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Förstainstansrättens dom i målet Microsoft mot Kommissionen har gett upphov till många konkurrensrättsliga frågor, bl.a. gällande Microsofts tying av Windows Media Player till sitt operativsystem Windows. Denna uppsats för framförallt ett resonemang kring frågan om huruvida de ”traditionella” EG-rättsliga metoder som idag används vid bedömningen av kopplingsförbehåll (tying) är förlegade när dessa
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna studie avhandlar den internationellt välkända Brittisk-muslimska organisationen Islamic Foundation och dess nyförståelse och tillämpning av da‘wa, d.v.s. ’kallet’ eller ’inbjudan’ till islam. Da‘wa är en ungefärlig motsvarighet till de kristna missions- eller evangeliseringsbegreppen. Avhandlingen ägnar särskild uppmärksamhet åt organisationens förlagsverksamhet, This thesis deals with the conceptualisation of da‘wa, ‘the call to Islam’, of the British organisation the Islamic Foundation, and focuses its 25 years of publication of Islamic-English children’s literature. In order to analyse the implications of the new modalities of da‘wa in the late modern Muslim minority context, the present study applies a genealogical perspective. The study explores the
The influence of aerosols, both natural and anthropogenic, remains a major area of uncertainty when predicting the properties and behaviour of clouds and their influence on climate. In an attempt to better understand warm cloud formation in a tropical marine environment, a period of intensive measurements took place in December 2004 in Puerto Rico, using some of the latest developments in online i
Popular Abstract in Undetermined Syftet med avhandlingen är dels att undersöka författarbiografin som litterär text, dels att finna en rimlig ståndpunkt i den teoretiska debatt där biografins fiktionalitet har lyfts fram. I inledningen tar jag upp den teoretiska utveckling som rör detta metaperspektiv. För att ge en ram både åt dessa resonemang och mitt eget val av undersökningsobjekt, ger jag ockThe aim of the present thesis is twofold: to examine literary biography as literary text and, on the basis of my findings, to adopt a reasonable perspective on the theoretical debate about the fictionality of such biographies. In my introduction I trace the theoretical developments underlying this metaperspective and supply with an historical survey of literary biography as practised in Sweden. In
Breast cancer is a very heterogeneous disease in terms of clinical characteristics, genetic aberrations and prognosis. In Paper I, we focused on the CD44 molecule that often is aberrantly expressed in breast cancer and is widely used as a marker for cancer stem cells. Several isoforms of the CD44 molecule were analyzed at the transcriptome level across breast tumors and the expression of individua
Interactions between metals and natural organic matter (NOM) are of great environmental importance and one of the key factors influencing hydrolysis, solubility, and speciation of the metals. However, studying geochemically relevant metals like Al, Fe, and Cu is sometimes associated with analytical problems; for example Fe and Cu are both redox active. Gallium (Ga) is a non-redox active metal that
Popular Abstract in Swedish De senaste 25 åren har flera nya narkosläkemedel registrerats och fått stort genomslag i vårt land. Den främsta orsaken är att dessa läkemedel medger ett snabbare uppvaknande och bättre postoperativt välbefinnande, vilket gör att många patienter snabbare kan återvända hem efter sina operationer. Propofol (2,6-di-isopropylfenol) som är ett av våra mest använda intra-venöOver the last 25 years a number of new anaesthetic drugs have been introduced on the market to allow for better patient satisfaction and faster recovery after anaesthesia and sedation. Propofol (2,6-di-isopropylphenol), one of our most common iv anaesthetics, is associated with pleasant sleep and rapid recovery with little postoperative nausea. When used for anaesthetic induction propofol causes s
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling handlar till stora delar om fotodynamisk tumörterapi (PDT). PDT har sedan början av förra århundradet undersökts som ett tänkbart alternativ till strålningsbehandling, kirurgi och kemoterapi för behandling av cancertumörer i kroppen. Precis som namnet antyder involverar metoden en fotodynamisk reaktion. För att denna reaktion skall ske behövs tre kompoPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) as a cancer treatment modality relies on the simultaneous presence of three components; light, photosensitiser and oxygen. Once excited by the light, the photosensitiser can interact with oxygen, leading to the formation of toxic oxygen species. These reactive substances induce cellular damage within the irradiated tissue volume. PDT has been investigated for treating ma
Background: The globalisation of the economy and the labour markets has resulted in a growing proportion of individuals who find themselves in a precarious labour market situation, especially among the young. This pertains also to the Nordic countries, despite their characterisation as well developed welfare states with active labour market policies. This should be viewed against the background of
