Filetype
Objectives: Mild and moderate dehydration adversely affect mood and cognitive function. During dehydration, hypertonic hypovolemia activates both osmo- and baro-receptors but it is not known which physiological pathway is associated with degraded mood state. This study examined the acute effect of osmoreceptor stimulation on mood.Methods: Sixty healthy adults (50% females, 30 ± 1 y; BMI: 26.9 ± 4.
Objective: In March 2018, the Explorer study, an international, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (RCT), established that adding a TLC-NOSF (UrgoStart Contact, Laboratoires Urgo, France) dressing to good local standard of care (SoC) significantly and substantially increases wound closure and reduces the healing time of neuroischaemic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Besides the TLCNOSF treatmen
Aim: Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) quantify various domains of health related quality of life (HRQOL) from the patient perspective. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate patient reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). Method: PROs were investigated in the CL/P population with PROMs and interviews. Health care professional (HCP) experience o
Rationale: Proinflammatory cytokines have been identified as potential targets for lowering vascular risk. Experimental evidence and Mendelian randomization suggest a role of MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) in atherosclerosis and stroke. However, data from large-scale observational studies are lacking. Objective: To determine whether circulating levels of MCP-1 are associated with risk
Background: Biomarker-based risk predictions of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment are highly relevant for care planning and to select patients for treatment when disease-modifying drugs become available. We aimed to establish robust prediction models of disease progression in people at risk of dementia. Methods: In this modelling study, we included people with mild cognitive impair
Importance: Observational studies have shown associations of birth weight with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and glycemic traits, but it remains unclear whether these associations represent causal associations. Objective: To test the association of birth weight with T2D and glycemic traits using a mendelian randomization analysis. Design, Setting, and Participants: This mendelian randomization study used
The world of cult cinema is dotted with numerous films that are often characterised by event-like evening screenings in independent or art-house cinemas years or even decades after the film’s initial release. One film synonymous with the cult cinema circuit is Tommy Wiseau’s The Room (2003), which has often been hailed as the ‘Citizen Kane of bad movies’ due to the film’s lack of artistic vision,
Background and ObjectivesIdentifying a clinically meaningful change in cognitive test score is essential when using cognition as an outcome in clinical trials. This is especially relevant because clinical trials increasingly feature novel composites of cognitive tests. Our primary objective was to establish minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) for commonly used cognitive tests, using a
Dyslipidemia is a chronic deviation from normal blood lipid levels that can lead to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases; dyslipidemia and its sequelae are caused by the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Although circulating concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein chole
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Many multilevel logistic regression analyses of "neighbourhood and health" focus on interpreting measures of associations (e.g., odds ratio, OR). In contrast, multilevel analysis of variance is rarely considered. We propose an original stepwise analytical approach that distinguishes between "specific" (measures of association) and "general" (measures of variance) contextual eff
Decision-makers and managers spend substantial amounts of funding everyday on various interventions aimed at management of the large carnivores, for example different measures to mitigate depredation on livestock, e.g., removal of carnivores and fencing of livestock (see Linnell et al. 1996 for an extensive review). Management of species that occur in low numbers is challenging as relatively small
This study is an exploration of the interdisciplinary field of urban sustainable development in the first stage of a PhD project in human ecology. The purpose of the PhD project is to study the premises for urban sustainable development in the context of (relatively) affluent economies in Europe or, more generally, in the North. My case study is Malmö placed in the Öresund region farthest south of
Background: The time spent in nursing homes (NHs) by patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) might be influenced by many factors, e.g., sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, rate of disease progression, and concomitant disorders. Whether different aspects of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) therapy (drug agent, dose, and duration) affect time spent in NHs has not been investigated. We studi
Background: Whether and how n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) is debated. Objectively measured plasma PUFAs can help to clarify these associations. Methods and Findings: Plasma phospholipid PUFAs were measured by gas chromatography among 12,132 incident T2D cases and 15,919 subcohort participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Canc
IMPORTANCE Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering alleles in or near NPC1L1 or HMGCR, encoding the respective molecular targets of ezetimibe and statins, have previously been used as proxies to study the efficacy of these lipid-lowering drugs. Alleles near HMGCR are associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, similar to the increased incidence of new-onset diabetes associated w
As the knowledge about anthropogenic impacts of climate change has grown, the awareness of the contributions from treatment of wastewater has widened the scope for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Not only shall ever stricter effluent constraints be met, but also energy efficiency be increased, greenhouse gases mitigated and resources recovered. All under a constant pressure on costs. The main
Background: The ESPAC-3 trial showed that adjuvant gemcitabine is the standard of care based on similar survival to and less toxicity than adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Other clinical trials have shown better survival and tumour response with gemcitabine and capecitabine than with gemcitabine alone in advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. We
