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Kommuner har bestämmanderätt över planprocesser och det finns idag en diskussion om huruvida det byggs för mycket på värdefull åkermark. Överexploatering av jordbruksmark kan bero på att kommuner saknar tillräckliga incitament att beakta markens värde för en tryggad nationell livsmedelsförsörjning i sina beslutsprocesser. För att införliva detta värde i beslutsprocessen kan dagens skydd i miljöbal

Many artificial systems simulate the physiological state of the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and its separate compartments. These systems have the biorelevant media and imitate the physical forces and transit times of the GIT compartments, however, they lack the food-related and within-compartmental regulations and thus issues with translation of the data obtained to clinics arise. We aimed

Abstract: The zooplankton community of The Area of Multiple Use Hawaii (AUMH), South Pacific Coast of Guatemala mangrove channel ecosystem was studied in the dry season between February and March 2011. Zooplankton samples were taken during two lunar cycles, four tidal cycles (flood, high water (HW), ebb, low water (LW)), at four different sites. For each sampling occasion, salinity, pH, dissolved

EU:s mervärdesskattesystem är idag uppbyggt kring destinationslandsprincipen, vilket innebär att försäljning till annat land inom EU inte påläggs någon skatt. Mervärdesskatt upptas istället i destinationslandet. Detta var till en början tänkt som en övergångs-ordning. Den slutliga ordningen för mervärdesbeskattningens vidkommande var tänkt att baseras på ursprungslandsprincipen, där skatt läggs påThe European VAT system is built around the destination principle, which means that intra-community sales are exempt from taxation. Instead VAT is collected in the buyers member state. This system is in fact an interim system, and according to art. 402 of the VAT directive must be replaced by a system based on the origin principle. This would mean that VAT is also levied on intra-community sales b

This essay provides an analysis of the relation between the value added tax (VAT) and the size of the informal sector in Africa. The proposed hypothesis is that due to incentive mechanisms provided by VAT, tax evasion, and hence the size of the informal sector, should decrease when VAT replaces other standard consumption taxes, primarily the retail sales tax (RST) and the turnover tax (TOT). The

The Israel-Palestinian conflict has always had the interest of many academic fields. We will in this thesis look into some of the social-psychological mechanisms that can occur in, what we address as, an intractable ethnonational conflict. We will use theories of societal beliefs, clash of narratives, irretraceable ethnonational conflicts and identity. Through two documentary films, “Promises” and

Uppsatsen undersöker huruvida marknadsföringslag (2008:486) är tillämplig lag vid ingripanden mot könsdiskriminerande reklam. Lagen förbjuder otillbörlig marknadsföring. Enligt lagens inledande paragraf är skyddsintresset konsumenter och näringsidkares ekonomiska intressen. Marknadsföringslag (2008:486) saknar ett specifikt lagrum som förbjuder könsdiskriminerande reklam. För att utreda om ingriThis thesis examines whether or not the Swedish Marketing Act (Marknadsföringslag (2008:486)) is the applicable law for possible measures against gender-discriminating marketing. The law prohibits unfair business practices. According to its first section, the protective interests of the law are the economic interests of consumers and businesses. The Swedish Marketing Act does not entail specific

Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine has prompted an extensive sanctions regime by the European Union (EU), which now plays a significant role in shaping the practice of international arbitration. These sanctions have not only made it more difficult to enforce international contracts, but have also placed lawyers in a difficult position, caught between legal obligations and ethical conside

This study’s purpose was to examine how 3 female managers subjectively thought about and related to femininity in relation to their leadership role. The emphasis was put on how the respondent viewed perceptions about leadership as a socially constructed concept, upon gender norms and a traditionally masculine leadership stereotype, and if, and how, they themselves consider this to have affected th

