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Tillämpningen av lagen (1991:572) om särskild utlänningskontroll har de senaste åren kraftigt ökat. Lagen avser kvalificerade säkerhetsärenden och möjliggör för Säkerhetspolisen att ta utländska medborgare som bedöms utgöra en fara för rikets säkerhet i förvar i avvaktan på att de utvisas. Eftersom utvisningarna sällan kan verkställas med anledning av risken för omänsklig behandling i mottagandelaThe application of the Act (1991:572) Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens have had a major increase these last few years. The law refers to qualified security cases and enables the Security Police to take foreign citizens who are deemed to pose a danger to national security into custody pending their deportation. As the deportations can seldom be carried out due to the risk of inhuman

I asylmål med sexuell läggning som grund för förföljelse utgör den sökandes berättelse oftast den främsta och ibland enda bevisningen. Utifrån en bevisvärdering av den muntliga utsagan avgörs således om den sexuella läggningen har gjorts sannolik och om sökanden därmed kan åtnjuta skydd som flykting. Fokus för prövningen blir alltså en trovärdighetsbedömning av sökanden och dennes berättelse. Mot In refugee claims, where the applicant is seeking asylum on account of a well-founded fear of being persecuted because of his or her sexuality, the applicant’s own testimony is usually the primary evidence. Therefore, the authorities and the courts have to evaluate whether the applicant has made his or her sexual orientation plausible, and consequently is able to enjoy protection as a refugee, by

Den reklam som användare möter på internet är idag ofta anpassad och utvald för att överensstämma med dennes intressen. För att erbjuda sådan individuellt riktad reklam använder adtechsektorn metoder som bygger på en storskalig kartläggning av användares onlineaktiviteter. Vanligen är det en tredje part till den tjänst som användaren faktiskt nyttjar som ansvarar för och utför den här kartläggningToday, internet users often face advertising that is tailored and selected to match their interests. To offer such targeted advertising the adtech sector use methods that rely on a large scale tracking of users’ internet activities. In most cases this tracking is performed by a third party to the service that the user is accessing. This makes it hard for individuals to know what information is col

Lysosomes are cell organelles in charge of degradation. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) causes the leakage of cathepsins and other digestive enzymes into the cytosol from lysosomal cavities. This usually causes the initiation of cell death. LMP can be triggered by many stimuli and this could potentially be used in new therapeutic approaches for removing cancer cells. However, excessive L

It is now allowed to sell mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) for food consumption, and it will probably play a major role in the search for future protein sources. The climate footprint of the mealworm is considerably smaller than for traditional livestock and is therefore of interest. Insects as human food is fairly unexploited in Sweden and the western world. In connection with the new legislation, an

I detta arbete behandlas tre kategorier av ingrepp: omskärelse, könsstympning och estetisk intimkirurgi. Dessa tre regleras mycket olika inom svensk rätt. Den estetiska intimkirurgin är tillåten och möjlig att genomgå efter att personen som ska undergå ingreppet har fyllt 18 år. Omskärelser är även de tillåtna, och en sådan är möjlig att genomgå på egen begäran som myndig, såväl som på föräldrars This work deals with three categories of procedures: circumcision, female genital mutilation and aesthetic genital surgery. These three are regulated very differently in Swedish law. Aesthetic intimate surgery is permitted and possible to undergo after the person who is to undergo the procedure has turned 18 years old. Circumcision is also permitted, and is possible to undergo at one's own req

Media literacy has been described as the ability of a citizen to access, critically analyze, and produce media content for specific outcomes. It also involves an awareness of the impact of media in the society and an understanding of media processes. More so, there are scholarly views that suggest that media literacy is a foundational skill for democracy. Here, the focus is not only on a media lit

The main focus of this thesis was to evaluate the possibility of establishing a wastewater treatment model for the main COD removal parts in the water line of Sjölunda Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) located in Malmö, in southern Sweden. The finalised model was used to simulate an increased load of on average 5,000 population equivalents (P.E.) per year due to population growth in Malmö. The aim

Det svenska samhället har under längre tid sett ut så att skyddet för familjelivet, den privata sfären, vägt tyngre än ett offentligrättsligt styrande. Den rättsliga utvecklingen har dock under tid varit föränderlig och lagstiftaren har vägt in parametrar som att barn kan vara utsatta i familjelivet där de som skall ta hand om dem är de som utsätter barnen för skadliga handlingar. Enligt FN:s barnSwedish society has for some time looked to the protection of family life, private life, weighed heavier than a public ruling. The legal development, however, has been changing over time, and the legislature has weighed in parameters that children can be exposed in family life where those who must care for them are those who expose children to harmful acts. According to the UNCRC, the child's

Det har på senare tid skett framsteg inom neurovetenskaplig forskning som skapat möjligheter för ett nytt ämnesområde inom juridiken, neurojuridik. Forskningen om neurojuridik sker främst i USA och en särskilt omdebatterad fråga där är om neurovetenskapliga lögndetektorer ska få användas i straffprocessen. Det finns även två privata bolag i USA som för närvarande lanserar den neurovetenskapliga löThe recent developments in neuroscience research have made it possible for a new field to emerge within law, neurolaw. Most of the research on neurolaw takes place in the United States and one intensively debated issue there is whether or not neuroscience-based lie detection should be allowed in criminal cases. There are currently two American private companies advertising the neuroscience-based l

