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Heparan sulfate chains have been found to be associated with amyloid deposits in a number of diseases including transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Diverse lines of evidence have linked proteoglycans and their glycosaminoglycan chains, and especially heparan sulfate, to the metabolism of the prion protein isoforms. Glypicans are a family of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored, heparan sul
Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes är en av de vanligaste folksjukdomarna och tusentals diagnostiseras med sjukdomen varje år. Det finns två typer av diabetes, typ 1 och typ 2. I typ 1 förstörs de insulin producerande β-cellerna som finns i de Langerhanska öarna av kroppens immunförsvar. β-cellerna har till uppgift att reglera blodsockernivåerna. Avsaknaden av egen insulinproduktion leder till dDiabetes affects enormous amounts of patients. In type 1 diabetes the insulin producing β cells in the islet of Langerhans are destroyed by the immune system. The β cells, which are located in the pancreas, regulate blood glucose levels. The lack of insulin production requires administration of insulin. This is accomplished by insulin injections. Even though the treatment methods have been improve
In unsparing efforts to find the hidden primaries, second primary cancers (SPCs) unrelated to cancer of unknown primary (CUP) are found. The detection rates of SPCs after CUP can be considered as measures for the effectiveness of modern diagnostic techniques in finding tumors. We aimed to compare the rates of specific SPCs found after the work-up of CUP and the more sign/symptom-directed diagnosti
Although extensive research has demonstrated host-retrovirus microevolutionary dynamics, it has been difficult to gain a deeper understanding of the macroevolutionary patterns of host-retrovirus interactions. Here we use recent technological advances to infer broad patterns in retroviral diversity, evolution, and host-virus relationships by using a large-scale phylogenomic approach using endogenou
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: There is an insufficient number of reliable prognostic and response predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) management. In a previous study, we found that high tumour tissue expression of tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) correlated with liver metastasis and an impaired prognosis in CRC. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic validity of ser
Although much attention in recent years has been devoted to methane (CH4) emissions from northern wetlands, measurement based data sets providing full annual budgets are still limited in number. This study was designed to help fill the gap of year-round measurements of CH4 emissions from subarctic mires. We report continuous eddy correlation CH4 flux measurements made during 2006 and 2007 over the
Purpose: Recently, there has been a growing interest in operating medical linear accelerators without a flattening filter Due to reduced scatter, leaf transmission and radiation head leakage a reduction of out-of-field dose is expected for flattening filter free beams. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of unflattened beams on peripheral dose for advanced treatment techniques
Over the past 30 years a vast number of studies have demonstrated the presence of pharmaceutical residues in the environment. But still knowledge is scarce regarding the interaction of these emerging pollutants with various matrices in nature. A chromatographic system with on-line detection was devel- oped to perform a sorption study of six selected pharmaceuticals to four natural sediments and de
The Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, is one of the major forest insect pests in Europe, capable of mass-attacking and killing mature Norway spruce trees. The initiation and development of a new generation are strongly controlled by temperature and a warmer climate may affect the number of generations that is produced per year and hence the outbreak dynamics. Experimental knowledge reg
* This workshop’s long term goal is to foster a community of Information Systems researchers and practitioners who are interested in the socio-technical perspective and see it as an important approach to improve the quality and reduce the costs of the information systems that have become an essential part of our lives in this 21st century. All communities need meeting places where they can discuss
Modelling the formation of super-km-sized planetesimals by gravitational collapse of regions overdense in small particles requires numerical algorithms capable of handling simultaneously hydrodynamics, particle dynamics and particle collisions. While the initial phases of radial contraction are dictated by drag forces and gravity, particle collisions become gradually more significant as filaments
File sharing programs have changed the music industry in the last few years, as a lot of Internet users have started to download music. While the access to music has spread though the population of most countries, music sales have also dropped. The music industry has been pressuring political institutions to change laws to protect music copyrights. Sweden and Spain are two different countries with
When grief finds new ways - a qualitative study about grief blogs The purpose of this study was to examine why people who suffer from grief chooses to share their experiences through blogs on the Internet. Furthermore and by studying the blogs we intended to gain understanding of the advantages and disadvantages that blogging can bring to the bloggers. The study is based on a qualitative analysis
Varje år får cirka 50 000 svenskar diagnosen cancer. Mot detta är strålbehandling en vanlig behandlingsmetod och det uppskattas att cirka en tredjedel av alla som får cancer någon gång under sin behandling får strålbehandling. En viktig sak inom strålbehandling är att patienten får den dos som läkaren har ordinerat. Detta är en så vital detalj inom strålbehandling att SSI, Statens StrålskyddsinsIndependent dose calculations in radiotherapy are important as they help assure that the dose given to the patient is the same as the prescribed. The current version of software Radiation Verification Programme, RVP, does not take into account the effects that occur when a beam from a linear accelerator is moved off-axis. The aim with this project was to find a model for these effects, fit the par
Many biological and neural systems can be seen as networks of interacting periodic processes. Importantly, their functionality, i.e., whether these networks can perform their function or not, depends on the emerging collective dynamics of the network. Synchrony of oscillations is one of the most prominent examples of such collective behavior and has been associated both with function and dysfuncti
The purpose of this essay was to examine how professional social workers work with follow up foster home placements. The study was based on qualitative interviews with ten professional social workers from different municipalities in Skåne in an attempt to answer the following questions: * What routines exist for the follow-up work with foster care? * What factors have an impact on how the follow
The International Labour Organization (ILO) was created in 1919 and this organization is the main global actor as regards the creation and supervision of labour standards. The combination of the regular work of the ILO in assisting member countries to comply with labour standards and its multifaceted supervising system has made ILO a successful organization in developing and implementing the human
Trots att en domstolsförhandling är av stor vikt för många barn som har utsatts för sexuella övergrepp visar undersökningar att endast tio procent av anmälningarna om sexualbrott mot barn leder till åtal. Syftet med denna uppsats är dels att presentera de åtgärder som företas i förhållande till målsäganden under förundersökningen, dels att fastställa om det finns faktorer som är avgörande för huruA trial is very important for children who have been sexually abused, however studies show that only ten percent of police reports lead to a prosecution. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the current procedure for investigating reports of sexual abuses against children. The paper will determine whether there are factors that are relevant if a case is prosecuted or not and thus can contribute
Nitrogenase is the only enzyme that can convert N2 into NH3. The reaction requires the addition of eight electrons and protons to the enzyme and the mechanism is normally described by nine states, E0–E8, differing in the number of added electrons. Experimentally, it is known that three or four electrons need to be added before the enzyme can bind N2. We have used combined quantum mechanical and mo
