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CCR5-using (R5) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains cause CD4+ T-cell loss in most infected individuals, but mechanisms underlying cytopathicity of R5 viruses are poorly understood. We investigated mechanisms contributing to R5 envelope glycoprotein (Env)-mediated cellular apoptosis by constructing a panel of retroviral vectors engineered to co-express GFP and R5 Envs derived from
Reactions of the lightly stabilized triosmium cluster [Os-3(CO)(8){mu(3)-Ph2PCH2P(Ph)C6H4}(mu-H)] with tri(2-thienyl)phosphine (PTh3) and tri(2-furyl)phosphine (PFu(3)) are described and compared to analogous reactions with PPh3. At room temperature, a number of products are isolated: [Os-3(CO)(10)(mu-dppm)] from CO addition, [Os-3(CO)(8)(PR3){mu(3)-Ph2PCH2P(Ph)C6H4}(mu-H)] from phosphine addition
Background, aim, and scope We strive to predict consequences of genetically modified plants (GMPs) being cultivated openly in the environment, as human and animal health, biodiversity, agricultural practise and farmers' economy could be affected. Therefore, it is unfortunate that the risk assessment of GMPs is burdened by uncertainty. One of the reasons for the uncertainty is that the GMPs are int
Thermodynamic parameters are presented here illustrating the effects caused by the two anticancer active metal complexes cisplatin and oxaliplatin after introduction into four closely related RNA and DNA duplexes. The duplexes used are blunt end, fully complementary 15-mer duplexes with a centrally located either GG- or GNG (here: N = T or U) binding site. For all duplexes, a common trend of reduc
Digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR) calculates peripheral bone mineral density (BMD) from hand radiographs. The short-term precision for direct DXR has been reported to be highly satisfactory. However, long-term precision for this method has not been examined. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the long-term in-vitro precision for the new direct digital version of DXR. The in-vitro precisio
In this paper, the freeze-thaw stability of mayonnaise type oil-in-water emulsions is studied. The emphasis of the experiments have been on the properties of the dispersed oil phase as only small, or no effects, were observed from initial experiments on changing the properties of the aqueous phase within the investigated ranges. Different vegetable oils are investigated in order to relate the comp
This paper concerns the operational activities of the public security organs of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) during the immediate post-1949 period of regime consolidation. The main part of the paper is a case-study of a 1950 pilot scheme to recruit agents in critical sectors of industry and trade in the city of Yingkou in Northeast China, a scheme in due course subsumed under a nationwide
The early modern period has so far received little attention from archaeologists and anthropologists in Sweden. This study explores demographic patterns, social differences, family structure and mobility in a 16th-century skeletal population (n=102) from a preindustrial mining community (Salberget) in Bergslagen, Sweden, using a bioarchaeological perspective. Methodologically, the results of stron
Understanding the genetic consequences of changes in population size is fundamental in a variety of contexts, such as adaptation and conservation biology. In the study presented here, we have performed a replicated experiment with the plant Nigella degenii to explore the quantitative genetic effects of a single-founder bottleneck. In agreement with additive theory, the bottleneck reduced the mean
The Vel antigen is present on red blood cells (RBCs) from all humans except rare Vel-negative individuals who can form antibodies to Vel in response to transfusion or pregnancy. These antibodies may cause severe hemolytic reactions in blood recipients. We combined SNP profiling and transcriptional network modeling to link the Vel-negative phenotype to SMIM1, located in a 97-kb haplotype block on c
The final ATLAS Run 1 measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in the decay channel H -> ZZ* -> l(+)l(-)l(+)l'(-), where l, l' = e or mu, are presented. These measurements were performed using pp collision data corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.5 and 20.3 fb(-1) at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, respectively, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The H -> ZZ
The use of ground-source heat pumps for heating and domestic hot water in dwellings is common in Sweden. The combination with solar collectors has been introduced to reduce the electricity demand in the system. In order to analyze different systems with combinations of solar collectors and ground-source heat pumps, computer simulations have been carried out with the simulation program TRNSYS. Larg
During the last decade there has been an increase in the use of horizontal organizational relationships (HORs) such as strategic alliances, shared services, and outsourcing. Studies accentuate the unstable, fragile nature of HORS and the importance of directing attention to how these arrangements are formed and how and why they change. The aim in this study is to explore control problems of HORs a
Swedish dentistry has been exposed to frequent rationalisation initiatives during the last half century. Previous research has shown that rationalisation often results in increased risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders, thus reducing sustainability in the production system. In this prospective study, we assessed mechanical exposures among Swedish dentists in relation to specifi
Acrylamide, a probable carcinogen, is formed via the Maillard reaction between reducing sugars and the amino acid asparagine during heating of carbohydrate-rich foods. Potatoes contain high levels of these precursors, and thus potato crisps can contain high levels of acrylamide. In this study, the effect of blanching on the concentration of precursors and acrylamide content was studied in three po
OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between total tooth loss and bone mineral density to determine whether the former can be used as a surrogate marker of the latter. DESIGN: A community based cross-sectional survey. SETTING: The community-study area of the Faculty of Medicine, Galle. PARTICIPANTS: A group of randomly selected 327 women volunteers aged 32 to 97 years. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometr
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kemisk vittring har en avgörande betydelse för hur näringsämnen frigörs, ansamlas och kan utnyttjas i mark/växtsystemet. Vittringshastigheten har därför stor betydelse för hur skogs- och jordbrukare kan optimera skogsskötseln och skördeuttaget, inom ramen för ett uthålligt skogsbruk. I avhandlingen studeras vittring av epidot och lermineral för att vidareutveckla den geChemical weathering is one of the most important processes supporting life on Earth. Chemical weathering continuously contributes macronutrients and micronutrients to the soil solution. These recycling, essential elements are used as building blocks for all organic living matter. Chemical weathering is a vital factor in the analysis and understanding of a large number of important environmental is