The Edictum Diocletiani et collegarum: The so-called Edict of Maximum Prices was issued in AD 301 as part of a comprehensive administrative and financial reform released in the reign of the Roman emperor Diocletian. Diocletian came to power in AD 284 after a period in Roman history traditionally understood as a time of ‘crisis’, produced by a series of inter-related factors: a frequent turnover of
Migratory songbirds carry an inherited capacity to migrate several thousand kilometers each year crossing continental landmasses and barriers between distant breeding sites and wintering areas. How individual songbirds manage with extreme precision to find their way is still largely unknown. The functional characteristics of biological compasses used by songbird migrants has mainly been investigat
New regimens are constantly being pursued in cancer treatment, especially in the context of treatment-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are assumed to be involved in cancer recurrence. Here, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) isolated from Ambrosia arborescens and of synthetic derivatives in breast cancer cell lines, with a specific focus on activity aga
Popular Abstract in Swedish Is är något som de flesta människor i Sverige kommer i kontakt med dagligen,om det är för att kyla en dryck eller ta sig en glass, är det något som de flesta är bekanta med. Om en vattenlösning eller en vattensuspension kyls under fryspunkten för vatten ( 0 °C) så börjar iskristaller att bildas. Speciellt med denna process är att iskristallerna som bildas består endast Macroporous hydrogels are regarded as interesting materials both within biotechnology and biomedicine due to their properties. These materials can be prepared from a wide range of synthetic or naturally occurring compounds using a number of different techniques for their production. For this thesis, cryostructuring was used to prepare macroporous hydrogels, often named cryogels. The work utilized
Popular Science SummaryPolymers are giant molecules consisting of a repetition of many small units (monomers) that are linked together by chemical bonds. If we consider a long necklace as a polymer chain, the beads are the monomers and the part of the thread which connects the beads together is the chemical bond. Polymers are important materials in our everyday life and they can be found e.g., in This thesis incorporates studies on the aqueous systems of two types of thermoresponsive amphiphilic block copolymers; a series of nonionic triblock copolymers comprising blocks of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) denoted as PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers, and a series of ionic diblock copolymers consisting of one charged block and one block of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (
The aim of this study is to characterise the physical-chemical properties of alkylglucosides. Alkylglucosides are non-ionic surfactants synthesized from glucose and a fatty alcohol. The glucose molecule constitutes the hydrophilic head group and the fatty alcohol constitutes the hydrophobic tail. The two parts are linked together with a glucoside bond. In nature, the building and breakage of a glu
This thesis includes four appended papers. The thesis describes the challenges and advantages of the use of FE-analysis in the design of a component forming process in the automotive industry. Today, shortened lead-times in the automotive industry have dramatically increased the need for more efficient development methods in each stage of the process development chain. In order to decrease the lon
Protoplanets of super-Earth size may get trapped in convergence zones for planetary migration and form gas giants there. These growing planets undergo accretion heating, which triggers a hot-Trail effect that can reverse migration directions, increase planetary eccentricities, and prevent resonant captures of migrating planets. In this work, we study populations of embryos that are accreting pebbl
When researchers analyze data, it typically requires significant effort in data preparation to make the data analysis ready. This often involves cleaning, pre-processing, harmonizing, or integrating data from one or multiple sources and placing them into a computational environment in a form suitable for analysis. Research infrastructures and their data repositories host data and make them availab
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer in young adults has been implicated with a worse outcome. Analyses of genomic traits associated with age have been heterogenous, likely because of an incomplete accounting for underlying molecular subtypes. We aimed to resolve whether triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in younger versus older patients represent similar or different molecular diseases in the context of g
Rapid internationalization of European higher education has resulted in a considerable increase in the number of English-medium instruction (EMI) degree programs now implemented at all levels of instruction. While this change of medium provides increased academic opportunities for all university stakeholders, the use of English by non-native speakers for teaching and learning in non-Anglosphere co
