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Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease exclusively produced by the prostate epithelium, and abundant in seminal fluid. In serum, PSA is predominantly complexed to a liver-derived serine protease inhibitor, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). A higher proportion of serum PSA is complexed to ACT in prostate cancer than in benign prostate hyperplasia. Since the molecular b
Background. The definition of a "difficult" cannulation varies considerably in reports of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Aims. To define a difficult cannulation, which translates into higher risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Patients and methods. Prospective consecutive recording of 907 cannulations in Scandinavian centers done by experienced endoscopists. Inclusion: indicati
OBJECTIVE - To elucidate whether family characteristics and stressful life events were associated with onset of autoimmune type 1 diabetes in young adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This investigation was based on a nation-wide study (Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden) of newly diagnosed patients aged 15-34 years. Patients clinically classified as type 1 diabetic with antibodies to islet cell
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ärftlig blindhet orsakas oftast av sjukdomar där näthinnans fotoreceptorer, som ombesörjer omvandlingen av ljus till elektriska impulser, degenererar. Det anses att denna celldödsprocess styrs av ett antal olika mekanismer och projektets mål är att försöka identifiera och karaktärisera dessa mekanismer. Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) är en ärftlig sjukdom där en genetisk defRetinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited disorder and the leading cause of visual impairment in the working age population. It is caused by a number of different genetic mutations, all of which cause the rod photoreceptors to degenerate. As the rods become few in numbers, the cones will also begin to die, resulting in total blindness. Since the genetic defects leading to RP are numerous, it would
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling utgår ifrån en önskan att finna en växtart som är diploid fakutativ apomikt. En diploid är en organism som, liksom människan, innehåller två kromosomuppsättningar, och en fakultativ apomikt är en växt som sätter frön både sexuellt (med befruktning) och apomiktiskt (utan befruktning). En växt med de begärda egenskaperna skulle ge oss goda möjligheter att
Introduction: Assessing left ventricular (LV) systolic function in a rapid and reliable way can be challenging in the critically ill patient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of, as well as the association between, commonly used LV systolic parameters, by using serial transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Methods: Fifty patients with shock and mechanical ve
We examined the association between self-reported consumption of fruits and vegetables and prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Data on food consumption and complete follow-up for cancer incidence were available for 130,544 men in 7 countries recruited into EPIC between 1993 and 1999. After an average of 4.8 years of follow-up, there were
Many birds and mammals store energy as hoarded food supplies. A supply of stored food is beneficial during periods when food is scarce, but building up and managing such a supply also entails costs. The optimal number of caches will be reached when the net benefit is at its maximum. If dominants can steal more stored food from subordinates than the other way around, the optimum will differ between
The central findings of the volume are summarized under three principal themes: Patterns of transnational actor participation in international institutions; alternative explanations of these patterns; and consequences of involving transnational actors in global governance. Four dimensions, encompassing unanswered questions, are identified: formal vs. informal access; supply vs. demand; autonomy vs
It is generally assumed that whereas referential nominal phrases are at least of DP size, predicative nominal phrases are structurally smaller. However, this paper argues that at least in Scandinavian, predicative nominal phrases as well as referential nominal phrases can be bigger than, equal to, or smaller than DP. Hence, the only consistent difference between nominal arguments and nominal predi
This study explores the organising of services for disabled children and their families in Sweden. It is based on 83 interviews with parents and involved staff surrounding four disabled children, with both physical and intellectual disabilities, and between two and nine years old. Further, 15 meetings between parents and staff were observed, primarily serving as background material. The service pr
Many pathogens express a surface protein that binds the human complement regulator factor H (FH), as first described for Streptococcus pyogenes and the antiphagocytic M6 protein. It is commonly assumed that FH recruited to an M protein enhances virulence by protecting the bacteria against complement deposition and phagocytosis, but the role of FH-binding in S. pyogenes pathogenesis has remained un
