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Since 1978, Reform and Opening Up, China has acquired relatively remarkable achievements in urbanization, especially in coastal provinces like Guangdong Province. Under the special contexts of China after 1978, while Guangdong Province has been achieving more and further in the urbanization process, the rural-urban disparities has also been enlarging in many aspects. This empirical study shows and
Timescale uncertainties between paleoclimate reconstructions often inhibit studying the exact timing, spatial expression and driving mechanisms of climate variations. Detecting and aligning the globally common cosmogenic radionuclide production signal via a curve fitting method provides a tool for the quasi-continuous synchronization of paleoclimate archives. In this study, we apply this approach
Objectives: Adverse pregnancy outcomes are more common in women with SLE compared with healthy women, but we lack prognostic biomarkers. Plasma IFN-α protein levels are elevated in a subgroup of pregnant women with SLE, but whether this is associated with pregnancy outcomes is unknown. We investigated the relationship between IFN-α, adverse pregnancy outcomes and the presence of autoantibodies in
Phase separation of dough is based on the thermodynamic incompatibility of its components. The studies on phase-separated systems allow to model, understand, and develop foods. Model dough systems made with water and wheat flour were disassembled into their main structural phases, i.e. liquid, gel, gluten and starch phases, by ultracentrifugation, and further characterized with differential scanni
Qualitative and quantitative changes were observed in lipids, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), and a cell wall peptidoglycan consitutent in a marine bacterial isolate during starvation for 24 h in an energy and nutrient-free medium. While the amount and composition of the membrane fatty acids fluctuated within the first hours of starvation, the total amount of fatty acids decreased during the starvat
Spatial and temporal patterns of trends in annual and seasonal precipitation over Germany during 1951–2013 were analysed using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method. Three widely used and recognized high-resolution observation-based gridded precipitation products, the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) time-series data, Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) Full Data Reanalysi
Patients with diabetes display a progressive decay in the physiological counter-regulatory response to hypoglycemia, resulting in hypoglycemia unawareness. The mechanism through which the brain adapts to hypoglycemia may involve brain glycogen. We tested the hypothesis that brain glycogen supercompensation following hypoglycemia depends on blood glucose levels during recovery. Conscious rats were
Hypothermia (33°C) dramatically diminishes ischemic but not hypoglycemic brain damage. The beneficial effects of hypothermia in ischemia have been partly attributed to a reduction in the ischemia-induced increase in synaptic levels of glutamate or aspartate. With the microdialysis technique, we studied the effects of hypothermia (33°C) on the brain extracellular levels of glutamate and aspartate d
We have used adult mouse superior cervical ganglia (SCG) to study the role of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase activity during axonal outgrowth in vitro. An initial peak in activity within the first hours of culture was followed by a substantially higher activity after 1 to 2 days, a time when axons were actively growing. The latter peak is probably a result of both higher levels of protein
Coastal margins play a significant role in the burial of organic matter (OM) on Earth. These margins vary considerably with respect to their efficiency in OM burial and to the amounts and periodicity of their OM delivery, depending in large part on whether they are passive or active margins. In the context of global warming, these coastal regions are expected to experience higher water temperature
Background: Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) increases life expectancy in patients with COPD and severe hypoxemia. Smoking is the main cause of burn injury during LTOT. Policy regarding smoking while on LTOT varies between countries. In this study, we compare the incidence of burn injury that required contact with a health care specialist, between Sweden (a country with a strict policy regarding sm
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using Photofrin IIR (PII) as a photosensitizer is currently being evaluated as a new treatment modality for superficial bladder cancer. An optimum therapeutic ratio requires uniform illumination of the whole bladder wall and accurate light dosimetry. The first clinical light dosimetry results (16 patients) are reported, obtained using a system which allows in situ measur
The spatio-temporal schedule provided by geolocators suggests that a pair of Barn Swallows could have remained together during the non-breeding period. Data from four birds, of which two were a breeding pair, showed winter quarters from West to Central Africa. The tracks of the paired individuals coincided both spatially and temporally at a scale of <200 km throughout the non-breeding period, in c
The Atg2-Atg18 complex acts in parallel to Atg8 and regulates Atg9 recycling from phagophore assembly site (PAS) during autophagy in yeast. Here we show that in Drosophila, both Atg9 and Atg18 are required for Atg8a puncta formation, unlike Atg2. Selective autophagic degradation of ubiquitinated proteins is mediated by Ref(2)P/p62. The transmembrane protein Atg9 accumulates on refractory to Sigma
The composition, cellulose degradability and biochemical methane potential (BMP) of M. sinensis, M. floridulus, Miscanthus × giganteus and M. lutarioriparius were investigated concomitantly at different growth/harvest times during their growing season. For all the four species, there was only a slight change in the compositional content. Meanwhile there was a huge change in the BMP values. At the
