of renovations in order to kee
The U.S. decision to partner with the Kurdish militia YPG to combat ISIS in Syria has caused its longstanding ally Turkey to align with Russia and Iran, and risks doing permanent damage to the NATO-alliance, ostensibly to the detriment of U.S. national interests. Taken at face value, this seems to contradict standard notions in neo-realist theory about state behavior. Given this seeming paradox, a
Inför en digitaliserad, global ekonomi, vari nära hälften av multinationella företagsvinster går obeskattade, står vi på randen till en ny ordning för gränsöverskridande företagsbeskattning. Med sin tvåpelarlösning söker OECD lägga de första byggstenarna. En internationell minimiskatt, att krävas ut från stora multinationella gruppers slutliga föräldrar, föreslås att mota baseroderande skatteplaneFacing a digitalized global economy, where almost half of multinational corporate profits go untaxed, we find ourselves on the verge of tax revolution. With its two-pillar solution, the OECD seeks to lay the first building blocks of a new system for cross-border corporate income taxation. To counter avoidance, states are presented with an international top up minimum tax, to be charged at multinat
The future price of the FOREX rate is important for export-dependent countries and companies and the research regarding price prediction of FOREX is skewed towards the major currency pairs, leaving the smaller currency pairs to be unexplored. The study aimed to answer if the Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) or the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is the most suitable model for forecasting the rate of a s
En tredjedel av maten vi produceras slängs, mat som har tagit resurser och landyta i anspråk för att bli till. För att få bukt med det globala matsvinnet har FN satt ett hållbarhetsmål att halvera matsvinnet inom mathandel och hushåll till 2030. En faktor som kan kopplas till matsvinn är förpackningar. När de används korrekt förhindrar förpackningar matsvinn genom att ge skydd och ökad hållbarhet,Globally, about a third of the food produced is wasted. To address this issue, the United Nations has set a sustainability goal of reducing food waste in retail and household by 50\% to 2030. One factor that can be connected to the generation of food waste is packaging. When applied correctly, packaging prevents waste by providing protection and shelf life, but when packaging does not meet consume
Background Many companies today spend more than half of their sales turnover on purchased parts and services. One dollar saved in purchasing costs contributes straight to the bottom line of the company in theory. Besides from accounting, sourcing and purchasing activities contribute to risk management and value improvement. (Van Weele, 2014) Still, many practical challenges of implementing balance
Freedom of expression, including media freedom and pluralism, are at the core of the democratic processes. Media pluralism requires transparency, freedom and diversity in Europe’s media landscape. The broad perception and definition of the terms are based upon the willingness to charge media freedom and pluralism with expectations of very significant and sometimes even unachievable social and poli
By using panel data for 21 counties in Sweden from 2003 to 2013, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between tourism development and economic growth in this country, within the neoclassical growth framework. To address the objective of this study, the appropriate panel data methods are used, namely both static and dynamic panel approaches. The results show that tourism is a po
We have cloned the guinea pig neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 receptor and found it to be 92-93% identical to other cloned mammalian Y1 receptors. Porcine NPY and peptide YY (PYY) displayed affinities of 43 pM and 48 pM, respectively. NPY2-36 and NPY3-36 had 6- and 46-fold lower affinity, respectively, than intact NPY. Functional coupling was measured by using a microphysiometer. Human NPY and PYY were eq
A simple and sensitive immunoradiometric assay for the detection of islet cell surface antibodies (CIRMA) has been developed. Live, transformed islet cells derived from a liver metastasis of a transplantable islet cell tumor were grown in removable microtiter wells and incubated with antibody. Cell-bound antibodies were quantitated using 125I-labelled second antibodies. The assay was used to detec
Polymer films based on mixtures of ethyl cellulose (EC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) have been widely used to coat pellets and tablets to modify the release profile of drugs. For three different EC/HPC films we used 1H and 19F MRI in combination with a designed release cell to monitor the drug, polymer and water in 5 dimensional (5D) datasets; three spatial, one diffusion or relaxation and a
This study aims to develop a process model that details the mechanisms and learning processes by which entrepreneurial learning transpires at multiple levels in the organization. Using the transactive memory system (TMS) framework as a reference, the model specifies how individual streams of knowledge are routinized in nonhuman elements and, over time, become embedded in organizational routines an
To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a
This article presents the methodological requirements for clinical examination and patient-reported outcomes measurements. The assessment of any measurement for clinical research in hand surgery is difficult. A method of measuring a criterion could be 100% reliable but 100% invalid. Bias may be present in our assessment if we do not take into account the methodological requirements related to reli
Realising that human geography has been defined less by its canonical works but rather by its canonical concepts, the current status of the concept ‘rural’ puts a question mark over progress in human geography in terms of how well we have been able to adapt knowledge to reciprocate with societal change at large. As one of the oldest geographical concepts still in widespread use, ‘rural’ stands in
Swedish administrative law has not devoted much attention to the con-cepts of discretion or deference with respect to the administration. This is explained by the historically founded competence of administrative courts conducting a full review under the so-called administrative-judicial form of appeal. Here, the administrative court has the same decision-making competence as the deciding administ
