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We identify biomarkers for disease progression in three type 2 diabetes cohorts encompassing 2,973 individuals across three molecular classes, metabolites, lipids and proteins. Homocitrulline, isoleucine and 2-aminoadipic acid, eight triacylglycerol species, and lowered sphingomyelin 42:2;2 levels are predictive of faster progression towards insulin requirement. Of ~1,300 proteins examined in two
IMPORTANCE: The clinical utility of stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in stable chest pain is still debated, and the low-risk period for adverse cardiovascular (CV) events after a negative test result is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To provide contemporary quantitative data synthesis of the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of stress CMR in stable chest pain.DATA SOURCES: PubMed
Background: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is associated with higher cholesterol levels, and an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities after initiation of amyloid-modifying therapies. A worse cognitive response to cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment and longitudinal outcome in APOE ε4-carriers has been observed. Based on these c
Pain, use of painkillers and alcohol are highly prevalent in the general population. Aims of the study were to describe differences in pain, alcohol consumption and use of painkillers among two 60 year old birth cohorts stratified by gender. Participants were recruited from the Skåne centre of The Swedish National study on Aging and Care, a multicentre, prospective, longitudinal study. The sample
Hjärtsvikt betecknar ett syndrom som innebär att hjärtat har otillräcklig förmåga att försörja kroppen med blod. Detta kan antingen bero på att hjärtat inte kan fyllas med eller stöta ut tillräckligt med mängd blod. Patienter med hjärtsvikt har i allmänhet hög dödlighet, detta trots att stora framsteg har gjorts avseende behandlingen av hjärtsvikt, speciellt sedan 1980-talet. Femårsöverlevnaden föIntroduction: Despite major advances, the incidence rate and mortality of heart failure (HF) remains high, with a five-year survival of approximately 50%. At the time of inception of this thesis the familial risks of HF, including the aspects of mortality, were largely underdetermined. This thesis is composed of four papers with the main aims as follows:To determine the risk of hospitalization of
This article draws on empirically derived illustrations of return to work and unemployment to critically explore how a narrow understanding of work pervades contemporary social policies and programmes. This is particularly relevant in economic and labour market transitions aligned with neoliberalism that individualise the social problem of unemployment and thus restrict occupational possibilities
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) for medicine and health care is rapidly evolving. However, the automation, scale and data dependency of AI-driven decision-making and decision-support calls for a reassessment of principal ethical and legal norms of transparency, in the light of these novel methodologies. The quality of AI-driven health care, we argue, is depending on it. In this cha
Background Influenza and other respiratory viruses promote Streptococcus pneumoniae proliferation in the upper respiratory tract. We sought to investigate for what we believe is the first time, the effect of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) on nasopharyngeal S pneumoniae density in a low-income to middle-income country population with high pneumococcal carriage rates. Methods I
Objective: We aimed to study the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status at the age of 40 years and risk of ischemic stroke before the age of 50 years. Methods: All individuals in Sweden were included if their 40th birthday occurred between 1998 and 2010. National registers were used to categorize neighborhood socioeconomic status into high, middle, and low and to retrieve informatio
Background: Survivors of childhood cancer are at increased risk for a wide range of late effects. However, no large population-based studies have included the whole range of somatic diagnoses including subgroup diagnoses and all main types of childhood cancers. Therefore, we aimed to provide the most detailed overview of the long-term risk of hospitalisation in survivors of childhood cancer. Metho
The doubly magic nucleus 100Sn represents a crucial test for the nuclear shell model, which is a widely used model for a quantitative description of nuclei. Excited states in 100Sn are experimentally not accessible with present day techniques, but it is possible to gain insight into its structure by studying the properties of excited states of neighboring nuclei. These nuclei
Syfte: Denna uppsats avser att undersöka hur köpprocessen ser ut för konsumenter i generationerna Baby Boomers och Silent Generation under pågående Coronapandemi. Arbetet kommer tydligt fokusera på de fem stegen i The five-stage model för att bidra med ytterligare teoretisk kunskap om köpprocessen online, för konsumenter inom de valda generationerna. Metod: Undersökningen har ett hermeneutiskt f
Bostads- och servicesektorn utgör 40 procent av Sveriges totala energianvändning. Endast småhus står för drygt 8 procent. Energin som används i småhus går i huvudsak till uppvärmning och varmvatten. 2020 var direktverkande el den vanligaste energikällan för uppvärmning av småhus (Energimyndigheten 2022). Elpriset har stigit kraftigt under det senaste året. Detta kan eventuellt ha påverkan på boendThe building and service sector consume 40 percent of Sweden’s total energy use. Which of only single-family houses are responsible for 8 percent. The energy used in single family houses mainly goes to heating and hot water. 2020 the most common energy source for heating these buildings was electricity (Energimyndigheten 2022). The energy prices have increased heavily during the last year. This ma
Bakgrund Löpning som aktivitet är ett tillgängligt sätt att nå upp i de rekommendationer om fysisk aktivitet som ges av FYSS (fysisk aktivitet i sjukdomsprevention och sjukdomsbehandling). Löpning för med sig ett flertal hälsofördelar, bland annat förbättrad mental och kardiovaskulär hälsa. Trots dessa fördelar är det vanligt att löpare drabbas av skador på det muskuloskeletala systemet. Dessa ska
Frågan om bevisning utgör en viktig fråga även i skiljeförfaranden. I synnerhet skriftlig bevisning är viktig då den överlag anses vara mer tillförlitlig än muntlig sådan. Det är därför av vikt att part får tillgång till all skriftlig bevisning, även sådan som motpart eller annan kan tänkas inneha. Om dessa dokument frivilligt företes av part eller tredje man uppstår inga problem. Problemen börjar
Gambling and the national gambling markets has so far not been harmonised through any Community law regulation or directive. Instead gambling is covered by the general principles of Community provisions for the free movement of services article 49, and the closely connected article 43 regulating the freedom of establishment. This has been established through the case law of the ECJ. The Member Sta
Barsebäcks kärnkraftverk driftsattes 1975 och den första reaktorn togs ur drift 1999 och den andra 2005. Nedmontering och rivning av kärnkraftverket har inletts och processen beräknas vara klar på 2030-talet. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att kartlägga eventuell radioaktiv kontamination i området runt Barsebäcksverket. Mitt mål är att ta fram en metod för att särskilja bakgrundsstrålning från Background and aim: The Barsebäck nuclear power plant (NPP) units ceased operations in 1999 and 2005. Now the NPP is in the phase of decommissioning, which is a complicated process that will take many years to complete. Radiological characterization of the surrounding area is a part of the decommissioning process. The aim of this thesis was to identify and quantify residual anthropogenic radioacti
The present paper examines contributions of corporate responsibility to respect human rights —outlined in the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights— to eradication of the problem of workplace discrimination in Myanmar, a developing country in Southeast Asia undergoing a transition from an authoritative military rule to a civil democratic government. Based on the analysis o
Den här studien undersökte effekter av en stresshanteringsintervention, som genomfördes med åtta elever på en svensk gymnasieskola under hösten 2015. Hypoteserna inför projektet var att interventionen som varade under åtta veckor skulle ha en positiv effekt på användandet av adaptiva copingstrategier samt reducera upplevd stressnivå och öka självskattad hälsa. De utfallsmått som användes var PerceThis study examined the effects of a stress management intervention that was carried out with eight Swedish high school students (Swedish gymnasium) during the fall semester of 2015. The hypotheses were that the eight week intervention would have a positive impact on the usage of adaptive coping strategies, reduce perceived stress for the participants and increase self-estimated overall health. Th
