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Railway networks are a critical component of modern transportation systems, but their efficiency is often challenged by disturbances that propagate through the network, leading to delays and reduced punctuality. This thesis investigates station-level disturbances and their duration, with the aim of developing a foundation for an online tool that can estimate disturbance durations. Using historical
This thesis investigates the weaponisation of healthcare in Ukraine during the ongoing conflict, analysing how deliberate attacks on medical infrastructure are not just violations of humanitarian law but systemic assaults on development, governance, and human security. Framed through a three-stage model: Disruption, Destabilisation, and Reconstruction, the study draws on Amartya Sen’s Development
This thesis explores how female international students at Lund University engage with social media platforms and perceive the growing presence of AI-generated content. The study aims to understand how past digital experiences- particularly negative ones such as online bullying, judgment, or privacy violations, influence current usage patterns, coping strategies, and interactions with algorithmic s
This thesis investigates the strategic use of fear speech, political communication designed to evoke fear by presenting threats, by Swedish political parties and lead candidates during the 2024 European Parliament election campaign on Facebook. Departing from audience-focused studies, the analysis centres on political actors’ intent, examining who employs fear speech, how frequently, and on which
“Netflix and chill?” It has been 10 years since this phrase has become an innuendo for casual sex. Netflix has become a streaming titan with over 300 million subscribers. The success of Netflix owes much to its original contents emphasising the competitive edge. Netflix categories its soft-core porn titles as Steamy Movies on the platform and even has an established category code for the genre, 11
State-controlled social media platforms can result in authoritarian soft power assets when the users' mediated communication extends across borders. Especially in times of hostile conflict and narrative divide, these transnational communication networks – without the coordination of the authoritarian state – can promote authoritarian narratives to non-domestic audiences when multilingual users
Modern telecommunications equipment places increasing demands on energy efficiency, driven by both environmental concerns, rising electricity costs, and the strain on national power grids. This thesis investigates practical ways to reduce power consumption in radios, particularly in the downlink digital signal processing chain. Our findings were tested on two platforms, a validation board and an i
The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is a protracted dispute between the states Armenia and Azerbaijan. This study develops a framework for how dependence on Russia affected the conflict outcome in 2020-2023. The framework explains the possible effects of an asymmetric relationship between the great power Russia and two weaker powers in Armenia and Azerbaijan while in a violent conflict. In the quantitat
Dead wood is a key element in forest ecosystems and a wide range of organisms are dependent on this substrate for development and reproduction. Saproxylic beetles are important decomposers of dead wood and serve as food for many organisms. Due to the significant forestry-related decrease of dead wood in rural areas, many species of saproxylic beetles are considered threatened. Thus, other spaces h
The thesis explores the agency of material artefacts in shaping co-presence and facilitating social interaction in three central squares in Malmö, Sweden: Stortorget, Lilla Torg, and Gustav Adolfs Torg. Drawing on a relational approach to space and Actor-Network Theory, the study combines structured and unstructured observations to analyse patterns of mobility, activity, and interaction. Findings
In Sweden, unemployed jobseekers increasingly encounter automated decision-making systems (ADMs) when applying for both jobs and welfare support. The present qualitative project interpreted the lived experiences of 14 interviewees within these increasingly automated environments, with the aim of finding unjust constraints on their self-determination and self-development, as well as to spot potenti
This study focuses on the parenting challenges faced by second-generation Iraqi mothers while raising their adolescents in Sweden. It aims to explore how these mothers deal with parenting challenges, particularly the cultural dissonance between their Iraqi cultural heritage and Swedish parenting norms, while attempting to adapt to Swedish societal culture. This is a central issue in these mothers&
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most lethal subtype of ovarian cancer and remains a major clinical challenge due to frequent late diagnosis and limited treatment options. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of targeting the oncogenic interaction between metadherin (MTDH) and staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing 1 (SND1) which are proteins known to promote tumor p
This thesis examines whether the current EU competition law framework, particularly Articles 101 and 102 TFEU, is sufficient to regulate algorithmic collusion. As pricing algorithms become more autonomous and capable of producing supra-competitive outcomes without direct human input, concerns arise about whether such behaviour fits within existing legal categories like “concerted practice” or “abu
The renovation and adaptive reuse of existing buildings is increasingly recognised as a strategy to address both housing shortage and climate targets in Europe. In Sweden, there is a large potential in converting cold attic spaces in mid-twentieth-century multi-family buildings which offers increased housing capacity without new construction. However, attic retrofits involve complex interactions b
The goal of this thesis was to investigate the path-length dependence of jet suppression for jets propagating through a medium known as the quark–gluon plasma (QGP). The QGP is formed in collisions between two lead (Pb) ions, where the overlap region consists of participant nucleons distributed in an approximately elliptical geometry. Simulations of jet quenching in these collisions were performed
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as an efficient platform for mRNA delivery, in which ionisable lipids play a central role in intracellular uptake and endosomal escape. In this study, the influence of different ionisable lipids on cellular uptake, endosomal damages and mRNA release kinetics was investigated to identify promising LNP compositions for effective mRNA delivery. Dose-dependent L
Diabetes, characterized by high blood glucose due to β-cell dysfunction, remains one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. A promising method for diabetes research is nanoelectroporation using nanostraws and nanopores, which enables controlled delivery of molecular cargo into β-cells for genetic and epigenetic manipulation. However, most studies rely on 2D β-cell cultures, which limits
Single-stranded RNA viruses co-assemble their capsid with the genome, and variations in capsid structures can have significant functional relevance. In particular, viruses need to respond to a dehydrating environment to prevent genomic degradation and remain active upon rehydration. Theoretical work has predicted low-energy buckling transitions in icosahedral capsids, which could protect the virus