Från och med att en myndighet beslutar att upphandla en vara eller en tjänst fram till att ett kontrakt tilldelas en vinnande leverantör styrs myndighetens agerande av ett detaljerat regelverk, vilket för den klassiska sektorn i första hand består om lagen om offentlig upphandling (SFS 2016:1145). Kontraktstilldelningen utgör startskottet på en avtalsrelation mellan myndigheten och leverantören däFrom the moment a government entity makes the decision to initiate a procurement procedure until that procedure is finalized through the award of a contract to a winning supplier, the procuring entity’s course of action is regulated in great detail by relevant public procurement legislation which for Swedish contracting authorities primarily consists of primarily law (2016:1145) on public procurem

In today’s fast moving business environment, organisational change is considered a key requisite to remain competitive, however, organisational change can be a double-edged sword as it can create difficulties for individuals in their identity work carried out in the organisation. Moreover, how individuals conduct their identity work in an organisation can amongst other factors be affected by disco

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den s.k. "uncertain dichotomous choice" modellen används för att beskriva gruppbeslut. Modellen består av två komponenter: gruppstruktur och röstsystem. Gruppen utgörs av ett antal personer med ett gemensamt mål. Medlemmarnas uppgift är att välja ett av de två givna alternativen, av vilka det ena är korrekt. Dessa två symmetriska alternativ antas så utformade att det inA probabilistic framework used in studying collective decision making is the uncertain dichotomous choice model. The model is essentially characterized by two components: the organizational structure and the voting process. By organizational structure, we refer to a group composed of members with common objectives and who are tasked to choose one of the two given alternatives, one of which is assu

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avregleringen av elmarknaden uppmuntrar kraftbolag och oberoende kraftproducenter till att driva sina kraftverksanläggningar på ett marknadsorienterat sätt. För att behålla de ekonomiska marginalerna på plussidan så har de mest populära åtgärderna varit att förbättra elverkningsgraden genom ändringar i hårdvaran samt höja totalverkningsgraden genom till exempel samproduThe deregulation of the electricity market drives utilities and independent power producers to operate heat and power plants as profit centers. In order to keep the economic margins on the credit side, the preferred measures have been to improve the electrical efficiency through changes in the hardware and boost the overall efficiency through e.g. combined heat and power (CHP) generation. The bett

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling inom forskarutbildningsämnet arbetsmiljöteknik beskriver nyutvecklade provtagnings- och analysmetoder för att undersöka hur reaktionsbenägna luftföroreningar uppkommer och sprids i arbetsmiljön. Antalet människor som drabbas av allergier har ökat de senaste årtiondena. Många av de mekanismer som ger upphov till allergier och överkänslighetsreaktioner kMany sources of airborne contaminants have always been present in various work environments. With the development of thermosetting plastic systems, the use of reactive chemical compounds was greatly increased and thus also the risk of exposure to reactive and potentially hazardous compounds. Exposure can occur in many situations, not only at the workplace where the raw materials are handled. The f

The East Asian monsoon has a strong seasonal effect on the rainfall regime of Eastern China. In order to mitigate floods and conserve the water for use throughout the year, dams and other hydro-structures are built. The design of the structures requires knowledge of the rainfall characteristics that influence the inflow to them. In this thesis, the properties of heavy rainfall in a 73 000 km2 area

The main purpose of the pursued research is to increase knowledge of the effects of knots in structural timber so that characteristics of weaker timber may be determined and applied to improve current grading techniques. In the process, a three-dimensional fiber paradigm was established, which describes variations of local principle material axes in timber containing knots. The adaptability of the

Popular Abstract in Swedish För att kunna simulera de fysikaliska fenomen som pågår i förbränning, krävs även en beskrivning av den kinetik som ingår i förbränningsprocessen. För detta ändamål utvecklas kinetiska modeller. En kinetisk modell är en lista med kemiska reaktioner och reaktionshastighetsparametrar. Modellernas tillämpningsområde begränsas av de valideringsfall och de fysikaliska parameThe simulation of physical phenomena occurring in chemical reactors requires the description of the kinetics involved in the underlying combustion process. Kinetic models are developed for this purpose. A software package, BlueBellMouse, has been developed to facilitate a deeper automatization and ease of simulation, reduction and optimization of kinetic models. A kinetic model is made of a list o

In everyday life, we bind visual samples of the world into a coherent episodic memory via eye movements. Previous eye tracking research revealed that visual scrutiny, gaze transitions between event elements, and refixations during encoding predict successful memory formation. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms of these processes. Here, we combine EEG and eye tracking to investiga

In response to global sustainability challenges, there are multiple public research andpolicy incentives being implemented to support a more sustainable energy system. These are aimed at advancing technology and innovation as well as guiding citizens tochange behaviour. But are those incentives accurately leading to a transition towards amore sustainable energy system and society?Evaluation of the