This thesis focuses on engine system simulation using thermodynamics and chemical kinetic models to investigate the performance and efficiency of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines for stationary applications. It includes the development of software as well as models for engine, turbocharger, intercooler, inlet and exhaust manifolds, wastegate valve, inlet air humidifier, inle

There are two, partially interlaced, themes treated in this thesis; inverse problems of tomographic type and fast and accurate methods for the application of convolution operators. Regarding the first theme, the inverse problem of Doppler tomography is considered and the Doppler moment transform is introduced for that purpose. By investigating the properties of the transform, we prove results reg

Membrane filtration is a very gentle separation technique and can be used at low temperatures. This makes it suitable for liquids that contain micro-organisms and/or are heat sensitive, which is often the case in liquids processed in the field of biotechnology. However, one drawback is that these liquids are often very complex, which is a disadvantage when using membrane technology as it makes the

The aim of this thesis is to generate a theory of renewal in organizations. In modern society, characterized by the idea of progress, renewal has become an axiomatic assumption behind organizational existence. From an institutional perspective, the continuous search for new organizational forms and practises can be described as a process of imitation. The thesis acknowledges renewal as a process o

In the present doctoral dissertation an attempt is made to qualify the theorertical assumptions about the marginal characret of the popular sectors of the developing countries. According to these theories, individuals belonging to the populart sectors cannot become fully members of their societies because they lack the attitudinal prerequisites. My argument is that their actions are quite sophisti

This thesis investigates the Victorian governess novel as a specific genre. A comprehensive set of nineteenth-century governess novels has been examined in relation to contemporary non-fictional sources dealing with governess work and female education. It is argued that by sharing many characteristics regarding presentations of social situations, rhetoric, and argument with the contemporary debate

Twenty years after Vassar College welcomed the first American female undergraduates in 1865, the experiences of women college students began to be fictionalized in so-called college stories. This thesis shows how higher education is presented in the novels, collections of short stories, and serialized stories for female readers published before the United States was involved in the First World Wa

Corporations are increasingly asked to provide innovative solutions to address environmental and social concerns, such as persistent poverty, pollution and climate change. The paradox in this call is that within the current economic logic, most companies will continue to find working at these interfaces problematic. Some sort of tension is inevitable because of the conflicting and competing demand

Uncertainties in the macro economy are important sources of risk in today’s business world. Unexpected changes in exchange rates, interest rates, and inflation rates can lead to changes in corporate wealth and competitiveness and, in the extension, corporate market values – to what extent is the topic of this thesis. The thesis consists of four essays that explore different aspects of corporate e

The criminal justice system in modern western democracies is built on the rights of the one who is being accused of a crime, the subject of criminal responsibility, in relation to the repressive power held by the state. The entire system rests upon rules and principles, aiming at ensuring the rule of law as far as this subject is concerned. The subject is presumed to be autonomous and is set befor

Peat is badly suited as a base for road and railway embankments due to its geotechnical properties. The usual procedure has been, therefore, to excavate peat and replace it with blasted rock. During mass stabilization, the peat is left behind and its geotechnical properties are improved through mixing with a chemical stabilizer, preferably cement or cement in combination with different by-products

I undertake a metaphysical investigation of Saul Kripke's modern classic, Naming and Necessity (1980). The general problem of my study may be expressed as follows: What is the metaphysical justification of the validity and existence of the pertinent classes of truths, the necessary a posteriori and the contingent a priori, according to the Kripke Paradigm? My approach is meant to disclose the log

We believe in managers and we believe in learning. Not least, we believe in managerial learning. Further, the dominant conception is that managers, through reflection on experience, develop an increasingly sophisticated understanding of their work, which in turn renders increasingly skillful managerial actions. Metaphorically, this learning trajectory can be described as a journey from stupidity t

The use of enzymes for synthetic applications is an area of increasing interest. Enzymes have been pointed out to be an environmentally friendly alternative to existing chemical methods, as well as making completely new synthetic routes possible. Over the last decades, much focus has been put on the enzyme group oxidoreductases, which can selectively introduce oxygen and hydrogen into molecules. T

Many vascular plant species are unable to colonise calcareous sites, the floristic composition of adjacent limestone and acid silicate soils differing markedly. The inability of these 'calcifuge' species to establish themselves and grow on limestone soil appears to mainly be related to their low capacity for solubilising and absorbing phosphate and/or iron from such soils. Differences between calc

A number of results related to the geometric interpretation of some dispersive nonlinear wave equations are presented. It is first described how some well-known shallow water equations arise geometrically as Euler equations for the geodesic flow on the Virasoro group endowed with certain right-invariant metrics. For one of these equations?the Camassa-Holm equation?we demonstrate how geometric meth