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RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: We wanted to improve determination of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with plasma clearance techniques because the alternative-renal clearance techniques-may involve inaccurate urine sampling or risk of urinary tract infection when bladder catheterization becomes necessary. Therefore, we compared the renal and plasma clearances of iohexol and chromium-51-ethylenediam
Corruption is considered a global problem. All over the world it affects people’s lives, for the majority in negative ways. Cleaning up a corrupt state has proved to be difficult; if it does not have a history of continuously being a democracy for a long time it faces an increased chance of being corrupt. Whether a state actively fights corruption through laws and reforms does not always matter.
Foreign trade is an important part in Africa’s internationalization process. In order to assess the entrepreneurial possibilities in Sub Saharan Africa, one can look at firm’s probability of entering the export market. The aim of this paper is to examine the importance of sunk costs of exporting for Sub Saharan African firms. This is done by assessing the importance of past export performance on t
The aims were to study the biological, socio-demographic and psychosocial health profile in a geographically defined population of middle-aged women, with focus on features of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes, and to study the efficiency of a screening method for high-risk individuals and the outcome of baseline lifestyle advices on the diabetes incidence. All women aged 50-59 years (n=10766)
BackgroundChildren with chronic diseases are reported to have increased risk of psychiatric comorbidity. Few studies have investigated this risk in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), with conflicting results. We performed a population-based, longitudinal cohort study of the risk of depression and anxiety in south-Swedish patients with juvenile arthritis.MethodsThe south-Swedish JIA cohort (n = 6
Objective: Intravenous iron - a common treatment for anaemia and iron deficiency due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - can cause hypophosphataemia. This trial compared the incidence of hypophosphataemia after treatment with ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) or ferric derisomaltose (FDI). Design: This randomised, double-blind, clinical trial was conducted at 20 outpatient hospital clinics in Europe (
INTRODUCTION: The prophylactic regimen in children with severe haemophilia is suggested in various publications and guidelines. Few data exist on its implementation in clinical practice.AIM: To investigate the implementation of primary prophylaxis based on real-life data from PedNet during the last 20 years.METHODS: All children from the PedNet cohort (n = 1260) with severe haemophilia A (SHA) or
Northern forest ecosystems make up an important part of the global carbon cycle. Hence, monitoring local-scale gross primary production (GPP) of northern forest is essential for understanding climatic change impacts on terrestrial carbon sequestration and for assessing and planning management practices. Here we evaluate and compare four methods for estimating GPP using Sentinel-2 data in order to
Background: MRI is an important tool in the prostate cancer work-up, with special emphasis on the ADC sequence. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between ADC and ADC ratio compared to tumor aggressiveness determined by a histopathological examination after radical prostatectomy.Methods: Ninety-eight patients with prostate cancer underwent MRI at five different hospitals prior to radi
Background: No definite consensus has been reached yet on the best treatment strategy for the large group of infants hospitalised with bronchiolitis or pneumonia. Minimal handling is often recommended, although not evaluated scientifically. There is a need to evaluate the management, as the infants often are critically affected, and the costs for society are high. The aim of this RCT was to evalua
Protein intake is higher in formula-fed than in breast-fed infants during infancy, which may lead to an increased risk of being overweight. Applying alpha-lactalbumin (α-lac)-enriched whey or casein glycomacropeptide (CGMP)-reduced whey to infant formula may enable further reduction of formula protein by improving the amino acid profile. Growth, nutrient intake, and protein metabolites were evalua
BACKGROUND: Each year, more than 1.5 million people in Europe have a stroke, and many experience disabilities leading to activity and participation restrictions. Home-based rehabilitation is the recommended approach for stroke rehabilitation, in line with the international shift to integrated care. Despite this, rehabilitation often focuses on the person's physical functions, not the whole life si
Objective: Real-life management of hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear. Methods: A survey was conducted in 2023 by the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) to assess management of CKD patients referred to ESH-Hypertension Excellence Centres (ESH-ECs) at first referral visit. The questionnaire contained 64 questions with which ESH-ECs representatives were asked to e
BACKGROUND: Despite the detrimental impact of abnormal glucose metabolism on cardiovascular prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI), diabetes is both underdiagnosed and undertreated. We investigated associations between structured diabetes care routines in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and detection and treatment of diabetes at one-year post-MI.METHODS: Center-level data was derived from the Perf
As part of its commitment to transparency, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has been developing improved approaches to assessing uncertainty and expressing the degree of certainty in its scientific outputs. The objectives of this workshop were to review and improve the provision of this information by EFSA and its usefulness for risk managers, and to help risk managers to interpret and us
Background: Previous non-randomized studies show similar outcomes in adolescents and adults after bariatric surgery. We describe the study protocol, recruitment, and selected baseline data of patients in a randomized multi-center study, the Adolescent Morbid Obesity Surgery 2 (AMOS2). Methods: Three clinics in Sweden collaborated in designing the study and recruitment of patients from August 1, 20
Background: This study compared the 5-year outcomes of isolated proximal femoral varus osteotomy (FO) and combined proximal femoral varus and pelvic osteotomy (FPO) for the treatment of hip displacement in children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Sweden, focusing on the number of reoperations and residual hip displacement. Methods: The study included 163 children with a 5-year follow-up after FO or FP
