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Given preschools’ important role in shaping children’s learning and development surprisingly little is known about why some Swedish preschools are much more successful in offering high-quality early education than others. Earlier research has shown that socioeconomic gaps in educational achievements can largely be explained by knowledge gaps established during the preschool years. There may be soc
Economic impacts of drought events can amass to billions of Euros within the EU. Ways to estimate the amount of water in the soil is thus very valuable to gather information which could be used for decision making. This thesis looks at different ways to estimate the amount of water in the soil, the so called soil moisture. The E-HYPE model from the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute
Background: Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 aims to provide comprehensive estimates of exposure levels, relative health r
Problem and Urgency: A global loss of cultivated biodiversity and traditional knowledge and practices can be observed. It is, however, essential to preserve this heritage that contributes to climate resilience, diversification of ecosystems and the dynamization of rural areas. Approach: Based on the work with Connecta Natura in the Sierra de Espadán (Spain), this thesis makes a proposal for a netw
This paper compares the extraction effectiveness of six different commonly applied extraction techniques for the determination of PCBs in soil. The techniques included are Soxhlet, Soxtec, ultrasonication extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and accelerated solvent extraction. For none of the techniques were the extraction conditions optimized, but instead the
Platelet transfusion refractoriness is a serious clinical concern that complicates the management of thrombocytopenic patients. Previous studies have suggested a potential role for both complement and platelet activation based on in vitro analyses of platelet concentrates. In this study, the post-transfusion platelet response, as indicated by the corrected count increment at 1 and 24 h after proph
The SDGs provide a global policy framework for regulatory actions at national, regional and international levels. However, when it comes to how to locally implement these goals it is important to understand the context of the local reality. This paper has two objectives. It seeks to critically analyse how the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) goals are framed by civil society organizations (CSO
The corporate reporting practice is adapting to rising demands by stakeholders and shareholders for an enhanced consideration of non-financial information. These interest groups demand management to look beyond the financials and determine which factors create long-term value for the organisation. Moreover, regulatory pressure is exercised on the company. The purpose of this thesis is thus, to ga
Aims Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) and beta-blockers are associated with improved outcome in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). In this post hoc analysis of the CIBIS III trial, we examined the influence of the order of drug administration on clinical events and achieved dose. We also assessed the relations between dose levels and baseline variables or adverse events. M
Anti-C1q has been associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis in previous studies. We studied anti-C1q specificity for SLE (vs rheumatic disease controls) and the association with SLE manifestations in an international multicenter study.
Popular Abstract in Swedish Målsättningen med detta avhandlingsarbete har varit att undersöka cyklin D1 och HIF-1 i förhållande till ÖR i brösttumörer. Ytterligare en målsättning var att undersöka om cyklin D1 och HIF-1 kan påverka utfallet av tamoxifenbehandling i kliniska bröstcancerstudier. I delarbete 1 fann vi att i ÖR-positiva tumörer med områden där tumörcellerna faktiskt var ÖR-negativa, Estrogen receptor (ER) status can define breast cancer patients who would benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. However, resistance to tamoxifen is often observed and possible mechanisms may be loss or reduction of ER, dysfunctional ER- signaling and ligand independent activation of the receptor. Hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor-1? (HIF-1) expression has been correlated to loss of ER in bre
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kärnmagnetisk resonans (NMR) är en metod som bygger på att många atomkärnor uppför sig som mycket små magneter. Detta i sin tur beror på att kärnan beter sig som en liten roterande laddning. Man säger att kärnan har ett spinn, eller att kärnan är ett spinn. I min avhandling använder jag mig av en fantastisk egenskap hos kärnspinnen. Om man stör systemet kIn the work presented, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation is used to study wide range of systems. The thesis concerns solvent interactions studied with relaxation techniques that involve measurements at many fields, which allows the separation of individual relaxation mechanisms. The approach also makes it possible to characterize the involved dynamic properties in much greater detail. T
A first clinical evaluation has been made of the performance of a newly devised immunofluorometric assay for measuring plasma concentrations of activated protein C (APC) in complex with protein C inhibitor (PCI). The method was compared with testing for other markers of hypercoagulability in a case-control study comprising 123 patients with clinical suspicion of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The dia
