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This paper investigates the determinants of corporate cash holdings in the casino and gambling industry. The trade-off, pecking order and free cash flow theory are all popular methods for explaining the determinants of cash holdings for general firms. This paper examines traditional financial variables, macroeconomic variables and a specific time period variable for the effects of the financial cr
Today densification of existing urban fabric is the main strategy for how to sustainably meet the needs of a growing population. But what does this development mean for ecological values inside of the city? Historically, we have thought of cities and the human kind as apart from nature, as a defense from wilderness and natural forces. Today we can no longer think only of ourselves as vulnerable to
Skattelagstiftning styrs av principer, som ibland kan säga emot varandra och då behöva vägas mot varandra. I förarbeten redogör lagstiftaren för hur denna bedömning ser ut, och det är möjligt att genom förarbeten analysera vilka principer lagstiftaren behandlar, hur de behandlas och hur de vägs mot varandra. Det finns olika sätt att dela in skatterättsliga principer; ett sätt är att dela in dem i Tax law is governed by principles, that sometimes may contradict each other and then need to be weighed against each other. In preparatory works the lawmaker gives their account for how the assessment of principles looks like, and it’s possible through preparatory works to analyse which principles the lawmaker considers, how they’re considered, and how they’re weighed against each other. There are
The aim of this thesis is to analyse how the Commission has managed to successfully set its EU energy policy as high priority policy on the EU policy agenda. The empirical material used in this study were analysed through the lens of Multiple Stream Approach theory, the Framing Theory, and the securitization concept. Several events leading up to the EU Energy Union from 2000 and onward are discuss
Experience gained from cooperation between dermatologists and vascular surgeons in 177 patients evaluated at a joint leg ulcer clinic is reported. Patients were divided into two subgroups: (i) 86 patients with healed ulcers and (ii) 91 patients with ongoing therapy-resistant ulcers. Venous insufficiency was the most common etiology in both subgroups (87% and 55%, respectively). Of previous therapy
In recent years, self-employment has emerged as an important avenue of economic livelihoods for immigrants in the western world, including the Chinese immigrants. The debate on immigrant self-employment has been widely discussed across academia and given a considerable attention by researchers, policymakers and governments. This study addresses the self-employment experience of Chinese immigrants
The overall purpose with this thesis has been to consider whether cross-border cooperations funded by Interreg strengthen or undermine the nation-state. A case study has been carried out, where the South Baltic cross-border co-operation has constituted a case. The result is based on material of nineteen interviews with stakeholders from five different countries representing subnational level, nati
Förr i tiden existerade närmare 90 % fler våtmarker på Öland än vad som finns idag. Innan ut-dikningen hade ägt rum fungerade Ölands strandvallar som en barriär för vattnet så det förhindrades att strömma ut mot Östersjön. I huvudsak lutar topografin på Öland österut vilket bidrar till att vattnet automatiskt transporteras från väst mot öst. Genom att dika ut och ta bort delar av de naturliga hindIn the past the need to enhance land use for agricultural purposes resulted in ditching of land and existing beach deposits to reduce wetlands. The ditching resulted in a 90% decrease of wetlands on Öland together with a decrease in groundwater. Before the drainage had started the beach deposits on Öland worked as a barrier that pre-vented the water to run off towards the Baltic Sea. The topograph
For some time Sweden has avoided the involvement of therapy dogs in health and social care. In spite of other countries who’s been using dogs for several years, Sweden has been sceptical of the alleged positive influence that dogs supposedly can have on humans. In countries like England, Austria and the US you can find educations on university level for dogs to be used when treating humans. Up unt
Itch is a common symptom, but there is limited evidence on the prevalence of itch in children. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of itch in schoolchildren. A questionnaire was developed by experts in the field and based on a literature search. The questionnaire was applied in a pilot study of 25 consecutively selected paediatric patients and their parents. It confirmed the high co
Pitch and voice quality are increasingly understood as closelyintertwined. While Swedish and Norwegian word accents have traditionally been understood in terms of pitch, Danish stød, which is systematically related when it comes to distribution and function, has been described as a type of creaky voice. According to the Laryngeal Articulator Model (LAM), both pitch lowering and creaky or harsh voi
Meeting the goals set out in the Paris Agreement will require rapid and deep reductions of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) across all sectors of the global economy. Like all major societal transformations, this climate transition will impact both social and technical aspects of society and, depending on how it evolves, will reallocate social and economic benefits and costs differently. Recognising
Numerical validation is at the core of machine learning research as it allows to assess the actual impact of new methods, and to confirm the agreement between theory and practice. Yet, the rapid development of the field poses several challenges: researchers are confronted with a profusion of methods to compare, limited transparency and consensus on best practices, as well as tedious re-implementat
Byzantium has played only a minor role, if any at all, in the Western appropriation of knowledge on Islam. One exception to this is the Panoplia dogmatike by Eustathios Zigabenos, active under and working on the commission of the Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081-1118). The Panoplia dogmatike ('Dogmatic Armoury') was a most imperial text, designed to support the emperor's fight against
This letter proposes a novel wideband, single-layer monopolar antenna with high selectivity and enhanced pattern stability across the operating band. Building upon a conventional circular patch antenna, the rejection levels of the upper and lower sidebands are carefully analyzed, designed, and optimized to achieve the desired performance. To further improve performance, a shorting-via-loaded ring
We construct tradable risk factors using combinations of large and liquid mutual funds (long leg) and ETFs (exchange-traded funds) (long and short legs), based on their holdings, for both retail and institutional investors. Exploiting a novel dataset, our tradable factors take into account ETF shorting costs. Assessing the performance of our tradable factors against standard “on-paper” factors, weWe construct tradable risk factors using combinations of large and liquid mutual funds (long leg) and ETFs (exchange-traded funds) (long and short legs), based on their holdings, for both retail and institutional investors. Exploiting a novel dataset, our tradable factors take into account ETF shorting costs. Assessing the performance of our tradable factors against standard “on-paper” factors, we
Urban form is consisting of several complex parameters which can affect urban microclimate in the energy calculations; most importantly the geometry of buildings, streets andcanopies. This study with a novel design-based approach generates 400 urban forms in the context of a dense urban area to evaluate the air flow and consequently the ventilation potential with the aids of CFD simulations in the
