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Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Felaktig DNA-reparation av typen mismatch repair (MMR) uppkommer i 15-17% av cancer i tjock- och ändtarm (kolorektalcancer). MMR defekter är av betydelse i tre situationer: • MMR defekta tumörer har en bättre prognos än övrig tjock- och ändtarmscancer, vilket kan användas för att avgöra huruvida en patient skall erbjudas sk. adjuvant Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is carcinogenic and can either have somatic/sporadic causes (i.e. epigenetic silencing or somatic inactivation) or hereditary causes (Lynch syndrome due to a germline mutation in one of the MMR genes ¬- MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2). The identification of MMR defective colon cancer is clinically relevant for diagnostic, prognostic and potentially also for treatment-predi

During the Mesoproterozoic, central Fennoscandia and Laurentia (Greenland) were characterized by a weakly extensional stress regime, as evident from episodic rapakivi granites, dolerite dykes, continental rift intrusives, sandstone basins and continental flood basalts. Along the southwestern active margin of Fennoscandia, the 1.64-1.52 Ga Gothian and 1.52-1.48 Ga Tele-markian accretionary events r

Previous studies on autobiographical memory have focused on unimodal retrieval cues (i.e., cues pertaining to one modality). However, from an ecological perspective multimodal cues (i.e., cues pertaining to several modalities) are highly important to investigate. In the present study we investigated age distributions and experiential ratings of autobiographical memories retrieved with unimodal and

Background: Models based on using perturbative polarization corrections and mean-field blocking approximation give conflicting results for masses of odd nuclei. Purpose: We systematically investigate the polarization and mean-field models, implemented within self-consistent approaches that use identical interactions and model spaces, to find reasons for the conflicts between them. Methods: For den

In milk, a stable fluid is formed in which sequestered nanoclusters of calcium phosphate are substructures in casein micelles. As a result, calcium and phosphate concentrations in milk can be far in excess of their solubility. Variations of calcium, phosphate and casein concentrations in milks, both within and among species, are mainly due to the formation of the nanocluster complexes. Caseins evo

Using the Swedish military enlistment test, this paper estimates the return to schooling for individuals belonging to different parts of the ability distribution. It also attempts to predict whether an endogenous test score causes bias in the "ability-specific" returns to schooling that varies with the test score. A significant finding is that a higher score in the test is associated with a higher

We reply to Christoph Jager's criticism of the conditional probability solution (CPS) to the value problem for reliabilism due to Goldman and Olsson (2009). We argue that while Jager raises some legitimate concerns about the compatibility of CPS with externalist epistemology, his objections do not in the end reduce the plausibility of that solution.

Poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers have previously been shown, as cationic condensing agents of DNA, to have high potential for nonviral gene delivery. This study addresses two key issues for gene delivery: the interaction of the biomembrane with (i) the condensing agent (the cationic PAMAM dendrimer) and (ii) the corresponding dendrimer/DNA aggregate. Using in situ null ellipsometry and neutron

We investigate the generation of even and odd harmonics using an intense laser and a weak second harmonic field. Our theoretical approach is based on solving the saddle-point equations within the strong field approximation. The phase of the even harmonic oscillation as a function of the delay between the fundamental and second harmonic field is calculated and its variation with energy is found to

Chronic inflammation has been strongly associated with tumor progression, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we demonstrate that E3 ligase Itch and deubiquitinase Cyld formed a complex via interaction through 'WW-PPXY' motifs. The Itch-Cyld complex sequentially cleaved Lys63-linked ubiquitin chains and catalyzed Lys48-linked ubiquitination on the kinase Tak1 to terminate inflammato

We here describe the result of simulations of 15 generic neutron instruments for the long-pulsed European Spallation Source. All instruments have been simulated for 20 different settings of the source time structure, corresponding to pulse lengths between 1 ms and 2 ms; and repetition frequencies between 10 Hz and 25 Hz. The relative change in performance with time structure is given for each inst

Humans have more than doubled the amount of reactive nitrogen (Nr) added to the biosphere, yet most of what is known about its accumulation and ecological effects is derived from studies of heavily populated regions. Nitrogen (N) stable isotope ratios (N-15:N-14) in dated sediments from 25 remote Northern Hemisphere lakes show a coherent signal of an isotopically distinct source of N to ecosystems

We report the novel observation that engagement of beta 2 integrins on human neutrophils is accompanied by increased levels of the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 in a membrane-enriched fraction and a concomitant decrease of these proteins in a granule-enriched fraction. In parallel, we observed a similar time-dependent decrease of gelatinase B (a marker of specific and gelatinase B-containing granule

Work in rodents has demonstrated that progenitor transplantation can achieve limited photoreceptor replacement in the mammalian retina; however, replication of these findings on a clinically relevant scale requires a large animal model. To evaluate the ability of porcine retinal progenitor cells to survival as allografts and integrate into the host retinal architecture, we isolated donor cells fro

In most parts of preindustrial Europe, road transport was a crucial part of rural life as it linked the agricultural producers with urban markets. This study focuses on the development of road transport during the agricultural transformation in order to understand its importance in agricultural change. Scania, in southern Sweden, provides the possibility of examining the basic patterns in the road

Den religiösa seden att omskära pojkar är mycket omdiskuterad. Den ena gruppen ställer sig bakom föräldrarnas rätt till religionsfrihet, den andra ställer sig bakom pojkars rätt till kroppslig autonomi och religionsfrihet, det vill säga rätten att inte bli omskuren. I denna uppsats kommer dessa intressen att beaktas ur ett EKMR-perspektiv. Europadomstolen har ännu inte prövat ett fall om pojkars rThe religious practice to circumcise boys is widely debated. One group is siding with the parental right to freedom of religion. The other is siding with boys’ right to bodily autonomy and freedom of religion, that is, not to be circumcised. In this thesis, these interests will be considered from the perspective of the ECHR. The ECtHR is yet to try a case regarding boys’ right or lack thereof not

This study examines periods as a question of politics, by highlighting experts’ views on knowledge about menstrual health in Sweden, from a feminist and human rights perspective. Previous studies have indicated that knowledge regarding menstrual health is lacking, hindering women’s from achieving fundamental human rights. This study's purpose is thus to create a greater understanding of menstr