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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of brand contract in B2B from two perspectives: the theological and pragmatic.Design/methodology/approach – A review of the branding literature challenges the dominant notion of the brand covenant as a firm driven, unilateral promise, referred to as a theological contract. The study adds to this the pragmatic perspective of a social cont

A number of studies have analysed how multinational enterprises (MNEs) develop appropriate strategies for managing the institutionally different contexts of various markets. However, we still know rather little about how MNEs manage different institutional pressures when they operate in emerging markets. These markets have a higher level of uncertainty as their values and structures undergo change

The ambrosia fungus Flavodon ambrosius is the primary nutritional mutualist of ambrosia beetles Ambrosiodmus and Ambrosiophilus in North America. F. ambrosius is the only known ambrosial basidiomycete, unique in its efficient lignocellulose degradation. F. ambrosius is associated with both native American beetle species and species introduced from Asia. It remains unknown whether F. ambrosius is s

This special issue investigates Nordic individuals in transimperial spaces. It tracks Nordics on the move from the early modern period to the twentieth century, as they crossed imperial boundaries, and connected, networked, and operated in different spaces around the world within the framework of European global expansion. Though coming from countries with few or no formal colonies of their own, N

Multiple tipping points in the Earth system could be triggered when global warming exceeds specific thresholds. However, the degree of their impact on the East Asian hydroclimate remains uncertain due to the lack of quantitative rainfall records. Here we present an ensemble reconstruction of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) using nine statistical and m

Many species of insects undertake long-range, seasonally reversed migrations, displaying sophisticated orientation behaviors to optimize their migratory trajectories. However, when invasive insects arrive in new biogeographical regions, it is unclear if migrants retain (or how quickly they regain) ancestral migratory traits, such as seasonally preferred flight headings. Here we present behavioral

A successful vaccination program depends on secure vaccine storage as well as safe and effective vaccine delivery. An Internet of Things (IoT) based vaccine distribution and monitoring model, which is used to transport and monitor vaccines to locations where they will be properly kept for eventual use, is developed and tested. Coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan c

When engaging in international collaboration, researchers and research institutions have to relate to a great range of differences in legislation, scientific practices, incentive systems, and cultural norms. The research landscape has become even more complex in the last decade, and the gray zones at the intersections of a diverse set of institutional contexts may be used to push boundaries. The f

Towards a Circular Economy with Environmental Product Policy Considering dynamics in closing and slowing material loops for lighting products Jessika Luth Richter Abstract A Circular Economy (CE) can help to achieve the sustainable development goal of responsible consumption and production. Product policies, in turn, can support CE objectives by promoting reuse of products, recycling of materials,

https://www.iiiee.lu.se/sites/iiiee.lu.se/files/jlr_thesis_summary_information.pdf - 2025-10-11

This study tests whether the rise of free trade agreements (FTAs) in East Asia since 2000 has been an attempt to manage the growing complexity of trade both between members of that region and each other, as well as between them and the rest of the world. The study uses a measure of dependency based on GDP, as well as a measure of intraindustry trade as indicators. Descriptive statistics showed tha

Global climate policy negotiations have become increasingly complicated with the rise of the socalled emerging powers as they have seen both great economic growth and increased emissions of greenhouse gasses – yet they continue to hold a developing country, or non-Annex I, status under the UNFCCC, which determines their responsibilities for addressing the climate crisis. This thesis examines the

The political climate in the Arctic is changing in tandem with the world’s climate. As the ice thaws and leaves a previously frozen sea open, it likewise opens up for new opportunities as estimated abundances of resources become reachable for the first time. The diminishing ice also opens up new water ways for shipping routes and tourism, providing new economic opportunities. This has piqued the i

Foregin Direct Investment, FDI is often seen to be an important factor to economic growth across the globe. It gives Multinational Enterprises the opportunity to come closer to their customers, but also a chance to achieve economies of scale. In the same way that FDI is considered to benefit a company, economists are also discussing the impact that it brings to the local market. Investments in Chi

An Optimization of Inbound Logistic Flows at Haldex by Applying Consolidation and Monitoring to a Distribution Network. By Luca Stoffels and Willem Prinsen Throughout history the same factors have been of major importance regarding the transportation of goods between companies: costs, speed and reliability. Nowadays these factors are even of increased importance as supply chain networks become mo

Republicanism has been under-acknowledged within the field of International Relations. It’s been viewed as a broad school of thought, representing civic virtue, liberty and the participation of citizens. This work assists in shedding light on Republicanism as a major, alternative theory within this field. Through an idea- analysis of Republicanism which pinpoints and shows the arguments behind the

Bakgrund: Första fallen av COVID-19 kom i december 2019 i Kina. I mars 2020 blev COVID-19 klassat som pandemi. Pandemin satte stor press på sjukvården världen över, men framför allt på intensivvården och intensivvårdssjuksköterskorna som tog emot ett större antal patienter än normalt. Syfte: Att belysa intensivvårdssjuksköterskors upplevelser av att arbeta under COVID-19 pandemin ur ett globalt pe