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Popular Abstract in Swedish Sammanfattning på svenska Denna doktorsavhandling beskriver några olika optiska metoder för diagnostik av biologisk vävnad. Målet har främst varit att utvärdera och förbättra dessa metoder för att kunna skilja mellan olika typer av cancertumörer, eller förstadier till sådana, och frisk vävnad. Om uppmätta data behandlas på ett lämpligt sätt kan man få information om väThis thesis deals with the development and evaluation of some different optical techniques for tissue characterization. The main aim has been to improve and evaluate such investigative techniques in in vivo studies. In this attempt a key issue has been to gain understanding in the underlying mechanisms of laser-based diagnostics of premalignant and malignant lesions and to evaluate methods

Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a novel treatment for type-2 diabetes. DPP-4 inhibition prevents the inactivation of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), which increases levels of active GLP-1. This increases insulin secretion and reduces glucagon secretion, thereby lowering glucose levels. Several DPP-4 inhibitors are in clinical development. Most experience so far has been with sitag

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Thirty-five strains of Pasteurella multocida from humans and animals were tested for susceptibility to five cephalosporins by a broth dilution method. Cefcanel showed high activity against all isolates (MIC and MBC, less than or equal to 0.64 micrograms/ml). The corresponding figure for cefaclor and cefuroxime was 2.56 micrograms/ml. Cefadroxil and cephalexin were the least active compounds tested

Three different SPE sorbents (weak cation exchange, mixed cation exchange, and hydrophobic-lipophilic balance polymers) were compared in terms of recovery, precision, and the effect of matrix components on analyte response for the determination of fluoroquinolones antibiotics. The influence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (Na(2)-EDTA) was as well tested. Two of the sorbents, hydro

A separation between mecA+ strains of Staphylococcus aureus and strains lacking mecA was achieved by the disk diffusion assay and the agar dilution method, utilizing disks containing 5 microg of oxacillin and inocula of approximately 5 x 10(5) CFU/spot, respectively, provided that agar with 0 to 0.5% NaCl and incubation at 30 degrees C were employed. The 5-microg oxacillin disks clearly discrimina

Finegoldia magna is an anaerobic bacterial species that is part of the normal human flora on all nonsterile body surfaces, but it is also a significant opportunistic pathogen causing a wide range of infections. Some isolates of F. magna that are more frequently associated with clinical infection express protein L, a surface protein containing multiple homologous domains (B1-B5) that bind Igs throu

Corporate Social Responsibility är ett koncept som bygger på att företag på en frivillig basis tar ett ansvar för de sociala och miljömässiga konsekvenserna av sin verksamhet (Forum Syd, 2010:7, Yankson, 2010:358). Inom ramen för CSR ryms en rad olika aktiviteter, varav en kan vara företagsinitierade utvecklingsprojekt. Företagens möjlighet att bidra till utveckling återkommer i Sida, FNs och UNDP

This paper seeks to develop an understanding of how configurations of masculinity were shaped and represented by the Swedish Ballet in the 1920s through the use of a symbolic language of signs. With in-depth analysis of storylines, roles and scenography I aim to show how certain symbols, signs and metaphors where tied together to display masculinity. Further, by applying theory on space/place, thi

On the basis of ethnographic fieldwork, this thesis sheds light on the experiences of urban Syrian refugees in re-establishing livelihoods in Istanbul after displacement. The first part of the thesis identifies social exclusion mechanisms, including lack of access to a stable legal status, education and permission to work legally, as well as extensive discrimination and harassment as constituting

Migration is a globally studied social issue, that can cause changes in the demographic composition of the population and the structure of society. Azerbaijan has been experiencing different waves of migration in the country since gaining its independence. One of the largest waves is the emigration from rural to urban areas. Although there are studies focusing on why people leave the villages, th