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Background and purpose: The recently published Nordic anal cancer group (NOAC) contouring guidelines aim for improved oncological outcomes and reduced toxicity in anal cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. The present work describes how the elective clinical target volume (CTVe) would change when applying the NOAC guidelines instead of the previous Australasian standard. According to the Aust
The English present perfect and simple future tenses are felicitous with the living, but not the dead, as a referent must exist at reference time. In contrast, the simple past is odd with living referents in out-of-the-blue statements, as it requires a specified or implied past reference time. We employed eye-tracking during reading (Experiment 1) and self-paced reading (Experiments 2 and 3) in or
BACKGROUND: Several radiological societies in Europe have so far spoken out in favor of MRI of the small intestine over CT, since MRI is said to provide more detailed image information. Due to the limited availability of MRI machines, long waiting times arise for many patients who clinically require small bowel imaging.OBJECTIVES: These circumstances guided our search for an improved CT technique
Purpose: Autism, psychosis and catatonia were once considered part of schizophrenia. While both autism and catatonia have been “detached” from schizophrenia, co-occurrence of the three conditions may be suspected in some cases, because of overlapping features, leading to challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This review provides an overview of the literature regarding the co-occurrence of autism,
The aim of this study was to describe prerequisites for online collaboration for user participation in co-design of online digital services as perceived by people with impairments and to develop requirements for how online collaboration should be designed to be accessible for all participants. An exploratory study was conducted in parallel to activities in two co-design projects. Researchers, acce
Aims: CT acquisition parameters and reconstruction techniques may affect the accuracy of calcium scoring measurements with a potential impact on clinical decision making. We evaluated the agreement of half- versus standard-dose protocols for assessment of aortic valve (AVCS HD and AVCS SD protocols) and coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS HD and CACS SD protocols) with and without the applicatio
3-Hydroxypropionic acid was isolated by bioactivity-guided fractionation of extracts obtained from submerged cultures of several endophytic fungi isolated from above-ground plant organs. This compound showed selective nematicidal activity against the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita with LD50 values of 12.5-15 mug/ml. Activity against the saprophytic Caenorhabditis elegans was fivefo
X-ray diffraction measurements of liquid water are reported at pressures up to 360 MPa corresponding to a density of 0.0373 molecules per Å3. The measurements were conducted at a spatial resolution corresponding to Qmax = 16 Å-1. The method of data analysis and measurement in this study follows the earlier benchmark results reported for water under ambient conditions having a density of 0.0333 mol
Background: Studies of survival comparing radical cystectomy (RC) and radiotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer have provided inconsistent results and have methodological limitations. The aim of the study was to investigate risk of death after radiotherapy as compared to RC. Methods: We selected patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma without distant metastases, treated with radio
The object of this paper was to investigate the experiences of patients with severe mental illness (SMI) living in a community, including their utilization of care and treatment services. Psychiatric care and social services staff members were asked to make an inventory of those they served in two districts of Malmö, Sweden. Participants had to be over 18 years of age and unable to manage their da
The presence of man-made gamma emitting radionuclides in the region within 32 km radius of the Ignalina NPP/Lithuania has been investigated during the period 2001-2004, prior to the closure of the first 4 the two operating RBMK 1500-type reactors. Gamma spectrometric measurements of various terrestrial and aquatic plants as well as of soil samples showed moderate environmental contamination with t
Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes relaterade fotsår är en vanlig och allvarlig komplikation till diabetes. Orsaken till fotsår är mångfasetterad och inkluderar bland annat diabetesrelaterade nervskador och försämrad funktion i stora och små blodkärl. Vid förekomst av högt blodsocker fungerar immunförsvaret sämre och problematiska infektioner är vanligare vid diabetes. Sårläkning försämras vid lChronic diabetic foot ulcers are a source of major concern for both patients and health care systems. Oxygen deficiency plays a major role in the pathogenesis of these ulcers. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been proposed as a medical treatment for diabetic foot ulcers, but the clinical utility has not been established. Hyperbaric Oxygen in Diabetic patients with chronic Foot Ulcer (HODFU) st
OBJECTIVE-Young children have an unacceptably high prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the clinical diagnosis of type I. diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine whether knowledge of genetic risk and close follow-up for development of islet autoantibodies through participation in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study results in lower prevalence of D
Popular Abstract in Swedish Två av de viktigaste polyaminerna påträffades redan i slutet av 1600-talet, som kristaller i tjursperma och har därför fått namnen spermin och spermidin. Dessa aminer bildas från en annan substans, putrescin, som först isolerades från ruttnande kött. Namnet putrescin kommer från engelskans putrefaction, som betyder förruttnelse. Polyaminer, som kemiskt sett är positivt The polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are essential for cell growth and differentiation. The biosynthesis of polyamines are tightly regulated by feedback mechanisms involving two enzymes, namely ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC). This thesis deals with the mechanisms behind the polyamine-mediated feedback control of these enzymes. The poly
Popular Abstract in Swedish Prostatacancer är idag den vanligaste sjukdomen hos män, och är den cancer form som leder till flest dödsfall bland män i Sverige (av de män som får diagnosen avlider 35% på grund av sjukdomen). Det har visats att risken att utveckla prostatacancer påverkas av ålder, etnicitet och diet (bla asiatisk mat och tomater verkar ha skyddande effekt), men också av genetiska fakProstate-specific antigen (PSA) is a worldwide used tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer. It is a serine protease and belongs to the family of glandular kallikreins. Humans have three classical glandular kallikreins, but it has been reported that rodents have many more. Lately, the family has been expanded to contain 12 new genes, KLK4–KLK15, that are situated at the same locus
Recent advances in laser technology, with the development of extremely short-pulse, high-intensity lasers, have opened doors to new areas in atomic physics. By focusing light from an intense, short-pulse laser into a gas jet, the emission of high-order harmonics of the laser frequency has been studied. The aim of this work has been two-fold: to better understand the underlying physics of the harmo
