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This chapter explores how nursing home managers grapple with local manifestations of the wicked problems that plague elderly care. It shows the tension between managers' lofty ideals of high-quality, individualized care and their continuous struggle to handle very basic troubles that ultimately appear to be grounded in a lack of resources, such as high personnel turnover and staff complaints about
Infection represents an evolutionary arms race between pathogen and host. Thus, scientists find that pathogenic microbes have evolved elegant strategies to manipulate or avoid our immune system, allowing them to persist within the human population. This thesis is largely focused on how bacteria regulate and exploit the type I interferon (IFN) response in infected macrophages – a processes of centr
The purpose of the present study is to introduce a point process model for characterizing the pattern of atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes. A variant of the bivariate Hawkes process is proposed, accounting for clustered episodes. The model parameters are inferred by the maximum likelihood method. The goodness-of-fit analysis show that model fits the data in most of the recordings (27 out of 32). T
Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v), the main causative agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), can be isolated from both the eyes and lower alimentary tract. However, the molecular features of CVA24v in feces is not well-documented. In this study, we compared the VP1 and 3C sequences of CVA24v strains isolated from feces during AHC epidemics in Cuba in 1997, 2003, and 2008–2009 with thos
The complement system resembles a double-edged sword since its activation can either benefit or harm the host. Thus, regulation of this system is of utmost importance and performed by several circulating and membrane-bound complement inhibitors. The pool of well-established regulators has recently been enriched with proteins that either share structural homology to known complement inhibitors such
Lactic acid bacteria with antifungal properties are applied for biopreservation of food. In order to further our understanding of their antifungal mechanism, there is an ongoing search for bioactive molecules. With a focus on the metabolites formed, bioassay-guided fractionation and comprehensive screening have identified compounds as antifungal. Although these are active, the compounds have been
To be able to connect wirelessly to the internet is nowadays a part of everyday life and the number of wireless devices accessing wireless networks worldwide are increasing rapidly. However, with the increasing number of wireless devices and applications and the amount available bandwidth, spectrum shortage is an issue. A promising way to increase the amount of available spectrum is to utilize fre
Analysis of the system of criminal procedure in Sweden in light of the proposal for the establishment of a European Public Prosecutor's Office.
The Gag polyprotein is implied in the budding as well as the establishment of the supramolecular architecture of infectious retroviral particles. It is also involved in the early phases of the replication of retroviruses by protecting and transporting the viral genome towards the nucleus of the infected cell until its integration in the host genome. Therefore, understanding the structure– function
This investigation was performed to study whether the efficient binding of collagen to monocytes in the presence of fibronectin and heparin may be used for separation of monocytes from human peripheral blood. It was shown that monocytes adhere selectively to gelatin bead columns in the presence of fresh plasma and heparin. Mononuclear blood cells are rapidly depleted of monocytes by passage throug
CD46 is a cell surface complement inhibitor widely expressed in human tissues, in contrast to mice, where expression is limited to the testes. In humans, it has been identified as an important T cell costimulatory receptor, and patients deficient in CD46 or its endogenous ligands are unable to mount effective Th1 T cell responses. Stimulation of human CD4(+) T cells with CD3 and CD46 also leads to
Evidence of the effectiveness of the tests used to diagnose Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in primary healthcare is limited. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the accuracy of tests used for to diagnose H. pylori infection in primary care patients and its relationship with gastroduodenal pathologies. Over 12 months, 173 primary care patients with dyspeptic symptoms were referred for upper
Building on narratives of students in adult education in Sweden, where the majority of the students are young adults, this paper argues that adult education has both negative and positive aspects in helping individuals to be recognised as valuable. Students, often part of the precariat class, have not always been able to survive in the job market and have a history of failing in upper secondary sc
Attention Restoration Theory point to nature as a particularly good candidate for restoring the ability to focus and inhibit distractions. However, little effort has been directed to elaborating on what makes nature's visual pattern unique for restoration purposes. One suggested explanation is the fractal properties of natural patterns (Hagerhall, 2005). Both perception studies (Hagerhall et al.,
This thesis, which is based on four original papers, covers different aspects of antibody development. The overall goal of my work has been to obtain an increased understanding of antibody repertoires as they develop in vivo and in vitro. In Paper I-III antibody repertoires was evaluated and used to dissect virus-induced antibody responses and characterize such antibodies. Furthermore, tools for m
Forskningsfråga: Hur uppfattar unga vuxna en normbrytande tonalitet ifrån varumärken på sociala medier? Syfte: Syftet med studien är att förstå hur kommunikationen uppfattas och vilka reaktioner unga vuxna får, samt vilka följder som konsumtion och image det får. Metod: Kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med unga vuxna (18-25 år), kompletterad med utvalda inlägg från DuolingResearch question: How do young adults perceive a norm-breaking tone of voice from brands on social media? Purpose: The purpose of the study is to understand how the communication is perceived, what reactions it evokes from young adults, as well as what consequences it has for consumption and brand image. Methodology: A qualitative method in the form of semi-structured interviews with young adul
I detta arbete studeras hur word of mouth fungerar i praktiken. Word of mouth är passerande, verbal och informell information. I huvudsak handlar det om rekommendationer men även generell information från en person till en annan. Word of mouth är ett mänskligt fenomen som har funnits sedan urminnes tider då människor är kommunicerande varelser. På senare år har dock fenomenet word of mouth blivit
Alloimmunization against human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a during pregnancy can cause foetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) and severe bleeding in the foetus or newborn and likely depends on several factors. HPA-1a alloimmunization is associated with DRB3*01:01, which is associated with several DR-DQ haplotypes. However, it is not known to what extent these haplotypes contribute to the
