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Antibiotic persistence arises when a subset of cells in an otherwise susceptible bacterial population temporarily exhibits elevated tolerance to bactericidal antibiotics. While significant progress has been made in elucidating persister mechanisms, much of this research has focused on Gram-negative bacteria, and these findings are not always applicable to Gram-positive species. This study explores
Throughout the 1980s, a progressive increase in the incidence of Streptococcus pyogenes-related invasive infections has occurred. It has been suggested that a host-related immunogenetic background, as well as bacterial virulence factors may play an important role in the outcome of streptococcal infections. Here, we present the first case of pancarditis in the literature caused by direct bacterial
Popular Abstract in Swedish Papillomvirus (PV) är små virus som förmodligen infekterar alla däggdjur samt fåglar. De papillomvirus som infekterar människa kallas humant papillomvirus (HPV) och kan infektera antingen huden eller slemhinnor. Att livmoderhalscancer orsakas av bestående infektion med HPV har varit känt länge. Man har länge också misstänkt att HPV-infektioner i huden kan orsaka icke-meThe causal relationship between persistent genital infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) and development of cervical cancer is well established. In contrast, the significance of infections with cutaneous HPV for development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is not well understood. We have evaluated whether seropositivity to cutaneous HPV is a marker for cutaneous HPV infection and used high
Popular Abstract in Swedish Mot en sammanhållen och hållbar biomassapolitik: En studie av europeisk biomassa-för-energi-planering Biomassa används för många ändamål. När den används som biobränsle för att producera energi utgör den en förnybar energikälla med många fördelar, bl. a. i form av minskade utsläpp av växthusgaser och en ökad trygghet i energiförsörjningen. Men biomassa är även en råvaCoordination of policies embracing biomass use has been called for in order to speed up progress towards the European Union renewable energy and climate change goals. Policy coordination and coherence is also required if the many complex and diverse issues constraining sustainable bioenergy development are to be addressed. To contribute to meeting such needs this doctoral thesis provides insights
The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse changes in the pledge element of the ordination in the Church of Sweden. The transition in 1893 from a clerical oath to an affirmation will be particularly in focus and its causes and effects identified. My intention is thus to contribute to the history of the Swedish clerical oath, describing its complexity and multifarious range of meaning. In
Since type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients with nephropathy (DN+) are insulin-resistant, we aimed to identify (new) potential molecular sites involved in the alterations of glucose metabolism in these patients. We examined the expression of glycolytic enzymes in cultured fibroblasts from T1DM(DN+) patients as compared to those from T1DM patients without nephropathy (DN-) and from controls. Pyr
The ABBI (Audio Bracelet for Blind Interaction) device is designed for visually impaired and blind children to wear on the wrist and produce sound based on the movement of the arm through space. The primary func- tion is to inform a child (or adult) about his/her own movements to aid spatial cognition rehabilitation. How- ever, the device could also be worn by friends and family and be used to inf
The reported rate of detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA within atherosclerotic lesions by PCR varies between 0 and 100%. In this study, identical sets of coded experimental atheroma samples (n = 15) and spiked controls (n = 5) were analyzed by 16 test methods in nine centers by means of PCR. The positive controls were correctly identified to levels of 1, 0.1, and 0.01 inclusion bodies of C. pne
Background For unknown reasons, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are clustered in certain individuals. Here we propose a novel, genetically determined cause of susceptibility to acute pyelonephritis, which is the most severe form of UTI. The IL-8 receptor, CXCR1, was identified as a candidate gene when mIL-8Rh mutant mice developed acute pyelonephritis (APN) with severe tissue damage. Methods and
Female students' traditional and non-traditional choices of education is the subject of this study. Facing difficult choices on different levels of the educational system girls often, statistically, make traditional choices, but they also in different ways break traditional patterns. The study takes its starting-point in the following issues: What is the girls' understanding of the formal liberty
About 25% of C2-deficient homozygotes have increased susceptibility to severe bacterial infections. C2-deficient homozygotes had significantly lower serum levels of IgG2, IgG4, IgD, and Factor B, significantly higher levels of IgA and IgG3 and levels of IgG1 and IgM similar to controls. Type I ( 28 bp deletion in C2 exon 6 on the [HLA-B18, S042, DR2] haplotype or its fragments) and type II ( non-t
The therapeutic potential of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF) for Parkinson's disease is likely to depend on sustained delivery of the appropriate amount to the target areas. Recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors ( rAAVs) expressing GDNF may be a suitable delivery system for this purpose. The aim of this study was to define a sustained level of GDNF that does not affect the
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) employs various strategies to modulate host immune responses to facilitate its persistence in macrophages. The Mtb cell wall contains numerous glycoproteins with unknown role in pathogenesis. Here, by using concavalinA and LC-MS analysis we identified a novel mannosylated glycoprotein phosphoribosyl- transferase, encoded by the Rv3242c, from Mtb cell walls. Homolog
Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is an organic polycation used extensively as a gene- and DNA vaccine delivery reagent. Although the DNA targeting activity of PEI is well documented, its immune activating activity is not. We recently reported that PEI has robust mucosal adjuvanticity when administered intranasally with glycoprotein antigens. Here we show that PEI has strong immune activating activity after
A high energy supply and appropriate amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids is crucial for proper growth and development in neonates. The capacity for fatty acid absorption in newborns is however hampered due to an undeveloped pancreatic function combined with a low bile output. This seems in particular to limit fatty acid absorption in babies given infant formulas. Since interaction between the li
The purpose of this paper has been to show how NMR diffusometry can be used to convey information about structure and dynamics of complex fluids. The information can be obtained without the need to invoke complicated models. In fact, simple reasoning pertaining to how a molecule may diffuse through the studied systems allows one to chose between different conceivable solution structures and to obt
This thesis covers aspects of the mature human B cell and its different guises on its way to become a fully differentiated antibody forming plasma cell (AFC), the key player in the humoral immune system. The understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms taking place in the B cell, as it first encounters antigen, enters the germinal center (GC) reaction, giving rise to memory cells and plasma c
Popular Abstract in Swedish Grupp B streptokocker (GBS) är den vanligaste orsaken till blodförgiftning, lunginflammation och hjärnhinneinflammation i nyföddhetsperioden. Ungefär en fjärdedel av alla kvinnor är koloniserade (bärare) genitalt av GBS under graviditeten och förlossningen. Hälften av barnen till dessa kvinnor blir smittade av bakterien i samband med födseln, men bara en liten del av deInfection with group B streptococcus (GBS), an encapsulated bacterium, is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Capsular polysaccharides and cell surface proteins of GBS are candidate antigens for development of a human GBS vaccine. Proteins have many advantages as vaccine antigens. The majority of the neonatal infections are caused by strains of capsular serotypes Ia, Ib, II, II
