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n the current study, we address the underlying mechanism for the selective generation of gut-homing T cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). We demonstrate that DCs in the GALT are unique in their capacity to establish T cell gut tropism but in vivo only confer this property to T cells in the presence of DC maturational stimuli, including toll-like receptor-dependent and -independent
A nested case–control study of invasive and in situ cervical cancer was performed within a community-based cohort of 13 595 Taiwanese women assembled in 1991, with a follow-up period of 9 years. Baseline serum or plasma samples were analysed for antibodies against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 16 and 18 and Chlamydia trachomatis. In total, 114 cases (42 incident cases identified during follo
Background Impaired muscarinic receptor-mediated vasodilation is an important feature of early atherosclerosis. Earlier studies on apolipoprotein E-knockout mice (apoE-KO) mice suggested adverse effects of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection on the endothelial vasomotor responses of aortas to the muscarinic agonist methacholine. Using additional aorta samples the present study investigated the response
Hanteringen av barn som begår brott är ett allt mer omdiskuterat ämne, särskilt mot bakgrund av den markanta ökningen av grova våldsbrott som begås av barn under 18 år. Samtidigt som svensk gällande rätt traditionellt präglats av principen att barn inte ska fängslas, har allt fler unga frihetsberövats. Detta aktualiserar både rättsliga och etiska frågor om hur samhället bör agera när barn begår alThe treatment of children who commit crimes is an increasingly debated topic, particularly in light of a marked increase in serious violent crimes com- mitted by children under 18. While Swedish law has traditionally been char- acterized by the principle that children should not be imprisoned, the reality is that more and more young people are being deprived of their liberty. This raises both lega
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a major driver of evolution and a key source of innovation in the microbial world. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as plasmids and phages, often act as agents of HGT or as vehicles for cargo genes, some of which define the adaptive potential of the host organism in specific environments. These genes are involved in immunity, anti-immunity, virulence, and anti
The pressure to design, develop and implement systems that exploit the potential of technological innovation in effective and efficient ways that contribute to the organisational goals never ceases. Post 1945 industrialisation evolved from mechanisation of industrial processes through to computerisation to the age of digitalisation and beyond. From the study of mechanisation of work in coal mining
Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v), the main causative agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), can be isolated from both the eyes and lower alimentary tract. However, the molecular features of CVA24v in feces is not well-documented. In this study, we compared the VP1 and 3C sequences of CVA24v strains isolated from feces during AHC epidemics in Cuba in 1997, 2003, and 2008–2009 with thos
SUMMARYVaccines work primarily by eliciting antibodies, even when recovery from natural infection depends on cellular immunity. Large efforts have therefore been made to identify microbial antigens that elicit protective antibodies, but these endeavors have encountered major difficulties, as witnessed by the lack of vaccines against many pathogens. This review summarizes accumulating evidence that
The purpose of the present study is to introduce a point process model for characterizing the pattern of atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes. A variant of the bivariate Hawkes process is proposed, accounting for clustered episodes. The model parameters are inferred by the maximum likelihood method. The goodness-of-fit analysis show that model fits the data in most of the recordings (27 out of 32). T
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore experiences of persons in Nepal using lower-limb prostheses, in relation to specific articles in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities that consider mobility, education, health, rehabilitation, and work and employment. Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 persons using lower limb prostheses. Content analysis was
Inference of antibody gene repertoires using transcriptome data has emerged as an alternative approach to the complex process of sequencing of adaptive immune receptor germline gene loci. The diversity introduced during rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV), diversity, and joining genes has however been identified as potentially affecting inference specificity. In this study,
A method is presented that combines advanced experimental and numerical techniques in the determination of constitutive parameters. The general principle is that a specimen, producing a non-homogeneous stress state, is deformed rapidly. Load and deformation is recorded during the deformation and the event is also simulated using FEM. For the numerical calculation a set of constitutive parameters i
Alloimmunization against human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a during pregnancy can cause foetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) and severe bleeding in the foetus or newborn and likely depends on several factors. HPA-1a alloimmunization is associated with DRB3*01:01, which is associated with several DR-DQ haplotypes. However, it is not known to what extent these haplotypes contribute to the
With more and more digital collections of various information resources becoming available, also increasing is the challenge of assigning subject index terms and classes from quality knowledge organization systems. While the ultimate purpose is to understand the value of automatically produced Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) classes for Swedish digital collections, the paper aims to evaluate th
The close relationship between young children’s living conditions and their healthlater in life is well documented and a safe and healthy environment during earlychildhood promotes cognitive functions and social development during the wholelifespan. Becoming a parent is a major life transition and it is sometimes described as a stressful and vulnerable time involving changes to lifestyle and routi
Incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is rising in several countries. Intriguingly, large variations of HPV16 viral load and different proportions of the physical viral status among HNSCC have been reported. We analysed fresh biopsies of 275 HNSCC patients from the South Swedish Health Care Region for HPV types with modified general primer P
