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Forests play a vital role in maintaining the global carbon balance. However, globally, forest ecosystems are increasingly threatened by climate change and deforestation in recent years. Monitoring forests, specifically forest biomass is essential for tracking changes in carbon stocks and the global carbon cycle. However, developing countries lack the capacity to actively monitor forest carbon stoc
Background: One of the preanalytical factors that can affect the results of arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is the time from sample collection to analysis. A delay in analysis may affect the results due to factors such as ongoing cellular metabolism within the blood sample, gas exchange between the blood sample and the environment, and temperature changes. ABG analysis can be delayed for various
Major Depression (MD) and General Anxiety Disorder (GAD) are the most common mental health disorders, which typically are assessed quantitatively by rating scales such as PHQ-9 and GAD-7. However, recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) have opened up the possibility of question-based computational language assessment (QCLA). Here we investigate how accurate
Children with hemophilia have a significantly higher risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) compared to the normal population. Prophylaxis reduces the risk of ICH and earlier initiation of prophylaxis may now be feasible, especially in hemophilia A (HA). The aim of the study is to explore the potential for preventing ICH by earlier start of prophylaxis by assessing the natural course of ICH before
The increasing prevalence of mental health problems coupled with limited access to professional support has prompted exploration of technological solutions. Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a potential tool to address these challenges, yet their capabilities in psychotherapeutic contexts remain unclear. This study examined the competencies of current LLMs in psychotherapy-related tasks inclu
Objectives: Coagulation test results may be affected by hemolysis, icterus and/or lipemia (HIL). Detailed guidelines for HIL-management are missing, both for manual and automatic HIL-checks. The aim of this survey was to provide an overview of the practical procedures for the detection and handling of HIL-samples used by laboratories in Europe in the context of coagulation testing. Methods: A Surv
The turn of the twentieth century was a period of rapid decline in infant- and child mortality and a time of industrialization and urbanization in Sweden. It was also a period of growing social disparities in childhood mortality. The inequality in child survival was connected to a range of factors, including access to water- and sanitation, housing conditions, infant care, and possibly nutrition.
The turn of the twentieth century was a period of rapid decline in infant- and child mortality and a time of industrialization and urbanization in Sweden. It was also a period of growing social disparities in childhood mortality. The inequality in child survival was connected to a range of factors, including access to water- and sanitation, housing conditions, infant care, and possibly nutrition.
Oxy-fuel combustion is regarded as an underpinning technology for carbon capture and utilization. Ethane (C2H6) is the primary non-methane component in natural gas and a fundamental C2 fuel. In this work, laminar burning velocities (LBV) of C2H6/O2/CO2 mixtures were measured using the heat flux method at atmospheric pressure, spanning initial temperatures of 308–348 K, equivalence ratios of 0.6–1.
Environmental stress can alter not only trait means but also trait variances - an often-overlooked evolvable feature with ecological and evolutionary relevance. We examine how dietary stress affects both the mean and variance of morphological and reproductive traits across two generations in clonal Daphnia. We manipulated maternal and offspring environments with high- (algae) or low-quality (cyano
Objective: The Swedish national guidelines on penile cancer were first published in 2013. The objective of this study is to present the 2023 update of these guidelines and highlight the differences to the European Association of Urology (EAU) / American Association of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines on penile cancer. Material and methods: A review of the literature and a comparison to the EAU
INTRODUCTION: Patient simulation can be useful for medical students in developing communication skills for vulnerable situations. Three participants are primarily involved in the patient simulation activities: the student, the simulated patient (SP), and the teacher. We here aimed to explore these participants' perceptions of learning in a patient simulation scenario.METHODS: We conducted individu
Background: Because overweight and obesity are still increasing and prevention of childhood obesity is more likely to be effective when initiated in preschool children, the Child Health Service in the south of Sweden developed a structured child-centred health dialogue model targeting all 4-year-old children and their families. The aim of this study was to describe parents' recalled experiences of
BackgroundEvidence suggests that lifestyle activities impact cognitive and mental health in older populations. However, how lifestyle factors are associated with one another, and which factors are most important for cognitive function and mental health has received comparatively little attention.DesignBayesian-Gaussian network analysis was used to investigate unique associations between mental act
Det finns runt 100 000 blinda och kraftigt synnedsatta individer (BKSI:er) i Sverige. Sådan synnedsättning leder till en kraftigt minskad förmåga för självständig förflyttning och lägre livskvalité, med ökad risk för arbetslöshet, trafikolyckor, en stillasittande livsstil och depression. Hälften av alla käpp- och hundanvändare är med om en huvudkollision årligen, och drygt var tredje för en fallolReduced independent mobility of blind and low-vision individuals (BLVIs) cause considerable societal cost, burden on relatives, and reduced quality of life for the individuals, including increased anxiety, depression symptoms, need of assistance, risk of falls, and mortality. Despite the numerous electronic travel aids proposed since at least the 1940’s, along with ever-advancing technology, the m
Urbanization is not only a concentration of humans in city areas but also, the consumption and production activities that are comprised in urban space. In this sense, goods and services are developed through the urban economic actors, through labor, economic diversity, and prosperity. This article reviews the relationship between urban economics and tradesmen & craftsmen (TC). The focus is on
Histatin 5 is a histidine-rich, intrinsically disordered, multifunctional saliva protein known to act as a first line of defense against oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans. An earlier study showed that, upon interaction with a common model bilayer, a protein cushion spontaneously forms underneath the bilayer. Our hypothesis is that this effect is of electrostatic origin and that the obser
There is poor knowledge about the clinical effects of Lewy body (LB) pathology in patients with cognitive impairment, especially when coexisting with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (amyloid-β and tau). Using a seed amplification assay, we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid for misfolded LB-associated α-synuclein in 883 memory clinic patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia from the BioFIN
The rainfall product derived from the SM2RAIN (Soil Moisture to Rain) algorithm has been widely used. However, there is still a large uncertainty partly due to the soil moisture input and parameters estimation of the SM2RAIN algorithm, which limits the application of the model in alpine regions. Here, the SM2RAIN-BayesOpt algorithm was developed by integrating the SM2RAIN algorithm and Bayesian op
Achilles tendon rupture is a common debilitating medical condition. The healing process is slow and can be affected by heterotopic ossification (HO), which occurs when pathologic bone-like tissue is deposited instead of the soft collagenous tendon tissue. Little is known about the temporal and spatial progression of HO during Achilles tendon healing. In this study we characterize HO deposition, mi
