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Bacteria play a central role in the cycling of carbon, yet our understanding of the relationship between the taxonomic composition and the degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is still poor. In this experimental study, we were able to demonstrate a direct link between community composition and ecosystem functioning in that differently structured aquatic bacterial communities differed in t

Background: Only about half the studies that have collected information on the relevance of women's height and body mass index to their risk of developing ovarian cancer have published their results, and findings are inconsistent. Here, we bring together the worldwide evidence, published and unpublished, and describe these relationships. Methods and Findings: Individual data on 25,157 women with o

The motivation of this study is the general lack of knowledge regarding the efficiency and the appropriate use of the adaptation strengths of Siemens automatic exposure control system CARE Dose 4D. The purpose was to evaluate the effect on radiation absorbed dose using different adaptation strengths of CARE Dose 4D in three routine pediatric CT protocols. A pediatric anthropomorphic whole body pha

The present study collected and analyzed flow boiling data points which fall in the annular flow regime with an increasing heat transfer coefficient h - vapor quality x trend (h increases with increasing x) in small diameter channels (0.1 < dh < 3.1 mm) for halogenated refrigerants, CO2 and water. In this annular flow regime, heat transfer coefficient also depends on both heat flux and mass flux.

All seals and cetaceans have lost at least one of two ancestral cone classes and should therefore be colour-blind. Nevertheless, earlier studies showed that these marine mammals can discriminate colours and a colour vision mechanism has been proposed which contrasts signals from cones and rods. However, these earlier studies underestimated the brightness discrimination abilities of these animals,

The spectral coverage of a light-harvesting polymer largely determines the maximum achievable photocurrent in organic photovoltaics, and therefore constitutes a crucial parameter for improving their performance. The D-A1-D-A2 copolymer motif is a new and promising design strategy for extending the absorption range by incorporating two acceptor units with complementary photoresponses. The fundament

Soil disturbance is a common phenomenon in semi-natural sandy grasslands, caused by management practices, livestock trampling and erosion. To better understand ecosystem processes when the surface layers of the soil are disturbed, we investigated the effects of disturbance on different functional microbial groups by the use of signature fatty acid analysis. Four levels of disturbance were investig

Hemicelluloses isolated from agricultural residues have the potential to replace fossil-based materials in high-value-added applications, provided that cost-efficient isolation processes are developed. In this study, a feed solution containing hemicelluloses extracted from wheat bran with a particular high viscosity was used to study the performance of ultrafiltration for hemicellulose isolation a

Aim: To study the influence of specific factors and events during pregnancy and the perinatal period on the risk of children developing inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: Population-based national register study. Linkage between the Swedish Medical Birth Register and the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register during the period 1987 to 2000 identified 455 singleton infants who later developed inflam

Knee kinematics after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is of interest in studies evaluating the effect of training programs. Many studies have addressed knee flexion/extension but not valgus/varus movements. Considering that joint stability is a major concern in ACL reconstruction surgery, movements occurring in the frontal plane of the knee also deserve attention. Knee extensor tor

BACKGROUND: The barrier properties of the gastrointestinal mucosa may be studied by measuring its permeability to different-sized marker molecules. Owing to difficulties in obtaining human tissue it is, however, often necessary to extrapolate findings from experimental animals to man. The aim of the present study was to compare regional intestinal mucosal permeability in man, the rat, and the pig,

Prostaglandin E1 has earlier been shown to decrease pulmonary platelet trapping (PPT) following shock. This experiment was performed to evaluate a new method to study PPT in vivo, and to study the effect of prostaglandin E1 and a new antiplatelet drug (ticlopidine) on PPT in rabbits after i.v. administration of endotoxin. Following platelet labeling with In-111, the rabbits were placed under a sci

The task of specifying a brake system for a vehicle is without doubt one of the most crucial decisions a design manager must undertake in the development process of a vehicle. Improved vehicle aerodynamics, higher loads, more horsepower and increased road safety all create the need for more effective brake systems. The most dominant of these is the disc brake system, due to the absence of fade and

Social insects such as termites live in colonies in which cooperation is assumed by all individuals developing into castes to which specific tasks are allocated. Little has been reported about molecular aspects underlying termite caste-specific gene expression. Genetic regulation has recently been hypothesized to govern caste-specific traits and physiology in social insects. Cytochrome c oxidase (

The isolated amyloid substance in hereditary cystatin C amyloid angiopathy (HCCAA) is mainly composed of a cystatin C variant devoid of the 10 amino terminal amino acid residues of extracellular cystatin C from healthy individuals. We have developed a procedure for protein sequencing directly from agarose gel electropherograms and used this in conjunction with isoelectric focusing to investigate t

The inception of the sheet flow regime as well as the effects of the phase lag when the sheet flow regime is established were investigated for oscillatory flows and combined steady and oscillatory flows. A new criterion for the inception of sheet flow is proposed based on around 300 oscillatory flow cases from experiments. This criterion was introduced in the Camenen and Larson [Camenen, B., Larso

The reaction mechanism of propane ammoxidation was studied on an Al-Sb-V-W-oxide catalyst using a TAP-2 reactor system. Analyses of the responses from both high-speed pulse transients with reactants and TPD experiments were performed. Since the ammoxidation process with three reactants proceeds from propane to acrylonitrile over propylene as an intermediate, the experiments comprised oxidation of

1 We examined non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) stimulation for its stabilizing effect on bronchial smooth-muscle tone with respect to its regulatory power and the effect of variations in neural impulse frequency. 2 The guinea-pig isolated main bronchus (n = 4-12) was pretreated with indomethacin (1O JAM) and incubated with atropine (1 pM) and guanethidine (10 JM). Electrical field stimulatio

Popular Abstract in Swedish Föreliggande avhandling är en fallstudie vars empiriska material utgörs av kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer, deltagande observationer och textdokument. Avhandlingen uppmärksammar ett händelseförlopp på en nystartad svensk gymnasieskola. Förloppet inleds med kommunens och rektorns stora visioner för verksamheten och avslutas med att en samstämmig lärargrupp avsätter rektThis dissertation is based on a case study of a series of events at a newly started Swedish high school. The study employs a qualitative methodology comprising of interviews, participant observation and analysis of text documents. The series of events opens with the grand visions of the municipality and the school's principal for the school and concludes with the teachers at the school unanimously

The most important issue in this dissertation will be a discussion concerning metal age flint use in Scania. Since flint tools from the Bronze and Iron Ages and Medieval times have rarely been examined, there are few general guidelines in typology or morphology. It is quite clear that conversions of existing Stone Age typological schemes are unsuitable when one intends to study the often simple an