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When measuring the production rates of heat and smoke of upholstered furniture the ignition source must not influence the test results. In this paper variations in the strength, application time and geometry of the ignition burner used in the furniture calorimeter are studied. Results from replicate furniture calorimeter chair test show that the burning behaviour is almost independent of the burne

We investigated the effects of an exotic snail, the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in tropical wetland ecosystems. This large snail (up to 80-mm shell height) has invaded large parts of Southeast Asia during recent decades. A survey of natural wetlands in Thailand showed that high densities of the snail were associated with almost complete absen

We have carried out accurate, systematic calculations for the 2s2p(3 5)S(2)(o)-2s(2)2p(2 3)P(1,2) E1] lines at 1660.807 and 1666.153 Angstrom in O III. Uncertainty estimates for their A values and the lifetime of the S-5(2)o level have been determined from a set of quality criteria. A lifetime of 1.21 +/- 0.06 ms is recommended for this level, in excellent agreement with a recent experiment. The c

Popular Abstract in Swedish Baserat på ett nytt data material bestående av observationer på 16 variabler i 232 val i Afrika, görs tre olika analyser. Först avvisas ett antal etablerade hypoteser om nutida Afrikansk politik och demokratisering. Sedan påvisas valens självförstärkande och självförbättrande kraft med hänvisning till institutioners interna logik och strukturering av aktörers incitamenThis book is about elections and democracy in newly democratizing countries. Building on a new data set of 5,568 observations in 232 elections, it provides evidence elections have a casual impact on improving the quality of democracy in Africa in more than one way. The study demonstrates multiparty elections do not signal the end of transitions to democracy but rather foster liberalization and hav

The smoothness-constrained least-squares method is widely used for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) inversion of apparent resistivity data sets. The Gauss-Newton method that recalculates the Jacobian matrix of partial derivatives for all iterations is commonly used to solve the least-squares equation. The quasi-Newton method has also been used to reduce the computer time. In this me

Optical region spectra of 31 HgMn stars have been studied for the abundance and isotope mixture of mercury. In the course of the investigation the lines Hg I lambda 4358 and Hg Ii lambda lambda3984,6149 have been studied, with abundances established for all three lines in several HgMn stars. The mercury isotope mixture has been determined from high resolution spectra of the lambda 3984 line.Possib

The middle Cambrian -Furongian transitional interval was a time of significant biotic and environmental changes. Strata of this age in Scania, southern Sweden, contain two interlayered biofacies, a normal one dominated by trilobites and an anomalous one dominated by phosphatocopines (small bivalved arthropods). In places these biofacies are separated by intervals barren of fossils. In a phosphatoc

Sunni Muslims have immigrated to and lived in Chicago for more than a hundred years. In her book Schmidt seeks, on basis of two periods of extended fieldwork, to provide a description of some activist strata of these religious communities. The description is framed by the portrayal of a number of Muslim institutions existing within the city and the interpretation of Islam that takes place within t

The dissociation of DNA-cationic surfactant complexes with the addition of a negative amphiphile was studied by fluorescence microscopy (FM). The unfolding of DNA molecules previously compacted with cationic surfactant was shown to be dependent on the anionic surfactant chain length; lower amounts of a longer-chain surfactant were needed to release DNA into solution. However, we observed no depend

We have investigated the properties of cobalamin complexes with imidazolate using the density functional B3LYP method, In particular, we have compared imidazolate (Imm) with imidazole and 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB), and studied how constraints in the axial Co-N bond length may affect the strength of the Co-C bond. The results show that the optimum Co-N-Imm bond is similar to0.2 Angstrom short

We calculate the one-loop effective action of the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory for center-vortex configurations, both in 3D and 4D. We find that in both cases there are minima of the effective action, corresponding to vortices of the transverse size approximately 4/g(3)(2) and 1.7/Lambda((MS) over bar), respectively. The values of the effective actions at the minima are negative, suggesting that the Eu

Popular Abstract in Swedish None.This thesis presents numerical investigations and simulations of fixed bed combustion of wood, models for predicting thermal radiative properties of particles and gases related to the combustion of wood, and a review of heat load calculations in gas turbines. All subjects have a common factor in thermal radiation. One 2D and one 3D model were considered for the fixed bed combustion. The introducto

A study of effects induced in the Be is core level spectrum and in the surface band structure after Si adsorption on Be(0001) is reported. The changes in the Be is spectrum are quite dramatic. The number of resolvable surface components and the magnitude of the shifts do decrease and the relative intensities of the shifted components are drastically different compared to the clean surface. The sur

My study; The Common European Asylum System in Poland; prospects for implementation and legitimacy is a case study of an EU member state, Poland, and its ability to implement lawfully and legitimately the second phase of the Common European Asylum System. The implementation prospects have been investigated through an empirical study on previous implementation performance, administrative capacity a

This paper traces the role of innovation in China, a developing economy striving for developed status. China has enjoyed blockbuster economic growth over the past three decades thanks to economic reforms which have allowed it to utilize its comparative advantages as a low cost center of manufacturing and become the so called ‘workshop of the world’. But much of China’s growth to date has stemmed f

Ecotourism is a strong and upcoming branch of the traditional tourism industry. Is there a strong demand among tourists for travelling in accordance with ecological and ethical principles? This study uses an established framework for the definition of ecotourism to estimate the demand for some ecotourism criteria among visitors at the Cuyabeno Reserve in Ecuador. A survey based on the Choice Exper