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BACKGROUND: Patients with septic shock may undergo extensive physiological alterations that can alter antibiotic pharmacokinetics. OBJECTIVES: To describe the population pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in septic shock and to define recommendations for effective ciprofloxacin dosing in these patients. METHODS: Adult patients with septic shock treated with ciprofloxacin were eligible for inclusion
The globular clusters of large spiral galaxies can be divided into two populations: one that formed in situ and one that comprises clusters tidally stripped away from other galaxies. In this paper, we investigate the contribution to the outer globular cluster population in the M31 galaxy through donation of clusters from dwarf galaxies. We test this numerically by comparing the contribution of glo
The Lundby Study is a prospective mental health survey in a community population (N = 3563), in which data were collected in 4 waves of field-work between 1947 and 1997. We investigated gender differences during the follow-up in overall first incidence rates, ages of onset, and incidence by age of onset patterns, in different subtypes of depression. The overall incidence rate in females was higher
Objectives: To measure treatment fidelity and to evaluate patient and clinician experiences with Brief Admission Skåne (BAS) over the pilot phase and first five months of the intervention phase of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing BAS. The purpose of the RCT is to determine whether BAS can reduce the frequency of acute psychiatric admissions for individuals with borderline personality di
This chapter looks at political consumerism in the toy sector, offering a brief history of consumer concerns and distinguishing among four strands of political consumerist research in this sector. A primary factor facilitating political consumerism of toys is that toy companies are extremely concerned about their reputation. Manufacturers cannot assume that parents and other carers do their usual
Why a Book about Product-Oriented Environmental Law? While laws relating to the environment have been around for centuries, it could be argued that modern environmental lawmaking started in the 1960s, when many nations began adopting acts specifically targeting the environment. The evolution of environmental law since then has followed several paths, from mainly local regulations to national, Euro
Concerns about the environmental effects of the ‘throwaway society’ are increasingly influencing policy-making and regulatory action in the EU. The Seventh Environment Action Programme, which aims to guide European environmental policy, sets out a long-term vision for the EU that requires a major shift in the way economic activities are conducted: In 2050, we live well, within the planet’s ecologi
Introduction: A large number of policy instruments have been developed to induce energy efficiency and mitigate climate change. Traditional policy evaluations have assessed the performance of individual policy instruments, applying criteria such as target effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, legitimacy and distributional effects. More recently there has been a shift of interest in how policy instrum
This paper provides a consistent series for the Irish national debt since the foundation of the state. It also provides a continuous series for bond yields over the same period. The paper examines the factors behind the fluctuations in the debt burden over almost a century. The management of the debt burden by the Irish authorities has evolved over time, seeking to minimise both the burden on the
S100A9 is a small (13 kD) cytosolic calcium-binding protein. The protein is mainly expressed in neutrophils and monocytes in human but can also be expressed in other cell types under inflammatory conditions. S100A9 is normally co-expressed with S100A8 and forms S100A8/S100A9 heterodimers. Previous publications had suggested that S100A9 could be expressed without S100A8 in certain conditions. Vario
Environmental loads from the building and its services must be minimised. The study aims to determine material quantities, manufacturing energy and how material choice affect manufacturing energy. An inventory of materials in domestic water, waste water, space heating and ventilation services are made and manufacturing energy are calculated based on LCA’s. Finally energy need for alternative mater
Today, innovation and entrepreneurship are key words for many universities, as it constitutes an important part of most universities’ public and scientific outreach task. Universities are striving to increase the number of innovations and entrepreneurs generated by the university. Teaching and learning entrepreneurship is therefore of importance and schools, colleges and universities can play an i
Basophils are emerging as immunoregulatory cells capable of interacting with their environment not only via their characteristic IgE-mediated activation, but also in an IgE-independent manner. Basophils are known to express and respond to stimulation via TLR2, TLR4, DC-SIGN and DCIR, but whether basophils also express other C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) is largely unknown. In this study, we inves
Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is the prime diagnostic modality for the small-bowel. It consists in a swallowable color camera that enables the visual detection and assessment of abnormalities, without patient discomfort. The localization of the capsule is currently performed in the 3D abdominal space using radiofrequency (RF) triangulation. However, this approach does not provide sufficient inf