Varje år ges tusentals barn och unga insatser inom ramen för den svenska samhällsvården. Placeringar i bland annat familjehem, på HVB, SiS-hem eller i det egna hemmet utgör en väsentlig del av samhällets vård till denna utsatta grupp. Vid ett tvångsomhändertagande inom ramen för LVU är det socialnämnden som enligt 11 § första stycket LVU ska besluta var barnet eller den unga ska placeras. NämndensEvery year, thousands of children and young people are cared for within the Swedish social welfare system. A crucial aspect of society’s care to this vulnerable group is the possibility of carrying out placements in for example foster families (familjehem), HVB residential care homes (HVB), a SiS’s special residential homes for young people (SiS-hem), or in their own homes. When a child is taken i

Den tekniska utvecklingen innebär nya möjligheter för informationssamhället, men möjliggör även nya kränkningar av den personliga och sexuella integriteten. En samtida utveckling som är ett särskilt tryckande hot mot integriteten är möjligheten att skapa pornografiska deepfakes, AI-genererat pornografiskt material som avbildar en enskild person. Detta arbete utreder i vilken utsträckning den enskiWith technological advancements come new possibilities for the digital age, but also the risk of a new kind of violations of personal and sexual integrity. A recent development that constitutes an especially pressing threat to the integrity of individual persons is the ability to create pornographic deepfakes, AI-generated pornographic material of an individual person. This essay examines to what

Sedan den 1 juli 2018 bygger den svenska sexualbrottslagstiftningen på avsaknad av frivillighet istället för förekomsten av våld, hot eller en särskilt utsatt situation. Till följd av ändringarna tillkom även ett nytt brott i brottsbalken (1962:700) – oaktsam våldtäkt. Syftet var att sända ett normativt budskap och understryka varje människas rätt till sexuell integritet och sexuellt självbestämmaSince 1 July 2018, the Swedish sexual offences legislation is based on the absence of voluntariness instead of the presence of violence, threats or a particularly vulnerable situation. As a result of the amendments, a new offence was added to the Criminal Code (1962:700) – negligent rape. The aim was to send a normative message and emphasise the right of every person to sexual integrity and sexual

This study examines narratives of Self- and Other-identification in social media content of actors, directly and indirectly involved in the conflict in eastern Ukraine. The aim is to shed light on how social media can be instrumentalised as a means of constructing Self and Other in the context of ongoing conflict. The analysed actors are Ukrainian and Russian political elites, representatives from

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (The Declaration) has gained increasing attention as a tool for promoting indigenous rights. This study contributes to the discussion about its effectiveness by analysing the Declaration’s role in advancing indigenous peoples’ self-determination. A qualitative case study is conducted with Māori activists in New Zealand, using a rig

Emotional Strain - Social Workers Experience of their Psychosocial Working There has been a rise in work-related mental health issues that leave people sick and absent from work. This is especially true for people in social work and in municipal social services with exercise of public authority. The employer has the legal responsibility for a healthy work environment, yet the responsibility for t

In Sweden, buying sex is an illegal act that is also often viewed as immoral, which is understood in this thesis as sex buyers being stigmatized. The aim of this study was therefore to understand how Swedish men who buy sex describe themselves and how they discuss the criminal act of buying sex in an escort forum on the Internet. A qualitative method with a netnographic viewpoint was used wherein

The European Union (EU) can no longer portray itself as a community of democracies since Hungary was recently classified as an electoral authoritarian regime. This was the culmination of a trend of democratic decline, which stands in contrast to the fundamental values the EU proudly denotes are its foundation. The thesis departs from this contradiction and finds theoretical relevance in R. Daniel

Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction are associated with the aging process, and can be attributed to mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial genes involved in cellular respiration. Mitochondrial DNA is particularly prone to damage due to its proximity to reactive oxygen species in the mitochondrial matrix. With the current advances in gene therapy studies for both inherited and acquired diseas

Originally from chaos theory, “the butterfly effect” as a concept indicates the verisimilitude of how the most insignificant thing can have a significant ripple effect in a certain process. By analogy, courts are not immune to the “butterfly effect”. Due to the rapid proliferation of legal regimes and bodies, courts are confronted with unorthodox situations requiring that they interface one-anothe