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Abstract in UndeterminedEconomic development that includes investments in infrastructure and buildings requires energy intensive basic materials such as steel and cement. The production capacity of these industries is also growing most rapidly in developing countries [WEC, 1995 #41]. Energy intensive industries typically account for a relatively small share of the value-added in industry but a rel

This paper studied associations between ocular symptoms, rhinitis, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue in students by ethnicity and in relation to exposure to chemical microbial markers and fungal DNA in vacuumed dust in schools in Malaysia. A total of 462 students from 8 randomly selected secondary schools in Johor Bahru, Malaysia, participated (96% response rate). Dust was vacuumed

The Swedish Mongol Mission (SMM) was an ecumenical union active mostly among Mongols in Outer and Inner Mongolia between 1897 and 1945. SMM were to establish five stations at the borders of the Gobi Desert from 1908 to 1944. The stations were Hallong Osso, Goltjaggan, Dojen, Hatt in Sum, situated in Inner Mongolia and Urga (in present Ulan Bator) situated in Outer Mongolia. In 1950 the activities

The purpose of this study is to dissect the process of ideological orientation in the public debate of postwar Sweden. Crucial to the study is the idea of a generic totalitarianism; a concept used both on a scholarly and a political level, focusing on the similarities between communism and Nazism, and the diverging guiding potential of this totalitarianism idea in different times and situations.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid internationell handel med varor utgår olika skatter och avgifter; dessutom kan varorna vara föremål för import- och exportbegränsningar. Genom frihandelsavtal kan dock bestämmas att vissa varor får importeras och exporteras tullfritt. De bestämmelser som således gäller för olika varor sammanfattas för skilda varuslag i tulltaxan. Varuklassificeringen har därför storIn international commerce, various taxes and charges are levied on commodities; besides, goods may be subject to import and export restrictions. However, free-trade agreements may stipulate that some goods can be imported and exported free of charge. The regulations pertaining to different types of merchandise are reflected in the customs tariff of a state or customs union. The application of many

Unstructured citizen-science data are increasingly used for analysing the abundance and distribution of species. Here we test the usefulness of such data to predict the seasonal distribution of migratory songbirds, and to analyse patterns of migratory connectivity. We used bird occurrence data from eBird, one of the largest global citizen science databases, to predict the year-round distribution o

The eighteenth century saw the slow but steady rise of the middling classes to their nineteenth century social and cultural prominence, reinforced by a changing political landscape and the steadily increasing importance of the market. As the social and cultural power of the city burghers making up the majority of the middling classes grew, so did they start to consume in a manner to reflect to the

Atmospheric particulate matter and dust from agricultural land significantly affect air quality and human health in nearby residential areas. To quantify these air pollutants, it is important to estimate the vertical atmospheric particulate matter PM2.5, PM10, and dust flux using observations and validated models. To the authors´ knowledge, this has previously not been performed for semi-humid agr

There is overwhelming evidence that hypertension is an important risk factor for both macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with diabetes, but the problem remains to identify appropriate goals for preventive therapies. A number of guidelines (the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 2007, the Joint National Committee (JNC)-V

Sponge city construction can improve cities’ ability to adapt to the environment change and the ability to cope with floods, and it can also prompt cities’ development to be more healthy and sustainable. However, the process itself of sponge city construction may also has impact on the environment especially in built-up areas, to reduce the impact, the rainwater landscape design needs to integrate

The end-Ordovician extinction consisted of two discrete pulses, both linked, in various ways, to glaciation at the South Pole. The first phase, starting just below the Normalograptus extraordinarius Zone, particularly affected nektonic and planktonic species, while the second pulse, associated with the Normalograptus persculptus Zone, was less selective. Glacially induced cooling and oxygenation a

Agricultural ecosystems are important for regulating terrestrial hydrological and carbon cycles. Hydrological and carbon processes in agricultural ecosystem models are complex due to interactions between parameters. It is therefore crucial to identify parameter sensitivity before a process-based model is applied for simulations and predictions of water, energy and carbon fluxes in agricultural ec

Our understanding and quantification of global soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and the underlying processes remain largely uncertain. Here, we assessed the effects of multiple anthropogenic and natural factors, including nitrogen fertilizer (N) application, atmospheric N deposition, manure N application, land cover change, climate change, and rising atmospheric CO2 concentration, on global soil

Given the increasing share of renewable energy, particularly solar power, there is a growing attention to resource use and disposal challenges associated with Photovoltaic (PV) modules. PV modules consist of multiple layers of materials like silicon, silver, aluminum, glass, and polymers, which makes them difficult to dismantle and recycle. Many recycling methods involve toxic chemicals and create

Klorparaffiner är ämnen bestående av klorerade kolvätekedjor och kan indelas i tre grupper: korta, mellan och långa ämnesgrupper. Denna rapport syftar till att sammanställa tillgänglig kunskap om klorparaffiner i helhet med inriktning på föroreningens förekomst och dess implikation på grundvatten. Samtliga ämnesgrupper har använts flitigt sedan 1930-talet inom metallbearbetning och plasttillverkniChlorinated paraffins are substances composed of chlorinated hydrocarbon chains and can be categorized into three groups: short, medium, and long chain compounds. This report aims to compile the available knowledge on chlorinated paraffins as a whole, with focus on the occurrence of these pollutants and their implications for groundwater. All groups of chlorinated paraffins have been extensively u

Air pollution caused by highly concentrated particulate matter is recognized as the biggest problem in Korean society. Since the problem is directly related to human life and local people's livelihoods, the demand for fundamental policies rather than short-term measures is growing. In this context, the strong policies of Seoul metropolitan government including emergency reduction measures whic