Aims/hypothesis: The rapid remission of type 2 diabetes by a diet very low in energy correlates with a marked improvement in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), emphasising the role of beta cell dysfunction in the early stages of the disease. In search of novel mechanisms of beta cell dysfunction after long-term exposure to mild to severe glucotoxic conditions, we extensively characterise

BACKGROUND: Exercise and education is recommended as first-line treatment by evidence-based, international guidelines for low back pain (LBP). Despite consensus regarding the treatment, there is a gap between guidelines and what is offered to patients. Digital LBP treatments are an emerging way of delivering first-line treatment.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate outcomes after partic

Background/Purpose: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Systemic inflammation, driven by cytokines such as TNF, IL-6 and IL-17A, has been implicated as a contributing factor to CVD development in RA. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of 92 inflammatory proteins on the risk of CVD events in patients with early RA.Me

Innovation has received widespread attention in research and in the business world because it plays a crucial role in organization survival and longevity. This especially rings true in the retail industry, as opportunities and challenges confront retailers due to the ongoing disruption of the industry. As retailers face increasing pressure to make innovation a strategic priority, and as major reta

Cyanobakterier är urgamla prokaryoter, som finns i en mängd olika livsmiljöer över hela världen. Deras förmåga att utföra fotosyntes (det vill säga att använda solljus, vatten och koldioxid för att producera syre- och kolhydrater) gör dem till viktiga primära producenter, och tillsammans med andra växtplankton utgör de basen för akvatiska näringsvävar.Vid optimala tillväxtförhållandena kan populatCyanobacterial blooms are increasing in occurrence and frequency world-wide, mainly due to eutrophication and increased water temperatures. In freshwater, Microcystis is one of the most common bloom-forming genera, renowned for producing the toxin microcystin which is harmful to humans and other mammals. The ability of Microcystis strains to produce microcystins is largely due to the presence or a

BackgroundCongenic leptin receptor deficient rat generated by introgression of the Koletsky leptin receptor mutation into BioBreeding Diabetes Resistant rat (BBDR.lepr−/−) is a novel animal model combining obesity, systemic insulin resistance and diabetes. Systemic insulin resistance is associated with reduced myocardial glucose utilization, but its effect on myocardial external efficiency, i.e. t

Background: With a trend toward de-escalation of axillary surgery in breast cancer, prediction models incorporating imaging modalities can help reassess the need for surgical axillary staging. Although mammography is routinely performed for breast cancer imaging, its potential in nodal staging remains underutilized. This study aims to employ advancements in deep learning (DL) to comprehensively ev

AIMS: Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), a mucin produced by serosal cells in response to mechanical and inflammatory stimuli, has emerged as an important biomarker to guide risk stratification in heart failure (HF). The prognostic value of CA125 in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients is less explored.METHODS: In a cohort of 524 ACS patients (73% males, mean age 67 ± 12 years), we assessed the a

IMPORTANCE An accurate prognosis is especially pertinent in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), when individuals experience considerable uncertainty about future progression. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of tau positron emission tomography (PET) to predict clinical progression from MCI to dementia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This was a multicenter cohort study with external valid

Purpose of the studyIn this paper, we discuss the unexploited possibilities of user-orientation to promote sustainable governance and management of value co-creation in innovation projects within welfare service ecosystem. The paper’s theoretical framework takes the outset in public service logic (PSL) and its user-oriented perspective. As such, we test the thesis that service-innovation seriously

Firefighters are occupationally exposed to a large number of toxic compounds (IARC 2010). The occupational exposure of firefighters has been classified as potentially carcinogenic (class 2B, IARC; (Straif K. et al. 2007)). Poorly quantified emission factors and low understanding of when various aerosol emissions are likely to form during a fire event (initiation, combustion, extinguishing) inhibit

Arctic and subarctic areas have experienced a rapid warming and substantial increases in precipitation in recent decades. The frequency and intensity of some extreme events, such as fires, winter warming events, extreme rainfall, and droughts, has also increased. These climatic changes and other anthropogenic factors have caused profound changes in arctic and subarctic ecosystems with important im

Background: No liquid biomarkers are approved in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), making early detection of recurrence in surgically treated nonmetastatic (M0) patients dependent on radiological imaging. Urine- and plasma free glycosaminoglycan profiles—or free GAGomes—are promising biomarkers reflective of RCC metabolism. Objective: To explore whether free GAGomes could detect M0 RCC recurrence noninv

Semi-natural grasslands are characterized by high fine-scale plant species richness. The richest grassland communities, with many habitat-specialist species, are found in ancient grassland sites that have a long continuity of grazing management and low levels of soil nutrients. Grazed grasslands were widespread in the historical landscape. Agricultural intensification over the last two centuries h

The role of Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), the main protein component of HDL, in cholesterol transport and metabolism is well known and has been studied for more than four decades. More recently, ApoA-I protein has been shown to also have a positive role in glucose control by both stimulation of glucose uptake by muscles and by increasing glucose-stimulated pancreatic insulin secretion. Two of the f

Background: Change is something all organizations experience, and in the fast-paced business-world that is today, the ability to change needs to be higher than ever. The problem is, individuals hate change, it is in our genes to resist it, which complicates how organizations can navigate the change-landscape. To solve this, new ways to work with change arise every day and the latest trend: change

Inverter-based resources are playing an increasingly important role in power systems. However, the ability of inverter-based resources to deliver short-circuit currents is very limited, and often lies in the range of 1.2 to 2 p.u. for current power modules. This range is considerably lower when compared to that of synchronous generators, yielding short-circuit currents between 6 to 8 p.u. The diff

Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy is central to the long-term management of asthma and is extensively used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While administration via inhalation limits systemic exposure compared with oral or injected corticosteroids and, therefore, the risk of systemic corticosteroid-related adverse effects, concerns over the long-term safety of

The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate families’ experiences when a child is diagnosed as having type 1 diabetes, and at one and three years after diagnosis. Since childhood health and the circumstances around it in the family have been shown to have a lasting impact on adult health and circumstances, an additional aim was to examine the long-term effect of childhood diabetes on educati